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Butyl propionate

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Butyl ester of propionic acid
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Butyl propionate
Butyl propionate, an ester of butanol and propionic acid
Names
IUPAC name Butyl propionate
Systematic IUPAC name Butyl propanoate
Other names
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.791 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 209-669-5
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • UE8245000
UN number 1914
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C7H14O2/c1-3-5-6-9-7(8)4-2/h3-6H2,1-2H3Key: BTMVHUNTONAYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
  • CCCCOC(=O)CC
Properties
Chemical formula CH3CH2COO(CH2)3CH3
Molar mass 130.187 g·mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Pear drops, apple, strawberry, earthy, faintly sweet
Density 0.8754 g/cm
Melting point −89 °C (−128 °F; 184 K)
Boiling point 146.8 °C (296.2 °F; 419.9 K)
Solubility in water 1.5 mg/mL at 20 °C (poor)
Solubility Miscible with alcohol, ether
log P 2.314
Vapor pressure 0.589 kPa
0.38 kPa at 20 °C
Refractive index (nD) 1.4014
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards Very flammable
GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS02: Flammable
Signal word Warning
Hazard statements H226
Precautionary statements P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501
Flash point 90 °F (32 °C)
Autoignition
temperature 		425 °C (797 °F)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
  • 5000 mg/kg (oral, rat)
  • >5000 mg/kg (skin, rabbit)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references
Chemical compound

Butyl propionate is a butyl ester of propionic acid. This ester has the chemical formula CH3CH2COO(CH2)3CH3.

Occurrence in nature

Butyl propionate is a plant metabolite, a human metabolite and an insect attractant. Butyl propionate is a natural ester found in Armenian apricot.

Preparation

Butyl propionate is derived by esterification of propionic acid with butanol.

CH3CH2COOH + CH3(CH2)3OH ⇌ CH3CH2COO(CH2)3CH3 + H2O

Properties

Butyl propionate is a colorless liquid with a pear drops-like or apple-like odor. The liquid is less dense than water. Its vapor is 4.5 times denser than the air at the mean ocean level.

Uses

Butyl propionate is used to make fragrances, perfumes and as a flavoring. It is also used in paints and primers for auto body or engine, appliance coatings (paints designed specifically for painting household items and vehicles like microwave ovens, refrigerators and automobiles), enamels, lacquers, and printing inks, as a solvent for adhesives and nitrocellulose, and in polymerization reactions for acrylic resins.

Hazards and toxicity

Butyl propionate may irritate skin and eyes. Exposure to its vapor may cause eye and respiratory system irritation. Upon ingestion, causes abdominal pain and nausea. This chemical is very flammable. It may ignite even at ambient temperatures. Above 32 °C (90 °F), explosive mixtures with air may be formed. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a violent reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite this chemical and the reaction products. Upon catching a fire, irritating, toxic and suffocating gases may be produced, such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

References

  1. ^ "Butyl propionate".
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