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Bailleul, Nord

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Commune in Hauts-de-France, France
Bailleul Belle
Commune
Market place and belfry of BailleulMarket place and belfry of Bailleul
Flag of BailleulFlagCoat of arms of BailleulCoat of arms
Location of Bailleul
Bailleul is located in FranceBailleulBailleulShow map of FranceBailleul is located in Hauts-de-FranceBailleulBailleulShow map of Hauts-de-France
Coordinates: 50°44′21″N 2°44′00″E / 50.7392°N 2.7333°E / 50.7392; 2.7333
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentNord
ArrondissementDunkerque
CantonBailleul
IntercommunalityCC Flandre Intérieure
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Antony Gautier
Area43.42 km (16.76 sq mi)
Population14,869
 • Density340/km (890/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code59043 /59270
Elevation14–86 m (46–282 ft)
(avg. 44 m or 144 ft)
French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Bailleul (French pronunciation: [bajœl] ; Belle in Dutch) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is located in French Flanders, 3 km (2 mi) from the Belgian border and 26 km (16 mi) northwest of Lille.

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 11,576—    
1800 8,944−3.62%
1806 9,222+0.51%
1821 9,475+0.18%
1831 9,823+0.36%
1836 9,911+0.18%
1841 9,923+0.02%
1846 10,141+0.44%
1851 10,078−0.12%
1856 10,108+0.06%
1861 10,102−0.01%
1866 12,896+5.00%
1872 12,828−0.09%
1876 12,968+0.27%
1881 12,712−0.40%
1886 13,335+0.96%
1891 13,276−0.09%
1896 13,449+0.26%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 13,530+0.12%
1906 13,573+0.06%
1911 13,251−0.48%
1921 6,651−6.66%
1926 8,545+5.14%
1931 9,691+2.55%
1936 10,928+2.43%
1946 11,352+0.38%
1954 11,964+0.66%
1962 12,583+0.63%
1968 13,077+0.64%
1975 13,474+0.43%
1982 13,400−0.08%
1990 13,847+0.41%
1999 14,146+0.24%
2007 13,496−0.59%
2012 14,564+1.53%
2017 14,769+0.28%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017)

Heraldry

Arms of Bailleul
Arms of Bailleul
 The arms of Bailleul are blazoned:
Gules, a cross vair.



Media

Bailleul is the birthplace of French filmmaker Bruno Dumont and served as the setting for his first two feature films. This area is also a setting in the Timothy Findley book The Wars.

Points of interest

The city hall and belfry of Bailleul was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005 as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France site, in recognition of their importance in the rise of municipal power in Europe.

The Jardin des Plantes Sauvages du Conservatoire botanique national de Bailleul is a botanical garden of protected plants. Over 850 species of native plants are found in the garden.

History

In 1526, Flanders fell to the Spanish Netherlands by the Treaty of Madrid. Under the reign of Philip II, the first religious problems arose between Flanders and Spain.

In the 17th century, Flanders was a permanent battlefield. Louis XIV reconquered Flanders. As a result, Bailleul reverted to France in 1678.

With the Treaty of Utrecht, Flanders and with it Bailleul fell to Austria in 1713, before both finally passed to France in 1745 after the Battle of Fontenoy and the Treaty of Aachen. Numerous fires marked the history of the city.

From the 17th to the 19th century, the bobbin lace craft developed in Bailleul. (La Maison de la Dentelle bobbin lace museum), a craft for which the town is still known far beyond its borders.

Bailleul in 1918

During First World War, the area around Bailleul was at times heavily affected by the heavy fighting that German and Allied troops engaged in around the nearby Belgian town of Ypres. When German troops used chlorine gas against the Allied troops near Wulverghem (municipality of Heuvelland, Belgium) on 30 April 1916 over a front length of 3.2 kilometres, the resulting toxic gas cloud extended as far as Bailleul. During the German Spring Offensive in Operation Georgette from 13 April 1918, Bailleul with its old Flemish Town Centre was more than 90 percent destroyed. After the severe destruction of the First World War, the town was rebuilt in the Neo-Flemish style during the 20th century. A typical example of the architectural style, which was widespread throughout Flanders, is the town hall of 1932 with its bell tower.

Railways

Bailleul has a railway station on the line from Lille to Calais and Dunkirk.

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Bailleul is twinned with:

  • Germany Werne, Germany, since 1967
  • Scotland Hawick, Scotland, United Kingdom, since 1973
  • Belgium Izegem, Belgium, since 1992
  • Germany Kyritz, Germany, since 2012
  • Poland Wałcz, Poland, since 2015

Personalities

See also

References

  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. INSEE commune file
  4. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Bailleul, EHESS (in French).
  5. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. "Belfries of Belgium and France". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
  7. "Jumelages". ville-bailleul.fr (in French). Bailleul. Retrieved 21 November 2019.

External links

Communes of the Nord department
Categories: