Brocklesby Hall | |
---|---|
The hall from the air | |
Type | Country house |
Location | Brocklesby, Lincolnshire |
Coordinates | 53°35′11″N 0°17′00″W / 53.5865°N 0.2834°W / 53.5865; -0.2834 |
Built for | Earl of Yarborough |
Current use | Private estate |
Website | Brocklesby Estate |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Brocklesby Hall |
Designated | 25 October 1951 |
Reference no. | 1359800 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Holgate Monument |
Designated | 1 November 1966 |
Reference no. | 1063417 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Hunt kennels and house |
Designated | 1 November 1966 |
Reference no. | 1166049 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | The Hermitage |
Designated | 24 January 1985 |
Reference no. | 1063418 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Mausoleum, wall and screen |
Designated | 25 October 1951 |
Reference no. | 1063361 |
National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens | |
Official name | Brocklesby Park |
Designated | 24 June 1985 |
Reference no. | 1000971 |
Location of Brocklesby Hall in Lincolnshire |
Brocklesby Hall is a country house near to the village of Brocklesby in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The house is a Grade I listed building and the surrounding park is listed, also at Grade I, on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England.
History
The 27,000 acre (113 square kilometre) Brocklesby Park estate has been in the possession of the Pelham family since the 16th century. A cadet branch of the Sussex Pelhams, Charles Pelham (c. 1679 – 1763) inherited the Brocklesby Estate from his father, and further land from his uncle. Between 1708 and 1730, he extensively remodelled an earlier house on the site. His great-nephew, Charles Anderson-Pelham (1749 – 1823), one of the richest commoners in England, was elevated to the peerage as first Baron Yarborough. His heir, also Charles (1781 – 1846), was created Earl of Yarborough in 1837. The father engaged Charles Heathcote Tatham to make extensions to the house, and Jeffry Wyatville drew up plans for a grandiose expansion. These were not carried forward but James Wyatt did undertake some work on the estate, including the kennels and the mausoleum to Sophia Aufrere, Charles' wife, who died in 1786. Charles Anderson-Pelham also employed Capability Brown to remodel the grounds, and Brown's work included the Newsham Bridge, to the north of the estate.
In 1898, following a disastrous fire at the house, Reginald Blomfield undertook a major reconstruction, but most of his external work was removed in a drastic remodelling and reduction of the house by Claude Phillimore in 1957-1958. The hall remains the private home of the Earls of Yarborough and is not open to the public.
Architecture and description
Nicholas Antram, in his Lincolnshire volume of the Pevsner Buildings of England series, revised and reissued in 2002, notes that the architectural history of the hall is complex. The combined efforts of Charles Tatham, Jeffry Wyatville and James Wyatt are hard to disentangle. William Burn also made contributions in the later 19th century, but much was destroyed, externally and internally, in the fire of 1898. Sir Reginald Blomfield undertook a "meticulous" reconstruction, but most of this work was later removed by Claude Phillimore. The present house is a large rectangular block in red brick, with a nine bay, three-storey façade. This is a remodelling of the west wing of the original house. A one-storey wing, a picture gallery designed by Tatham, remains to the side. Phillimore created a new entrance in the angle of the main block and this gallery. Antram considers it, "the least successful part of work" at Brocklesby.
The stable block has a turret clock by John Harrison, an early example of a wooden clock dating from c.1722.
Historic listing designations
Brocklesby Hall is a Grade I listed building. Its park is listed, also at Grade I, on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England. The estate contains a large number of listed structures, over 30 in total, including seven at the highest Grade I listing. Those buildings listed at Grades I or at II* are listed below.
Name | Location | Photograph | Date | Notes | Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brocklesby Hall | Brocklesby | 18th - 20th centuries | For the Earl of Yarborough | I | |
Holgate Monument | South-east of the house | 1785 | By James Wyatt for the 1st Baron Yarborough, to commemorate a friend, George Holgate. | I | |
Hunt kennels and house | South-east of the house | 1810 | By James Wyatt to house the hounds of the Brocklesby Hunt. | I | |
Church of All Saints | South-east of the house | 14th century | The estate church. | I | |
Newsham Bridge | North of the house | 1772 | By Capability Brown | I | |
The Hermitage | South of the house | Late 18th century | A garden house constructed of roots. | I | |
Mausoleum, wall and screen | South of the house | 1793 | By James Wyatt for Charles Anderson-Pelham in memory of Sophia, his wife. She is commemorated inside with a statue by Joseph Nollekens. | I | |
Newsham Lodge | North of the house | c.1800 | Possibly by Jeffry Wyatville. | II* | |
Main stable block | North-east of the house | Late 17th/early 18th century | Brick-built courtyard. | II* | |
Gateway to house | North-east of the house | Elaborate gateway with gatepiers attributed to James Wyatt. | II* | ||
Orangery | North-west of the house | 18th century | Attributed to Charles Heathcote Tatham. | II* | |
Conservatory | South-west of the house | 1785 | Attributed to James Wyatt | II* | |
Garden Urn | West of the house | Late 18th century | Probably by James Wyatt | II* | |
Arabella Aufrere Temple | South of the house | 1787 | Probably by James Wyatt. | II* |
Notes
- Jeffry Wyatville envisaged the construction of a huge Neoclassical palace on a three-court plan. He donated his plans and perspectives to the Royal Academy in 1824, where they remain.
- The Orangery contains a collection of Classical sculpture, moved from Appuldurcombe House, a property on the Isle of Wight which the Pelhams sold in 1855.
References
- "Pelham, Charles (c.1679-1763), of Brocklesby, Lincs". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- ^ Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, pp. 188–192.
- "Anderson Pelham, Charles (1749-1823), of Brocklesby, Lincs". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Anderson Pelham, Charles (1781-1846), of Manby in Broughton, Lincs". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Design for a Mansion for the First Earl of Yarborough, Brocklesby Park, Lincolnshire: aerial perspective, 1824". Royal Academy of Arts. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ Historic England. "Brocklesby Hall (Grade I) (1359800)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Brocklesby, Lincolnshire". Brocklesby Estate. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Brocklesby Park". Parks & Gardens UK. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- "Brocklesby Park (Brocklesby Hall)". Retrieved Sep 25, 2024.
- "The Harrison Timekeepers H1, H2, H3 and H4". Redfern Animation. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Brocklesby Park (Grade I) (1000971)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Listed buildings in Brocklesby, West Lindsey, Lincolnshire". British Listed Buildings Online. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Listed buildings in Great Limber, West Lindsey, Lincolnshire". British Listed Buildings Online. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Holgate Monument (Grade I) (1063417)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Hunt kennels and house (Grade I) (1166049)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Church of All Saints (Grade I) (1165503)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Newsham Bridge (Grade I) (1063419)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "The Hermitage (Grade I) (1063418)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- "Pelham Mausoleum". Mausolea and Monuments Trust. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Newsham Lodge (Grade II*) (1166070)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Main Stable Block (Grade II*) (1063413)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Gateway to house (Grade II*) (1165475)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "The Orangery (Grade II*) (1317308)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "The Conservatory (Grade II*) (1063409)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Garden Urn (Grade II*) (1165456)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
- Historic England. "Arabella Aufrere Temple (Grade II*) (1166061)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
Sources
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Harris, John; Antram, Nicholas (2002). Lincolnshire. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09620-8.