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Baie-Johan-Beetz
Municipality
Piashti River, Route 138, steel girder bridge 15881, Chateau Johan Beetz, Piashti Bay
Baie-Johan-BeetzLocation in Côte-Nord region of Quebec
Coordinates: 50°17′N 62°48′W / 50.283°N 62.800°W / 50.283; -62.800
Country	Canada
Province	Quebec
Region	Côte-Nord
RCM	Minganie
Constituted	1 January 1966
Named for	Johan Beetz
Government
• Mayor	Martin Côté
• Federal riding	Manicouagan
• Prov. riding	Duplessis
Area
• Total	532.06 km (205.43 sq mi)
• Land	327.46 km (126.43 sq mi)
Elevation	10 m (30 ft)
Population
• Total	84
• Density	0.3/km (0.8/sq mi)
• Pop (2016-21)	2.3%
• Dwellings	58
Time zone	UTC-5 (Within the AST legislated time zone boundary but observes EST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)	G0G 1B0
Area codes	418 and 581
Highways	R-138
Website	www.baiejohanbeetz.qc.ca

Baie-Johan-Beetz is a municipality located near the mouth of the Piashti River on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in the Côte-Nord region, Minganie RCM, Quebec, Canada.

History

In 1854, Joseph Tanguay, originally from Berthier, settled at the Little Watshishou River. Tanguay and his sons fished mostly for salmon on the Piashti, Corneille, Petite Watshishou, Watshishou and Quetachou rivers.

In 1862 Tanguay moved to Baie Piashti. Other early settlers came from the Magdalen Islands. The place was originally identified as "Piastre Bay", from the Innu expression piashite-pets, meaning "there where the water passes over/on top", or possibly originating from the word piashtibé, meaning "dry bay" or "where the water rises", which is a reference to the local bay that during low tide runs dry.

In 1897, Johan Beetz (1874-1949), a Belgium aristocrat, with training in natural sciences and medicine, immigrate there, and on 27 September 1898, married Adéla Tanguay (1884-1954), daughter of Sébastien Tanguay, fisherman, and Marie-Louise (Henriette) Arseneault, 11 children were born of this union. Beetz built a Second Empire-inspired rural residence that residents today call le château (the castle), he hunted, fished, and trapped with the local villagers, and raised foxes for their fur. He was a naturalis and ornithologist, and made numerous studies and hand drawings. He also invented a mummification process for preserving animal bodies. The many activities of Johan Beetz brought considerable impetus to the socio-economic development of the locality and that of the North Shore.

The family lived in Piastre Baie until 1922, when they moved to Ville Saint-Laurent.

Toponymy

The bay's name was spelled in a variety of ways, including Piashti Bay, Pillage Bay, Baie-de-Pillage, Piastibe, Piashte Bay, and Piestebé. Perhaps for this reason, its residents expressed a desire to change the village's name to Baie-Johan-Beetz in 1910.

The Piastre Baie was renamed in 1914, but the name was not officially adopted until 1965 when the place was incorporated.

Watshishou migratory bird sanctuary

Located approximately 40 kilometers west of Natashquan, this 10,673 hectare refuge extends over a little more than 23 kilometers along the coast of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in the municipality of Baie-Johan-Beetz, and partly in Aguanish and the Mingan Archipelago National Park reserve.

The Wastishou Migratory Bird Sanctuary includes Pontbriand, Jalobert and Pashashibou bays, all islands, islets and emerging rocks in the area, as well as the offshore waters over a distance of several kilometers from the coast. In fact, the waters cover almost 90% of the refuge's surface area. Vegetation is limited to a few species of moss and lichens, because the terrestrial part of the refuge is mainly made up of rocky outcrops.

Birds

The common eider is the most abundant, the double-crested cormorant is the second most commonly found species, the third most numerous species within this sanctuary is the herring gull.

• Somateria mollissima. — Eider à duvet. — (Common Eider).
• Phalacrocorax auritus. — Cormoran à aigrettes. — (Double-crested cormorant).
• Larus argentatus. — Goéland argenté. — (Herring gull).

