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Battle of Saločiai (1794)

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(Redirected from Battle of Saločiai 1794) 1794 battle of the Kościuszko Uprising
Battle of Saločiai
Part of the Kościuszko Uprising

Tadeusz Brodowski Kosynier
Date29 July 1794
LocationSaločiai, Lithuania
Result Polish-Lithuanian victory
Belligerents
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
(Kościuszko's rebels)		 Russia Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Romuald Giedroyć Russia Sergey Golitsyn
Strength
Approximately 600
4 cannons		 2,500–3,000
11 guns
Casualties and losses
Light Heavy

Battle of Saločiai was a battle fought during the Kościuszko Uprising on July 29, 1794, between the troops of General Prince Romuald Giedroyć and the Russian troops of Prince Sergei Fedorovich Golitsyn.

Battle

Early in the morning, after four o'clock, the insurgents came across the Russians in formation, who, trusting in their numerical superiority, began to attack. The Lithuanians greeted the enemy infantry with a massive and very effective artillery fire, which embarrassed the overconfident Russians.

Then, for almost four hours, an exchange of artillery fire was conducted. The Lithuanian artillerymen showed better training, because they blew up two of the enemy's ammunition wagons while losing only one. General Giedroyć pushed his entire infantry into the attack, including pikemen and scythemen. This unexpected attack completely discouraged the Russians, who, having formed a square, began to withdraw from the square.

This retreat assured Giedroyc of the possibility of completely crushing the enemy. Staking everything on one card, the general pushed his cavalry to the rear of the Russians, and once again threw the infantry supported by artillery fire to the side of the square. The violent attack led to the breaking of the square and the panicky escape of the Russians. The retreat ended only beyond the Musa River , in which many soldiers drowned. Giedroyc was content with collecting weapons, ammunition and a large amount of equipment from the battlefield. Only the recovery of the Russian cannons and ammunition wagons sunk in the retreat had to be postponed, as they were protected by fire from the opposite bank.

The battle of Saločiai demonstrated the great determination and bravery of the insurgent army, which, despite being several times superior in men and firearms, defeated the regular tsarist troops.

References

  1. Michaud, Louis Gabriel (1838). "Giedroyc". Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne (in French). Vol. 65. Paris: Imprimerie de Paul Dupont et Cie. p. 322.
  2. Jasas, Rimantas (2021). "Romualdas Giedraitis". Vle.lt (in Lithuanian). Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. Archived from the original on 8 October 2021.
  3. Andrzej Zahorski (1960). Wypisy źródłowe do historii polskiej sztuki wojennej. Polska sztuka wojenna w okresie powstania kościuszkowskiego (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej.
  4. Bolesław Twardowski (1894). Wojsko Polskie Kościuszki w roku 1794 (in Polish). Poznan: Księgarnia Katolicka.

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