The Beethoven Quartet (Russian: Струнный квартет имени Бетховена, Strunnyĭ kvartet imeni Betkhovena) was a string quartet founded between 1922 and 1923 by graduates of the Moscow Conservatory: violinists Dmitri Tsyganov and Vasily Shirinsky, violist Vadim Borisovsky and cellist Sergei Shirinsky (half brother of Vasily). In 1931, they changed their name from the Moscow Conservatory Quartet to the Beethoven Quartet.
From 1938, it collaborated closely with the composer Dmitri Shostakovich and premiered thirteen of his fifteen string quartets, Nos. 2 through 14. He dedicated his third and fifth quartets to the Beethoven Quartet, while later quartets were dedicated individually to the members: Quartet No. 11 to the memory of Vasily Shirinsky, Quartet No. 12 to Tsyganov, Quartet No. 13 to Borisovsky, and Quartet No. 14 to Sergei Shirinsky.
Fyodor Druzhinin took over from Borisovsky in 1964, giving a runthrough of the ninth quartet with the rest of the group. Sergei Shirinsky died during rehearsals of Shostakovich's fifteenth quartet. In 1977, final founding member and first violinist Dmitri Tsyganov departed and was replaced by Oleh Krysa. The group disbanded in 1987.
Personnel
Dates indicate the years of activity.
- Violin I
- Dmitri Tsyganov [ru] (1923–1977)
- Oleh Krysa (1977–1990)
- Violin II
- Vasily Shirinsky [ru] (1923–1965)
- Nikolai Zabavnikov (1965–1990)
- Viola
- Vadim Borisovsky (1923–1964)
- Fyodor Druzhinin (1964–1988)
- Mikhail Kugel (1988–1990)
- Cello
- Sergei Shirinsky [ru] (1923–1974), alternative spelling: Sergey
- Yevgeny Altman, alternative spellings: Evgeny Altman or Al'tman
- Valentin Feigin [ru]
- Urmas Tammik [ru] (1988–1990)
References
- Lesser, Wendy (2011). Music for Silenced Voices: Shostakovich and His Fifteen Quartets. Yale University Press.
Vasily's father had died shortly after he was born, and his mother, an accomplished Viennese pianist, soon married Shirinsky, who gave his last name to her infant son. Sergei was born a few years later.
- ^ Scribner, Bart. "La Folia Review of Doremi Release of Beethoven Quartet Recordings of Shostakovich Quartets". Archived from the original on 20 November 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-15.
- ^ Fay, Laurel (2000). Shostakovich: A Life. Oxford University Press. pp. 151, 183, 257, 359 (list of premieres), 380. ISBN 0-19-518251-0.
- "Rijen Shostakovich Page". Archived from the original on 30 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-15. list of works by Shostakovich, with dedications where available, to consolidate this information in one place.
- "Fuguemasters Shostakovich Page". Archived from the original on 2007-12-20. Retrieved 2007-10-15.
- Jaffé, Daniel. Historical Dictionary of Russian Music. p. 58.
...the ensemble finally disbanded in 1987
- Cummings, Robert. "Artist Biography by Robert Cummings". Allmusic. Retrieved 6 January 2015.