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Babol Persian: بابل
City
Babol
Coordinates: 36°32′51″N 52°40′42″E / 36.54750°N 52.67833°E / 36.54750; 52.67833
Country	Iran
Province	Mazandaran
County	Babol
District	Central
Government
• Mayor	Shahin Kalantari Bengar
Area
• Total	32 km (12 sq mi)
Elevation	−2 up to 50 m (−6 to 150 ft)
Population
• Total	250,217
• Density	7,800/km (20,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3:30 (IRST)
Postal Code	48xxx-xxxxx
Area code	011
Vehicle Plate	IRAN ج72 , ج82 , ص82
Former Names	Barforoush / Mamatir
Website	www.babolcity.ir

Babol (Persian: بابل; pronunciation) is a city in the Central District of Babol County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Babol is divided into two metropolitan areas (under Iranian law).

History and etymology

Founded by the Safavids in the 16th century, it was built on the site of the ancient city of Mamtir (deriving from "Mah Mithra" "great Mithra). Mithra or 'The Mediator' was believed to be the savior of creation from the threat of darkness and the one who stands between the light of Ahura Mazda and the darkness of Ahriman. Babol was formerly called Barforushdeh (meaning Market Town) and Barforush afterwards. In 1931, the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty Reza Shah (1878-1944) ordered urban planning efforts to commence in the city and changed its name to Babol, which means city with abundant water supply.

Demographics

Language and ethnicity

Mazandarani people have a background in Tabari ethnicity and speak Mazandarni. Their origin goes back to the Tapuri people, who were forced to migrate to the south coast of the Caspian Sea during the Achaemenid dynasty.

The native people of Sari, Shahi, Babol, Amol, Nowshahr, Chalus, and Tonekabon are Mazandarani people and speak the Mazandarani language.

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 198,636 in 55,943 households. The following census in 2011 counted 219,467 people in 67,069 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 250,217 people in 81,572 households.

Babol is in the north of Iran, north-east of Tehran, between the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains and southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The city is one of the most important cities in the north of Iran, known as a regional center for education, trade, industry, and medical services.

Babol is a new name for the site of the ancient city of Mamatir, that then was named as Barforush. The city receives abundant rainfall. It is famous for its orange groves.

Geography

Location

The city is located approximately 20 kilometers south of the Caspian Sea on the west bank of Babolrud River and receives abundant annual rainfall. Babol borders Babolsar and Fereydunkenar to the north, Qaem Shahr and Shirgah District to the east, Savadkuh to the southeast, Firuzkuh to the South and Amol to the west. Babol University is famous for its spectacular scenery.

Climate

The Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa, Trewartha: Cs)

Economy

Commerce and trading are the backbone of the city's economy since it is the largest commercial center for Mazandaran province, partially due to its location at the center of the province and also the large population of villages around the city, making Babol county the most populated county in the province. Babol produces food and textiles — as well as other processed goods, including oranges, lemons, and tangerines. There are many rice farms around the city, and, until about 20 years ago, tea, tobacco, and cotton were processed.

The city is served by Refah Chain Stores Co., Iran Hyper Star, Isfahan City Center, Shahrvand Chain Stores Inc., Kowsar Market, Ofoq Kourosh chain store.

Transportation

Almost all of the city transportation is by car, buses and other road vehicles. Thus, Babol is highly dependent on the regional highway network which connects the city to Babolsar 10 km north, Amol 30 km west and Qaemshahr 15 km east. These are all new wide highways.

Babol has access to an airport 55 km away and to a train station 15 km away.

The ports of Fereydunkenar and Babolsar are both located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea with connection to other Caspian ports.

Colleges and universities

As the largest commercial center, the city of Babol also hosts large number of universities province. Universities include:

• Babol Noshirvani University of Technology The university is an influential center for academic research in Iran, due to which it has been consistently ranked among the top schools in the country. BNUT is currently ranked 1st among all Iranian universities according to Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings. THE has also ranked BNUT between 351st and 400th among world universities, 55th among the world's young universities, as well as 43rd among Asian universities.
• Babol University of Medical Sciences
• Mazandaran University of Science and Technology
• Educators University - Education Center Martyr Rajai Babol
• PNU - Babol Center
• PNU - Bandpey Unit
• Islamic Azad University - Babol Unit
• University of Applied Science - Babol Unit
• Babol Vocational College of Imam Sadiq
• Mazandaran Institute of Technology
• Rahedanesh Institute of Higher Education
• Tabari Institute of Higher Education
• Aryan Institute of Science and Technology
• Institute of Applied Science of Art and Culture - Unit 4 Of Babol
• Institute of Applied Science Technology Jahad Daneshgahi
• Institute of Applied Science -Unit Of Western Bandpey
• Vocational College of Sama - Babol Unit
• Vocational College of AzZahra - Babol Unit

