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Betty Bausch-Polak

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Dutch Holocaust survivor (1919–2024)

Betty Bausch-Polak
Born(1919-11-04)4 November 1919
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Died8 November 2024(2024-11-08) (aged 105)
Occupation(s)Holocaust survivor and Resistance member

Betty Bausch-Polak (4 November 1919 – 8 November 2024) was a Dutch Jewish survivor of the Holocaust and an active member of the Resistance. She traveled internationally to deliver lectures on the perils of racial discrimination and prejudice.

Early life

Polak was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in Amsterdam, on 4 November 1919. From a young age, she recognized the dangers posed by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis and actively protested against them. She aspired to migrate to the Palestine Mandate and therefore undertook agricultural training. In 1939, she married Philip de Leeuw, a Jewish economist who was serving as a section commander of a border battalion in Dinxperlo at the time.

World War II

At an early age, she recognized the threat posed by Adolf Hitler and actively opposed it. In 1939, she wed the Jewish economist, Philip de Leeuw. During World War II, they made unsuccessful attempts to escape to England by ship. Subsequently, De Leeuw was executed in retaliation. Her parents, in-laws, and sister perished in different concentration camps.

References

  1. Gröschler, Änne (7 August 2020). Aus dieser schweren Zeit: Eine Jüdin aus Jever berichtet über ihre Verfolgung durch die Nationalsozialisten und ihre Rettung durch den "Transport 222" vom KZ Bergen-Belsen 1944 nach Palästina (in German). Fuego. ISBN 978-3-86287-228-2.
  2. Göbel, Esther (14 February 2012). Een hemel zonder vogels (in Dutch). Uitgeverij Balans. ISBN 978-94-6003-512-8.
  3. van der Woude, A. M. (1 January 1983), "Het Milieu", Het Noorderkwartier, BRILL, pp. 19–60, doi:10.1163/9789004613546_006, ISBN 978-90-04-61354-6, retrieved 28 November 2024
  4. "Indexen". archief.amsterdam. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  5. "Holocaust-overlevende Betty Bausch-Polak (105) overleden". RD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  6. "Dutch Holocaust survivor tells what her blue eyes have seen". www.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  7. https://onlinemuseumdebilt.nl/wp-content/uploads/L.J.TH-van-Vlodorp-Herdenkingsmonument-bij-Jagtlust-en-Het-kruis-op-de-berg-Een-tragedie.pdf
  8. "Copie, |van twee missiven, geschreven, by de steden, Kampen en Zwol, aen die van Deventer; raeckende de behoorlijcke presentatie der voornoemde steden". Dutch Pamphlets Online. doi:10.1163/2214-8264_dutchpamphlets-kb0-kb08872. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  9. "29 Holocaust & Genocide Stud. 515 (2015) Recently Published Works in Holocaust and Genocide Studies". heinonline.org. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  10. "Holocaust-overlevende Betty Bausch-Polak (105) overleden". Retrieved 28 November 2024.
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