Bird species present in smaller numbers also benefit from this sanctuary:

• Sterna paradisaea. — Sterne arctique. — (Arctic tern).
• Sterna hirundo. — Sterne pierregarin. — (Common stern).
• Gavia stellata. — Plongeon catmarin. — (Red-throated loon).
• Gavia immer. — Plongeon huard. — (Common loon).
• Anas rubripes. — Canard noir. — (American black duck).
• Mergus serrator. — Harle huppé. — (Red-breasted merganser).Melanitta deglandi. — Macreuse à ailes blanches. — White-winged scoter).
• Melanitta perspicillata. — Macreuse à front blanc ou Macreuse à lunettes. — (Surf scoter).
• Melanitta americana. — Macreuse à bec jaune. — (Black Scoter).

• Pontbriand river and Pontbriand bay
• River, rocky outcrop of the Canadian Shield
• Mouth of the river, some 20 km east in Baie-Johan-Beetz (Municipality)
• Mouth of the river and rest area from the bridge on Route 138
• Mouth of the river, in the bay, in Gulf of St. Lawrence
• Pontbriand Bay in Gulf of St. Lawrence

Demographics

Population

Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue – Baie-Johan-Beetz, Quebec
Census		Total		French				English				French & English				Other
Year		Responses		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %
2011		80		80	11.1%	100.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%
2006		90		90	5.6%	100.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%
2001		85		85	5.9%	100.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%		0	0.0%	0.00%
1996		80		80	n/a	100.00%		0	n/a	0.00%		0	n/a	0.00%		0	n/a	0.00%

Climate

Cultural heritage

The Johan-Beetz House, a Second Empire-inspired rural residence built in 1899, dominates the landscape of a rocky promontory jutting into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, at the mouth of the Piashti River. Listed in the Quebec Cultural Heritage directory, this property is classified as a heritage building. The protection applies to the exterior and interior of the building, and not to the land.

Wooden sidewalks, in 1987, a study by Ministry of Transport Quebec mentioned:

…there are more than 600 m of continuous wooden sidewalks along the existing road in Baie-Johan-Beetz. The dismantling of the wooden sidewalks would constitute a loss for local heritage.

In 2020, a municipal regulation recommends rebuilding these picturesque elements that are an integral part of the landscape.

… Not so long ago, the entire village of Baie-Johan-Beetz was crisscrossed by a network of wooden sidewalks. Much of this network has disappeared over time but a few remain. It is important to restore and highlight these wooden sidewalks.

• Cultural and Naturel heritages
• Johan Beetz House (Le Chateau), Piashti River, rock of Canadian Shield
• Piashti River, boats at anchor, sheds and wooden boardwalks
• Baie-Johan-Beetz Park

Transport

For the best part of the 20th century, depending on the ice conditions, the Clarke Steamship Co. Ltd. ships, departing from Montreal and Quebec, regularly stopped at Johan Beetz. From the locality to reach the interior of the region, two canoe routes are available to travelers. One follows the Piashti River to Lake Bellanger, and gives access to the western part. The second road follows the Watshishou River to a point two and a half miles north of Véronique Lake. Both rivers contain numerous rapids and falls, and there are eleven portages between the Gulf and Bellanger Lake and 21 portages before reaching Prudent Lake. Several large lakes, particularly in the northern half of the region, are suitable for seaplane landings.

In 1996, Quebec Route 138 (The Whale Route) was extended to Havre-Saint-Pierre, thus connecting the village of Baie-Johan-Beetz to the Quebec road network.

The city is served by the Baie-Johan-Beetz Seaplane Base (SPB) (IATA: YBJ).

See also

• List of municipalities in Quebec

References

1. ^ "Steel Girder Bridge #18881 Inventory and inspection of structures". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility. Retrieved 1 July 2024. Côte-Nord Territorial Directorate - Baie-Johan-Beetz - Municipality - Road 138 - Piashti River Obstacle
2. ^ Ministry of Culture and Communications of Quebec (2006). "Johan Beetz House, heritage real estate". Heritage directory cultural of Quebec. Retrieved 18 June 2024. Other name, Château Johan-Beetz
3. "Johan-Beetz Bay". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymie Quebec. 5 December 1968. Retrieved 19 June 2024. Johan-Beetz Bay is contiguous to Piashti Bay and is only separated from it by a point called Loizeau.
4. ^ "Baie-Johan-Beetz". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymie Quebec. 12 May 1968. Retrieved 15 June 2024. In 1996, the extension of Route 138 made it possible to connect this municipality to that of Havre-Saint-Pierre, and in doing so, to break its isolation.
5. ^ "Répertoire des municipalités: Geographic code 98035". www.mamh.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales et de l'Habitation. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
6. ^ "Baie-Johan-Beetz (Code 2498035) Census Profile". 2021 census. Government of Canada - Statistics Canada. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
7. "Time zones and daylight saving time". Gouvernement of Canada. 25 October 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2024. Canada, Time Zones and Daylight Saving Time usually have been regulated by provincial and territorial governments
8. ^ Heritage cultural of Quebec (2024). "Johan Beetz, biography". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Ministry of Culture and Communications of Quebec. Retrieved 29 June 2024. Beetz studied at the Catholic University of Louvain, where he received training in natural sciences, chemistry and human and veterinary medicine.
9. "Beetz Johan, Cultural Heritage". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Library and National Archives of Quebec. 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2024. His knowledge of medicine makes Beetz the village doctor. He offered free care and advice to residents and it was probably thanks to his prophylactic recommendations that Piastre Baie was spared the Spanish flu.
10. Paul Hinse (1 May 2012). "Fox breeding in Quebec" (PDF). John William Hopkins, The experiences of Johan Beetz (in French). pp. 15 of 40. Retrieved 20 June 2024. Beetz created a fox park considerable value valued at $300,000 in 1913
11. Christine Lebel (4 January 2020). "Johan Beetz (1874-1949), biography" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 20 June 2024. Director of the provincial vulpiculture service, he received the title of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine in 1936 Agricultural Science of the University of Montreal. He was also a co-founder of the Society Zoologique de Québec.
12. ^ "Watshishou - Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas of Canada - map" (PDF). IBA Birdlife. Cartographic production by Bird Studies Canada. March 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2024. The IBA Program is an international conservation initiative coordinated by Bird Life International
13. ^ "Pontbriand River - toponymy". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymy Quebec. 13 June 1997. Retrieved 1 July 2024. It receives the waters of Lake Caron and flows into Pontbriand Bay, hence its name.
14. "Jalobert Bay - toponymy". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymy Quebec. 5 December 1968. Retrieved 1 July 2024. Its name recalls the memory of Macé Jalobert, brother-in-law of Jacques Cartier, who accompanied the latter during his voyage of 1535-1536, as pilot and captain of the Petite Hermine.
15. ^ "Watshishou migratory bird sanctuary". Gouvernement of Canada. Environment and natural resources. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024. Double-crested cormorant, great black-backed gull, ring-billed gull, common tern, arctic tern, black guillemot, common loon, American black duck, red-breasted merganser, white-winged scoter, surf scoter, black scoter, semipalmated sandpiper and ruddy turnstone
16. "Migratory bird sanctuaries across Canada - Quebec". Gouvernement of Canada. Environment and natural resources. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024. The Watshishou Migratory Bird Sanctuary, located in Minganie, on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, was established in 1925 to protect seabird colonies in this important nesting area.
17. "Pontbriand Bay - Toponymy". Gouvernement of Quebec (in French). Commission Toponymy Quebec. 5 December 1968. Retrieved 4 July 2024. Recalls the memory of Claude de Pontbriand, son of the lord of Montcevelles and cupbearer of the Dauphin, member of Jacques Cartier's crew during his second voyage to Canada, in 1535
18. "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 4 February 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
19. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
20. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
21. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 20 August 2019.
22. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. 18 July 2021.
23. ^ 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
24. Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000, accessed 14 July 2010
25. Yves Bédard, biologist (1987). "Environmental impact study, extension of Route 138, Baie-Johan-Beetz section to the Watshishou River" (PDF). Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Quebec Ministry of Transport. pp. 17 of 50. Retrieved 22 June 2024. The sidewalks demonstrate a special adaptation of residents living in the austere environment of their part of the country
26. "Municipality of Johan-Beetz, Regulations 2020-12-07-07" (PDF) (in French). Urban plan. 7 December 2021. pp. 9 of 10. Retrieved 22 June 2024. Representing a characteristic specific to small communities on the North Shore, it is important to restore and highlight these wooden sidewalks.
27. "The Clarke Steamship Co Ltd" (PDF). 7 June 2014. pp. 41 of 74. Retrieved 17 May 2024. The North Shore service now sailed from Quebec every Tuesday at 9 am, serving no fewer than thirty locales, consisting of pulpwood ports, native villages, trading posts and fishing settlements,
28. Kevin Griffin (2013). "St. Lawrence saga: The Clarke Steamship story" (PDF). Retrieved 23 June 2024. The Clarke Steamship Company, whose ships plied the Gulf of St Lawrence for the best part of the 20th century
29. "Bellanger Lake, toponymy". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymy Quebec. 5 December 1968. Retrieved 23 June 2024. The Innu know this lake under the name Pepaukamau, "lake with several straits
30. "Veronique Lake, toponymy". Quebec Gouvernement (in French). Commission de Toponymy Quebec. 5 December 1968. Retrieved 23 June 2024. This lake, approximately 7 km long, is located approximately 70 km east of Havre-Saint-Pierre.
31. Gérald E. Cooper (1952). "Preliminary report on the Johan Beetz region (Eastern Half) cantons of Drucourt and Johan Beetz, Saguenay county" (PDF) (in French). Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources - Government of Quebec. pp. 4 of 12. Retrieved 23 June 2024. Village on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, located 440 miles downstream from the city of Quebec
32. Jean Dumont, archaeologist; Raymond Goulet, geomorphologist (June 1986). "Extension of Route 138 between Johan-Beetz Bay and the Pashashibou River" (PDF). Gouvernement of Quebec (in French). Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility, Directorate of the Transport. p. 97. Preliminary studies for the realization of the project construction of route 138 between Johan-Beetz Bay and the Pashashibou River, electoral district of Duplessis.