Health centers and hotels

• Negin Hotel
• Reza Hotel
• Marjan Hotel
• Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital
• Babol Clinic
• Shahid Beheshti Hospital
• Fatemeh Al-Zahra Hospital
• Yahya Nejad Hospital
• 17 Shahrivar Hospital
• Mehregan Hospital

Industry

Major corporations

• Iran Khodro Mazandaran
• Babol Machine Mfg. & Ind
• MSco
• Khazar Khodro Babol.Co

Sports

Babol is home to the Iranian Basketball Super League team BEEM Mazandaran BC which plays in the city's Shahid Sojoodi Arena. BEEM also had a popular volleyball team in the Iranian Super League in 2008–2009. Now Babol have a 2 Team in wrestling, Bime Razi and Arash Zin. They have a popular football club, Khooneh Be Khooneh. Khooneh Be Khooneh play in the 1st division (after Premier League) in the Iranian system football. Babol was the host of Freestyle Wrestling Club World Cup in December 2018.

Landmarks

The ruins of Shah Abbas I's palace are located in the city. Mohammad Hassan Khan bridge is also one of the most ancient buildings of Mazandaran. It was built by the king Mohammad Hassan Khan Qajar, the ancestor of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar as the main road from Babol to Amol. Now it is known as the old road of Babol to Amol. Babol also contains Babol Noshirvani Park, the largest park including a playground located in the northern part of Iran, located in the vicinity of Caspian Sea. Babol is home to many important and intact forests and jungles, such as, Shiadeh, in south-east Babol.

Filband, a village near the northern Iranian city of Babol, is famous for its skies which are full of interconnected cumulus clouds, especially in springtime.

Historical and natural attractions

• Mohammad Hassan Khan bridge
• Babol Royal Palace
• Babol Museum
• Emamzadeh Ghasem
• Kazem Beik Mosque
• Watchtower
• Babol Jameh Mosque
• Mohaddesin Mosque
• Tekyeh Moghri Kola
• Sultan Mohammad Taher Tomb Tower
• Darvish Fakhr Al-Din Tomb
• Post Building
• Head University of Medical Sciences
• Ibn Shahr Ashub Tomb
• Sarast Tower
• Darvish Alam-bazi Tower
• Hasirforoshan Mosque
• Azroud Thermal Spring
• Babolroud
• Babolkenar Forest Park
• Historic homes Qajansb
• Aghajan Nasab House
• Osia House
• Najafi Mansion
• Sheikh Mousa Yaylak and Waterfall
• Kimoun Waterfall
• Shiadeh Dam
• Saghanefar Kija Tekyeh
• Porang High School
• Shiadeh Saghanefar
• Abuol Hasan Kola Saghanefar
• Mulana Mosque
• Tirkan Waterfall
• Haft Waterfall
• Filband Village
• Bandpey Village
• Pir Alam Tekyeh
• Moftakher ul-Mamalek Caravanserai
• Sadr Hawza
• Chahar Suq Mosque
• Lafoor Jungle
• Bagh-e Ferdows
• Noshirvani Park

Notable people

• Hossein Fallah Noshirvani (1902–1972) – philanthropist
• Shahrokh Meskoob (1924–2005) – academic and writer
• Alireza Mashaghi (born 1977) – scientist
• Ahmad Ghahreman (1928–2008) – botanist
• Farhad Rachidi (born 1962) – scientist
• Amir Pazevari (17th century) – poet
• Muhammad Ashrafi (1804–1898) – Shia Marja'
• Mohammad-Ali Barfrushi (1820–1849) – Babi leader
• Sheikh Mohammad Haeri Mazandarani (1960) – religious
• Zeinolabedin Haeri Mazandarani (1919–1996) – religious
• Ali Asghar Mazandarani (1826–1911) – cleric
• Karim Motamedi (born 1929) – minister
• Hassan Ghashghavi (born 1957) – ambassador
• Delkash (1924–2004) – singer
• Afshin (born 1978) – singer
• Maziar (1952–1997) – singer
• Hassan Anousheh (born 1945) – writer
• Zeinolabedin Rahnama (1893–1989) – writer
• Davoud Rashidi (1933–2016) – actor
• Tal'at Basari (born 1925) – feminist writer
• Mokarrameh Ghanbari (1928–2005) – painter
• Hamid Reza Chitgar (1949–1987) – politician
• Reza Salehi Amiri (born 1962) – politician
• Arya Aramnejad (born 1983) – singer
• Bijan Mortazavi (born 1957) – singer and musician
• Towhidi Tabari (born 1964) – artist
• Parviz Bahram (1933–2019) – dubber
• Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian (born 1981) – film director
• Parinaz Izadyar (born 1985) – actress
• Leyli Rashidi (born 1973) – actress
• Maryam Kavyani (born 1970) – actress
• Masoud Hedayatifard (born 1971) – scholar in fishery science
• Masih Alinejad (born 1976) – journalist
• Sohrab Entezari (born 1977) – football player
• Emam-Ali Habibi (born 1931) – wrestler
• Morteza Pouraliganji (born 1992) – football player
• Mehdi Kheiri (born 1983) – football player
• Hadi Norouzi (1985–2015) – football player
• Bashir Babajanzadeh (born 1989) – wrestler
• Sousan Hajipour (born 1990) – taekwondo practitioner
• Noshad Alamian (born 1991) – table tennis player
• Nima Alamian (born 1992) – table tennis player
• Mojtaba Mirzajanpour (born 1991) – volleyball player
• Alireza Firouzja (born 2003) – chess player

