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Bostobe Formation
Stratigraphic range: Santonian-early Campanian ~85 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Geological formation
Underlies	Akzhar Formation
Overlies	Zhirkindek Formation
Thickness	About 45 m (148 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Other	Claystone
Location
Coordinates	45°54′N 64°42′E / 45.9°N 64.7°E / 45.9; 64.7
Approximate paleocoordinates	38°42′N 58°00′E / 38.7°N 58.0°E / 38.7; 58.0
Region	Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda
Country	Kazakhstan
Type section
Named for	Bostobe River
Bostobe Formation (Kazakhstan)

The Bostobe Formation (Kazakh: Boztóbe svıtasy) is a geological formation in Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda, Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to early Campanian stages, approximately 85 Ma).

The sandstones and claystones of the formation were deposited in estuarine, fluvial-lacustrine and fluvial-deltaic environments.

Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The formation is about 45 metres (148 ft) thick and consists primarily of clay with interbeds of sand, representing an estuarine environment.

Fossil content

Khunnuchelys lophorhothon, a trionychid turtle recovered from the formation, was initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. Lophorhothon sp.

Mammals

• Beleutinus orlovi
• Zhalmouzia bazhanovi
• Parazhelestes sp.

Ankylosaurs

• Ankylosauridae indet.

Ornithopods

• Aralosaurus tuberiferus
• Arstanosaurus akkurganensis
• Batyrosaurus rozhdestvenskyi

Sauropods

• Opisthocoelicaudiinae Indet.
• Titanosauridae indet.
• Sauropoda indet.

Theropods

• Caenagnathidae indet.
• Troodontidae indet.
• Therizinosauria indet.
• Ornithomimidae indet.
• Tyrannosauroidea indet.

Pterosaurs

• Aralazhdarcho bostobensis
• Samrukia nessovi

Turtles

• Adocus foveatus
• Anatolemys maximus
• Khunnuchelys lophorhothon
• Lindholmemys gravis
• Shachemys baibolatica
• Trionyx kansaiensis, T. onomatoplokos, T. riabinini

Other reptiles

• Bishara backa

Amphibians

• Anura indet.
• Eoscapherpeton

Fish

• Gobiates sp.

Flora

• Ulmaceae indet.

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
• List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kazakhstan
• Bissekty Formation
• Madygen Formation
• Karabastau Formation
• Kugitang Svita

References

1. Weishampel et al. , 2004, pp.593-600
2. Kordikova et al., 2001
3. ^ Danilov et al., 2014
4. Averianov et al., 2014b
5. Averianov et al., 2014a
6. ^ Averianov, 2016
7. Averianov, 2004

Bibliography

• Averianov, A (2016), "Frontal bones of non-avian theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-?Campanian) Bostobe Formation of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan", Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 53 (2): 168–175, Bibcode:2016CaJES..53..168A, doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0099, retrieved 2020-03-23
• Danilov, Igor G.; Vitek, Natasha S.; Averianov, Alexander O.; Glinskiy, Vadim N. (2015), "A new softshelled trionychid turtle of the genus Khunnuchelys from the Upper Cretaceous Bostobe Formation of Kazakhstan", Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 60: 155–161, doi:10.4202/app.2013.0045, retrieved 2020-03-23
• Averianov, A.O.; Archibald, J.D.; Skutschas, P.P.; Dyke, G.J. (2014a), "New mammal remains from the Late Cretaceous Bostobe Formation (northeast Aral Sea Region, Kazakhstan)" (PDF), Palaeoworld, 23 (3–4): 314–320, doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2014.10.009, retrieved 2020-03-23
• Averianov, A.; Archibald, J.D.; Dyke, G.J. (2014b), "A new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan", Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 59: 537–542, retrieved 2020-03-23
• Averianov, A.O (2004), "New Data on Cretaceous Flying Reptiles (Pterosauria) of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan", Paleontological Journal, 38: 426–436
• Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (2004), The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 1–880, ISBN 0-520-24209-2, retrieved 2019-02-21
• Kordikova, E.G.; Polly, P.D.; Alifanov, V.A.; Roček, Z.; Gunnell, G.F.; Averianov, A.O. (2001), "Small vertebrates from the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan" (PDF), Journal of Paleontology, 75 (2): 390–400, doi:10.1017/S0022336000018187, ISSN 0022-3360

Further reading

• A. O. Averianov. 2007. Theropod dinosaurs from Late Cretaceous deposits in the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Cretaceous Research 28:532-544
• E. G. Kordikova, S. M. Kurzanov, and G. F. Gunnell. 1997. Unusual dinosaur claw phalanxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Morphology 232(3):278
• L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii . Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1–156
• L. A. Nessov. 1988. Late Mesozoic amphibians and lizards of Soviet Middle Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31(14):475-486
• L. A. Nessov. 1984. Data on late Mesozoic turtles from the USSR. Studia Geologica Salamanticensia, vol. especial 1 (Studia Palaeocheloniologica I) 1:215-223
• L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii . In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91–92
• A. K. Rozhdestvensky. 1964. Novye dannye o mestonakhozhdeniyakh dinozavrov na territorii Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii . Tashkentskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Nauchnye Trudy: Geologiya 234:227-241

• Geologic formations of Kazakhstan
• Upper Cretaceous Series of Asia
• Cretaceous Kazakhstan
• Campanian Stage
• Santonian Stage
• Sandstone formations
• Shale formations
• Deltaic deposits
• Fluvial deposits
• Lacustrine deposits
• Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of Asia
• Paleontology in Kazakhstan
• Geography of Karaganda Region
• Kyzylorda Region