External links

• Official website

v t e Adjacent Municipal Subdivisions
Lac-Jérôme Havre-Saint-Pierre Baie-Johan-Beetz Aguanish Gulf of St. Lawrence (Jacques Cartier Strait) L'Île-d'Anticosti

v t e Minganie Regional County Municipality
Administrative units	Municipalities Aguanish Baie-Johan-Beetz Havre-Saint-Pierre L'Île-d'Anticosti Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan Natashquan Rivière-au-Tonnerre Rivière-Saint-Jean Unorganized territories Lac-Jérôme
Protected areas	Lake Auger Old Forest Lake Davy Old Forest Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve Nabisipi River Old Forest
Major river basins	Aguanish Chaloupe Corneille Jupitagon Little Watshishou Magpie Manitou Mingan Nabisipi Natashquan Ours Pashashibou Piashti Quetachou Romaine Saint-Jean Sheldrake Tonnerre Tortue Véronique Watshishou
Significant lakes	Brûlé Eudist Magpie Manitou
Transport infrastructure	Quebec Route 138 Chemin de fer de la Rivière Romaine
Regional county municipalities in Côte-Nord: Caniapiscau La Haute-Côte-Nord Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent Manicouagan Minganie Sept-Rivières Native reserves: Essipit La Romaine Lac-John Maliotenam (part of Uashat-Maliotenam) Matimekosh Mingan Nutashkuan Pessamit Uashat (part of Uashat-Maliotenam) Naskapi reserved territory: Kawawachikamach

• Municipalities in Quebec
• Incorporated places in Côte-Nord