See also

• Babolsar
• Babolrud

Iran portal

Notes

1. Also romanized as Bābol; formerly known as Barfrouch; also known as "Orange Blossom City"

References

1. OpenStreetMap contributors (20 October 2024). "Babol, Babol County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 20 October 2024.
2. "Irna News". irna.ir (in Persian). Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
3. ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Mazandaran Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
4. Habibi, Hassan (c. 2024) . Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Subject Letter 3233.1.5.53; Notification 83346/T144K. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024 – via Lam ta Kam.
5. "شهرداری بابل". Babol Municipality (in Persian).
6. "Glottolog 4.8 - Mazanderani". glottolog.org. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
7. Borjian, Habib (2004). "Māzandarān: Language and People". Iran & the Caucasus. 8 (2). Brill: 291. doi:10.1163/1573384043076045. JSTOR 4030997.
8. "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. William Smith, LLD. London. Walton and Maberly, Upper Gower Street and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1854., TAPU´RI". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
9. Potts, Daniel (15 December 2021). Nomadism in Iran: From Antiquity to the Modern Era. Oxford University Press (published 2014). p. 110. ISBN 9780199330799.
10. Windfuhr, G. L. 1989. New Iranian languages: Overview. In Rüdiger Schmitt, ed., Compendium linguarum Iranicarum. Wiesbaden: L. Reichert. pp. 490.
11. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Mazandaran Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
12. Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Mazandaran Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.
13. Iranian Students' News Agency - ISNA |http://mazandaran.isna.ir/Default.aspx?NSID=5&SSLID=46&NID=18028
14. "Climate: Babol - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
15. "Babol: Climate Summary". Weatherbase. CantyMedia. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
16. "Babol, Iran MONTHLY - ALL WEATHER AVERAGES". Weatherbase. CantyMedia. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
17. "Bābol monthly weather averages". weather 2 visit. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
18. "Babol Noshirvani University of Technology". Times Higher Education (THE). 11 November 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
19. "Iran's Beauties in Photos: Scenic Village of Filband". IFPNews.com. 23 April 2018.

External links

• Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
• Views of Noshirvani Park Archived 20 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
• Ofoq kourosh

v t e Babol County
Capital	Babol
Districts	Central Cities Amirkola Babol Rural districts and villages Esbu Kola Ahangar Kola Ali Zamin Allah Rudbar Babaabad Buleh Kola Darvish Khak-e Bala Darvish Khak-e Pain Darzikola-ye Navshirvan Esbu Kola Hamzeh Kola-ye Shesh Pol Khorasan Mahalleh Mati Kola Neqarechi Mahalleh Now Shirvan Kola Qasab-e Amir Qasab-e Zalkan Qomi Kola Sadat Mahalleh Shasib Kola Sheykh Mahalleh Tir Kola Tork Mahalleh Feyziyeh Aghuzbon Bala Bisheh Sar Bandar Kola-ye Aghowzin Barik Kola Borji Kheyl-e Langur Buleh Kola-ye Marzunabad Chamaz Kola Dari Kandeh Darvish Khak-e Marzun Espi Kola-ye Ramnet Esterdikola Galleh Kola Gorjiabad Kabud Kola Kalhu Dasht-e Bala Kalhu Dasht-e Pain Kalmadan-e Naqib Kapur Chal Langur-e Bala Langur-e Pain Mahmudabad Mansur Kandeh Mashhadi Kola Mian Rud Muzigaleh Nakh Kola Pain Bisheh Sar Qaemiyeh Ramnet Shamshir Mahalleh Soleyman Kola Soltan Mohammad-e Taher Vali Asr Ganjafruz Alamdar Chareh Div Dasht Hari Kandeh Hatkeh Posht Mir Rud Posht Naqib Kola-ye Salas Pain Ganj Afruz Rowshanabad Siah Kala Mahalleh Taraji Kola Babol Kenar Cities Marzikola Rural districts and villages Babol Kenar Anarestan Bala Ganj Afruz Balef Kola-ye Sharqi Bez Cheft Chehreh Dard Kashet Darun Kola-ye Gharbi Darun Kola-ye Sharqi Darzi Mahalleh Feyzollahabad Fulad Kola Gavan Kola Gavzan Mahalleh Halidasht Marzy Koti Teyebi Mazdakati Ojak Pain Marznak Pitka Qoran Talar Rais Kola Seyyed Kola Shah Reza Gavzan Mahalleh Shir Dar Kola Siah Darka Talvat Deraz Kola Amir Kola Anjil Si Kabud Tabar Azarsi-ye Babal Konar Azarsi-ye Hoseyn Khanzadeh Azarsi-ye Nematollah Azarsi-ye Taskanu Balef Kola-ye Gharbi Binamaz Chahar Gol Ali Mohammad Chahar Shamin Chahar Si Abbasi Deraz Kola Hali Khal Hali Koti Jajan Kardar Kola Kari Kola Kebria Kola Khamand Khormakahn Shahrakhi Khvajeh Kola Kis Lamarun Mamerz Kan Mamerz Si Marat Shahr Mas Darreh Mian Talar Hoseyni Nukajar Rig Cheshmeh Sarsareh Shal Bakasht Vali Tirkan Viarsareh Vuli Koti Yakshub Bandpey-e Gharbi Cities Khush Rudpey Rural districts and villages Khvosh Rud Afrasiab Kola Anjilak Azarkal Azarsi Hattem Azarsi Bala Bowra Bala Valik Chaq-e Firuzjai Diva Molkshah Diva Omran Diznu Dowlat Rud Bar Fereydun Kola Filband Gateh-ye Now Kam Kola Karat Si Kardgar Kola Kardi Kola Kash Masi Kashir Mahalleh Kharabeh Khvoshrud Pey Kis Lamsu Kola-ye Gharbi Maji Koti Mask Mian Bura Mian Darreh Moqri Kola Muzi Koti Narenjlu Owmal-e Estad Ahmad Owmal-e Shakrollah Palang Darreh Panbeh Jar Pari Kola Pazmin Pink Pul Adasi Sang Rud Pey Savatsi Aqalar Savatsi Gol Chub Savatsi Shiadeh Sefid Tur-e Bala Sefid Tur-e Pain Shahneh Poshteh Hajji Mehdi Shiadeh Sadat Mahalleh Shiadeh-e Bala Talika Tirangsi Toska Valik Takht Shahidabad Boz Rud Pey Firuzabad Kahar Kenar-e Keshtali Kelagar Mahalleh Moallem Kola Mowmenabad Pat Rud Pey Qanbarzadeh Salehdar Kola Shahidabad Shaneh Tarash Shub Kola Yazdanabad Bandpey-e Sharqi Cities Galugah Rural districts and villages Firuzjah Abbas Kola Afra Koti Ari Azrudsar Bis Koti Chal Sarun Espiar-e Molk Fek Firuz Ja-ye Sabet Gariveh Gavzan Mahalleh Kash Pey Khaland Khalil Kola Khoriun Khvajeh Kola Kiun Kola Gar Sara Lamsu Kola Mian Kasiady Mian Talak Own Kenar Pahn Kesh Pey Chalak Pit Sareh Riku Sama Gush Mahalleh Sarjah Kola Shamiran Sheykh Musa Shur Kesh Sir Bagh Sowilam Tarsu va Sibarun Valikan Vatileh Zarbut Sajjadrud Ab Bandan Nonush Afra Gardan Afra Koti-ye Mir Ali Tabar Afrabon-e Do Afrasi Aghuzchal Ahmad Kola Akhmen Al Darreh Ali Zarnu Amir Deh Anjil-e Si-ye Yek Arka Azaran Azarsi Azarsi-ye Sadollah Baharestan Bandbon Bandbon-e Kabud Tabar Batlim Chafa Chaharsi Chal Raz Chasorka Cheh Sar Cheshmeh Sar Choft Sar Deh Char Deraz Kesh Diafeh Edmola Emamzadeh Abbas Emamzadeh Reza Esbu Falka Faram Lek Faram Rudbar Hajji Sadeq Firuzabad Ganj Kola-ye Bala Ganj Kola-ye Pain Gord Rudbar Gory Mahalleh Hali Bon Hali Koti Hashtari Henduri Jalirud Kamal Chub Sar Kamiun Kanslu Karbon Karistu Kashi Kola Kati Sar Kelagar Mahalleh Khartusi Khunkah Zarzameh Kis Kola Shakank Kord Mahalleh Kuh Pareh Kuhpayeh Sara Lapar Ali Baba Mohammadi Larjar Gardan Lateh Laysah Ledar Lengeh Ley Talar Liarden Lis Koti Lisi Marat-e Balkarun Mianak Mir Molk Namiun Anjil Si-ye Chahar Narges Koti Narivaran-e Gharbi Narivaran-e Sharqi Nasieh Otaq Sar Palangeli Parchim Kesh Parminav Shamiun Pink-e Asgarian Pink-e Bala Pulak Rud Pey Pust Kola Qaleh Rafy Bon Rostam Kola Rud Bar-e Firuz Ja Sang Rizeh Sang Si-ye Do Seyyed Nezam ol Din Shahr Rahim Shahrbon Shalikesh Amirqoli Surat Tahamtan Kola Tanha Kola Tashun Tirag Bon Valik Vavali Galleh Vavali Gardan Vishgun Zarija Zarivaran Zavar Deh Zavarak Gatab Cities Gatab Rural districts and villages Gatab-e Jonubi (South Gatab) Abu ol Hasan Kola Afra Kati va Lu Kola Ahangar Kola Bala Marzbal Bala Marznak Bala Mir Kola Bala Seyyed Kola Bil Pey-e Abu ol Hasan Kola Chub Bast Gavan Kola Kartich Kola Kharrat Kola Mashhad Sara Otaq Sara Pain Marzbal Pain Seyyed Kola Sar Hammam-e Abu ol Hasan Valu Kola Yur Mahalleh Gatab-e Shomali (North Gatab) Armak Bala Serest Bengar Kola Chenar Bon-e Keshteli Darzikola-ye Akhund-e Baba Darzikola-ye Akhundi-ye Bala Darzikola-ye Akhundi-ye Pain Darzikola-ye Nasirai Delavar Kola Dun Sar Gol Chub Hajji Kola Kafshgar Kola Kaseman Kola Kelagar Mahalleh Meydan Sar-e Keshteli Molla Mahalleh Najjar Kola Pain Mahalleh-ye Keshteli Pain Mir Kola Pain Serest Sarun Kheyl Seyyed Kola Shir Savar Showb Mahalleh Surben Tari Kola Yursiah-e Kola Mahalleh Zafaran Kola Zita Kola Lalehabad Cities Zargar Rural districts and villages Karipey Aliabad Aminabad Andi Kola Archi Ard Kola Asb-e Shur Pey Bala Keru Kola Barsemnan Basra-ye Bala Basra-ye Pain Biji Kola Bisheh Mahalleh Chamazin Darzi Kola-ye Bozorg Darzi Kola-ye Karim Kola Darzi Kola-ye Kuchek Dehak Gardanbori-ye Olya Gardanbori-ye Sofla Hajji Kola Halal Kola Kalanga Kamangar Karun Kati Sar Kerfu Kola Khalil Kola Khardun Kola Lotfaliabad Marzbal Masir Mahalleh Matekeh Miandasteh Monas Kola Navai Kola Ney Kola Nomudar Kola Now Dehak Pahnavar Pain Karu Kola Pija Kola Qadi Kola Rah Kola Sangchi Sarun Mahalleh Shahid Abdollah Shareh Shariat Kola Shariat Kola-ye Karim Kola Taj ol Dowleh-ye Muziraj Tajanak Taligaran Tari Mahalleh Tavakkol-e Karim Kola Toghan Lalehabad Aktij Kola Allah Chal Aqa Molk Babalkan-e Olya Babalkan-e Sofla Bala Ahmad Chaleh Pey Bala Bazyar Chenar Bon Darzi Kola-ye Aqa Shafi Davud Kola-ye Estaneh Sar Delavar Kola Garmich Geleh Mahalleh Hamzeh Reza Kazem Beyki Kharji Kola Khatib Laluk Mehdiabad Mozaffar Kola Pain Ahmad Chaleh Pey Pain Bazyar Pari Kola Qassab Kola-ye Miandeh Rangraz Kola Rekaj Teraqechi Kola Varmatun Zahed Kola

• Cities in Mazandaran province
• Populated places in Babol County