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Borujerd Persian: بروجرد
City
Top: Grand yard of Sultani mosque, Middle: Outlook of Zagros Mountains, Bottom left: Eftekhar-al-Eslam old house, Bottom right: the statute of Arash the Archer
Borujerd
Coordinates: 33°54′40″N 48°45′08″E / 33.91111°N 48.75222°E / 33.91111; 48.75222
Country	Iran
Province	Lorestan
County	Borujerd
District	Central
Area
• Total	43 km (17 sq mi)
Elevation	1,573 m (5,161 ft)
Population
• Total	234,497
• Density	5,500/km (14,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+03:30 (IRST)
Area code	(+98) 66

Borujerd (Persian: بروجرد; [boɾuːˈdʒeɾd]) is a city in the Central District of Borujerd County, Lorestan province in western Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Among the existing modern cities in Iran, Borujerd is one of the oldest reported at least since the 9th century. In Sassanid Empire, Borujerd was a small town and region neighboring Nahavand. Gaining more attention during Great Seljuq Empire in the 9th and 10th centuries, Borujerd stood as an industrial, commercial and strategic city in Zagros Mountains until the 20th century. In its golden ages, Borujerd was selected as the state capital of Lorestan and Khuzestan region during Qajar dynasty in the 18th and 19th centuries. Due to the existence of a large number of production and industrial units and the supply of their products in the domestic and foreign markets, Borujerd is considered the industrial hub of Lorestan province.

Foundation and name

The history of Borujerd before the advent of Islam is not well known. Parthian-era artifacts have been discovered in its environs by non-professional excavators. Moreover, one of Iran's oldest mosques, the Jameh Mosque of Borujerd, was constructed on the remains of a Zoroastrian fire temple. This proves that the region was populated before Islam arrived. The Parthian king Orodes II (r. 57–37 BC) is credited by some academics with laying the city's foundation. They believe that "Borujerd" stems from the Middle Persian word Wurūgird/Wulūgird/Orodhkard, meaning "built by Orodes." Others consider it to have been built by the Sasanian king Peroz I (r. 459–484), arguing that "Piruzgird" was its original name, before being changed into "Burugird", and then later Arabicised into "Burujird".

History

Only from the 9th-century does the name "Borujerd" appear in Islamic chronicles. It first appears in the Kitāb al-buldān of Ibn al-Faqih (fl. 903), and is later reported in various forms, such as "Warukird", "Warugird", "Barugird" and "Barujird".

Esteemed religious institutions operated in Borujerd during the Qajar era, producing two distinguished Shia scholars, Asad Allah Borujerdi (died c. 1854) and Hossein Borujerdi (died 1961).

Demographics

Language

The linguistic composition of the city:

Population

Borujerd is the 31st largest city in Iran and the 2nd largest in Lorestan . Borujerd is the industrial point of Lorestan. Its historical and cultural background as well as its remarkable nature, has changed it to a tourist destination. The city has been named as Dār-Al-Sorur which means the house of happiness. Borujerd's population was estimated about 20000 in mid-1800s.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 334,497 in 59,388 households. The following census in 2011 counted 240,654 people in 71,730 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 234,997 people in 74,146 households.

Geography and climate

Location

Borujerd city is located approximately 1670 meters above sea level and has a moderate climate with cold winters. The highest point is Garrin Mountain 3623 m above sea level and the lowest area is Gelerood River in South with 1400 m elevation. Borujerd Township has 2600 km area with approximately 400,000 inhabitants distributed in the city of Oshtorinan and more than 180 villages. Owing to favorable topographic and climatic conditions, the plains are devoted to cultivation of grain. Wherever irrigation is possible (by means of qanāts, wells, diversion of water of streams), cotton, melons, grapes, and fruit trees (especially almonds) are grown.

Borujerd is located on Silakhor Plain which is the largest agricultural land of Lorestan. The high-elevated Zagros Mountains surrounds it from South East to North West and the peaks are covered with snow most of the times. Rural people work in farms or keep their domestic animals. Other people work in governmental offices, armed forces, factories or small local businesses. The feet of Zagros Mountains is a great destination for nomads and many Lurs and Bakhtiari nomads move there in summer. The area is paved with highways and is a crossroad between Tehran and Khuzestan Province as well as Isfahan Province and Kermanshah Province.

Climate

Borujerd's climate is classified as Mediterranean(Köppen: Csa) with dry and very hot summers and cold winters. Most of the precipitation falls in colder months from November to April. Snowfall can be observed in winter, which can sometimes become heavy and cause school closures in the county. Road access to villages can also be disturbed because of snow.

Historical attractions

• Jameh Mosque of Borujerd
• Soltani Mosque of Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Ja'far, Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Ghasem, Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Ibrahim, Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Shahzadeh Abol-Hasan, Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Vallian, Borujerd
• Imamzadeh Ghasem, Borujerd
• Zavvarian Tomb of Borujerd
• Ghaleh Hatam Bridge, Borujerd
• Chalanchulan Bridge, Borujerd
• Ghorogh Hill, Borujerd
• Roomian Hill, Borujerd
• Bazaar of Borujerd

Parks and natural attractions

• Goldasht Valley, Borujerd
• Vennaii Village, Borujerd
• Chogha Hill of Borujerd
• Bishe Dalan Pound, Borujerd
• Oshtorankuh, Dorood
• Women's Park of Borujerd

Notable people

• Hossein Borujerdi, religious leader
• Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, writer and historian
• Loris Tjeknavorian, musician
• Zahra Rahnavard, artist and politician
• Mostafa Abdollahi, director and actor
• Jafar Shahidi, historian and bibliographer
• Mehrdad Avesta, poet 20th-century
• Arvin Moazzami, athlete
• Moḥammad Mahdi Baḥr al-Ulūm, mystic
• Ahmad Khatami, professor
• Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, athlete
• Mahvash, singer, dancer and stage performer
• Ehsan Rouzbahani, athlete
• Mohammad Boroujerdi, commander
• Ali Abdo, athlete
• Saman Salur, film director
• Reza Beiranvand, athlete
• Iraj Rad, actor
• Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, athlete
• Mahmoud Saremi, reporter
• Abdolmohammad Ayati, author and field of philosophy
• Mir Shamsuddin Adib-Soltani, philosopher
• Mohammad Hanif, writer
• Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, pharmacologist
• Mahmoud Khatami, philosopher
• Bahram Ghasemi, diplomat
• Asadullah Boroujerdi, prominent
• Abolghasem Khazali, shi'i cleric
• Farnaz Esmaeilzadeh, speed climber
• Shahram Entekhabi, video and installation artist
• Salar Abdoh, novelist
• Hossein Kazemeyni Boroujerdi, twelver Shi'i
• Ahmad Moballeghi, professor
• Ehsan Mohajer Shojaei, middle-distance running

Gallery

• Fadak Park
• Yadbood Square.
• Soltani Mosque (18th century)
• Goldasht Valley.
• Imamzadeh Ja'far (11th century)
• Qale Hatam Bridge
• Jameh Mosque.
• Countryside of Borujerd.
• Borujerd View of Takhti street.
• Borujerd downtown

See also

• 1909 Borujerd earthquake
• 2006 Borujerd earthquake
• Borujerdi dialect

Media related to Borujerd at Wikimedia Commons

Borujerd travel guide from Wikivoyage

Notes

1. Also romanized as Borūjerd

References

1. OpenStreetMap contributors (23 August 2023). "Borujerd, Borujerd County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 23 August 2023.
2. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 15. Archived from the original (Excel) on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
3. ^ Mobayyen 2021.
4. "Language distribution: individual languages and language families". Iran Atlas. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
5. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 15. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
6. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 15. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
7. Eckart Ehlers, “Borujerd”, Encyclopaedia Iranica. 1989
8. "Borujerd Snowfall". roozhayeborujerd (in Persian). Borujerd Times. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
9. "Form 5: Average of mean daily temperature in C. Station: Brujerd(40774)". chaharmahalmet. IRIMO. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
10. "Form 25: Monthly total of precipitation in mm. Station: Broujerd(40774)". Chaharmahalmet (asp). I.R. of Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 23 January 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

Sources

• Mobayyen, Abolhasan (2021). "Burūjird". In Madelung, Wilferd; Daftary, Farhad (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica Online. Brill Online. ISSN 1875-9831.

External links

• Borujerd Information Portal
• Encyclopedia of the Orient Archived 2010-12-16 at the Wayback Machine

v t e Lorestan province, Iran
Capital	Khorramabad
Counties and cities	Aligudarz County Aligudarz Azna County Azna Momenabad Borujerd County Borujerd Oshtorinan Delfan County Nurabad Dorud County Dorud Chalanchulan Dowreh County Sarab-e Dowreh Veysian Khorramabad County Khorramabad Bayranshahr Sepiddasht Zagheh Kuhdasht County Kuhdasht Chaqabol Darb-e Gonbad Garab Kunani Pol-e Dokhtar County Pol-e Dokhtar Mamulan Rumeshkan County Chaqabol Selseleh County Aleshtar Firuzabad
Sights	Falak-ol-Aflak Castle Gerdab-e Sangi Keeyow Lake Brick Minaret Imamzadeh Ja'far Soltani Mosque Jameh Mosque Women's Park of Borujerd Yafteh Nojian Waterfall Bisheh Waterfall Gerit Waterfall Imamzadeh Do Baradaran Shapuri Bridge Kashkan Bridge Zardabeh Lagoon Gahar Lake Sheneh Castle Rahmanabad Sasanian Palace Gosheh Caravansary
populated places	List of cities, towns and villages in Lorestan Province

v t e Borujerd County
Capital: Borujerd
Districts	Central Cities Borujerd Rural Districts and villages Darreh Seydi Aqai Balut Beyg Chapdar Darreh Morad Darreh Naqdi Darreh Seydi Deh Tushmal Dehgah Dorudgaran Dow Dangeh Fakhrabad-e Olya Hajjiabad Janbolaq Kalan Kalleh Kushk Malekabad Maru Qaleh-ye Mohammad Zia Qapanvari Sang-e Sefid Sar Chaqa Sirinjeh Tappeh Mowla Zavarijan Hemmatabad Ab Sardeh-ye Alai Aileh Badeh Bazgir Boz Hal Buryabaf Cham Seyyedi-ye Olya Cham Seyyedi-ye Sofla Cham Seyyedi-ye Vosta Chenarestan Darreh Chapi Duran Darreh Falak od Din Fial Goldasht Hajjiabad Hemmatabad Jahanabad Kalateh Absardeh Kapargah Karkhaneh-ye Hakim Kartabad Keyvareh Nasirabad Pelkan-e Olya Pelkan-e Sofla Qaleh Now-ye Hakim Qaleh-ye Absardeh Qaleh-ye Hatam Qaleh-ye Shamsi Rah Band-e Olya Rah Band-e Sofla Rezaabad Sarab-e Panbeh School of Technology, Hemmatabad Shah Viran-e Bala Shah Viran-e Pain Shamsabad Sheykh Miri-ye Kalhor Sheykh Miri-ye Sadat Shisheh Tang-e Loreh Valashan Vazirabad Zereshgeh Shirvan Ab Dar Abbasabad Agricultural Institute, Borujerd Alkabad Asad Khani Bardbol Besri Boz-e Azna Chegini Kosh Cheshmeh Kabud Darb-e Astaneh Khalid Ebn Ali Darreh Bidad-e Olya Darreh Bidad-e Sofla Darreh Kabud Darti Deh Sefid Deh Sorkheh Deliabad Dinarabad Eslamabad Ganjineh Garrison Engineering Center, Borujerd Gonarvand Gusheh-ye Mohsen Ebn-e Ali Industrial Sector, Borujerd Kahriz Kapar Judaki Karvaneh Keydan Khan Amir Khayan Khvoabad Korkor Nel Khvast-e Olya Pa Pulak Pir Sharif Qaleh Now-ye Showkati Qaleh Shekar Qarah Su Qoroq Rahimabad Sar Tappeh Sar Tappeh Sarab-e Zarem Shirvan Sinabad Tabarijan Taheriabad Tang-e Mohammad Haji Tanjur Ud-e Molla Vajihabad Valian Zarem Valanjerd Bardbol Bichun-e Pain Darreh Zagheh-ye Bala Deh Kord Deh Now-ye Moqaddasi Deh-e Sheykhan Gijali-ye Bala Gijali-ye Pain Hezar Jerib Hirab Kabutarlan Qaleh-ye Mirza Ali Qaleh-ye Samur Khan Qeshlaq Valanjerd Zeynali Oshtorinan Cities Oshtorinan Rural Districts and villages Bardesareh Aliabad Angoshteh Asgharabad Bardeh Sareh Chaqabol Deh Riz Fathabad Jafarabad Jujeh Heydar Magasan-e Olya Nabiabad Rezaabad Shab Mah Gudarzi Amirabad Barakatabad Bondizeh Chahar Barreh Golchehran Kafshgiran Karkikhan Kheshtianak Malmijan Qaed Taher Takdarkhat Tudeh Zan Vanai Oshtorinan Bayatan Bid Kalmeh Darreh Garm Deh Now Deh-e Torkan Deh-e Yusof Ali Gand Ab Gol Zard Gondal Gilan Kamareh-ye Bala Kushki-ye Olya Kushki-ye Sofla Liqenab Qaleh Kazem Shahrak-e Shahid Moḩammad-e Borujerdi

• Populated places in Borujerd County
• Cities in Lorestan province