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Kho

Bò kho
Type	Stew
Place of origin	Vietnam
Region or state	South East Asia
Associated cuisine	Vietnamese and Cambodian cuisine
Main ingredients	Sugar, water or coconut juice, fish sauce, soy sauce, and aromatics

Kho (chữ Nôm: 庫, meaning "to braise", "to stew", or "to simmer") is a traditional Vietnamese cooking technique where a protein source such as fish, shrimp, poultry, pork, beef, or fried tofu is simmered on low or medium heat in a mixture of sugar, water, or a water substitute such as young coconut juice and seasoned with fish sauce or soy sauce and aromatics such as pepper, garlic, shallots, and ginger. The resulting dish is salty and savory, and meant to be eaten with rice noodles, baguettes, or steamed rice.

Particular dishes

In Vietnamese, beef stew is called bò kho or thịt bò kho and fish stew is called cá kho or cá kho tộ (tộ referring to the clay pot in which the dish is cooked). The style of cooking, particularly caramelizing fish in a clay pot is considered very old. For fish stew, catfish is preferred, particularly in Southern Vietnam. Chicken stew, called gà kho or gà kho gừng (gừng meaning "ginger"), is less popular. Vegetarian stew may also be prepared.

• Thịt lợn kho
• Cá kho
• Gà kho
• Thịt kho tàu
• Kuyteav khor ko

Popularity

It is known as kha (Khmer: ខ) in Cambodia and is a borrowed loanword from kho.

See also

• Brining
• Jorim
• List of stews
• Food portal

References

1. "The Taste of Tet; It wouldn't be the New Year without kho, the ultimate Vietnamese comfort food", by Andrea Q. Nguyen
2. Nguyen, Sylvia (13 November 2023). "The Art of "Kho"". Nguyen Food Stall. Retrieved 13 November 2024. Kho is a traditional Vietnamese cooking method.
3. Chau, Giao (24 November 2020). "How to make kho — the ultimate Vietnamese comfort food". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 4 August 2021. For the uninitiated, kho is a Vietnamese cooking technique and category of dishes in which a main ingredient is simmered in a caramel sauce, seasoned with fish sauce or soy sauce and aromatics such as pepper, garlic, shallots and ginger. .
4. Eusebio, Michelle S.; Campos, Fredeliza Z. (19 January 2024). "The Ethnoarchaeology of Restaurants in Southern Vietnam: Fish Stew Culinary Practices and Organic Residues in Earthenware Cooking Pots". Ethnoarchaeology: 1–23. doi:10.1080/19442890.2024.2303794.
5. Pou, Saveros (1992). "Khmer Cuisine Vocabulary" (PDF). Kambodschanische Kultur. 4. Berlin: 343–353. Among the above listed verbs, only a few turn out to be loanwords. Kha "to stew in soy- or fish-sauce" could be ascribed to vt. (Vietnamese) kho.
6. Goldberg, Lina (22 December 2019). "30 Cambodian foods every visitor needs to try". CNN. Retrieved 4 August 2021. The word kha refers to a style of cooking in Cambodia in which palm sugar is caramelized into a sticky syrup, then used as the base of the dish.

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Fat-based	High heat Basting Blackening Browning Frying Deep frying Pan frying Shallow frying Stir frying Sautéing Low heat Gentle frying Sweating
Mixed medium	Carryover cooking Barbecuing Braising Caramelization Deglazing Flambé Fricassee Indirect grilling/Plank cooking Stir frying (chao)
Device-based	Air frying Microwaving Pressure cooking Pressure frying Slow cooker Thermal cooking
Non-heat	Aging Brining Burying in ground Curing Drying Fermenting Juicing Pickling Purée Salting Souring
See also	List of cooking appliances List of cooking vessels Outdoor cooking Food preparation Food preservation Food safety
Category

v t e Vietnamese cuisine
Rice/Xôi dishes	Bánh chưng Bánh tét Cháo Cơm bình dân Cơm cháy Ninh Bình Cơm hến Cơm gà Quảng Nam Cơm lam Cơm nắm Cơm tấm Xôi
Noodles	Bánh canh Bánh ướt Bánh đa cua Bún bò Huế Bún cá Bún chả Bún chả cá Bún đậu mắm tôm Bún mắm Bún mắm cua Bún mọc Bún ốc Bún riêu Bún thang Bún thịt nướng Cao lầu Hủ tiếu Mì Mì Quảng Miến Phở Phở khô Gia Lai
Staples	Cá kho Cá khô Canh chua Chả Chả trứng Dồi Dưa muối Giò lụa Giò thủ Rau muống xào tỏi Ruốc Thịt kho tàu
Salads/rolls/rice paper	Bánh cuốn Bánh ướt Bò bía Bò nướng lá lốt Gỏi cuốn Nem chua Nộm (Nộm hoa chuối · Nộm sứa)
Beverages	Bia hơi Chanh muối Cơm rượu Egg soda Rượu cần Rượu đế Rượu nếp Rượu rắn Rượu thuốc Sugarcane juice Vietnamese egg coffee Vietnamese iced coffee
Condiments/sauces	Basil Crispy fried shallot Fig leaves Kinh giới Mắm nêm Mắm ruốc Mắm tép Mắm tôm Mẻ Nước mắm Rau răm Rice paddy herb Scallion Tía tô Tương đen Xì dầu
Bánh (cakes/breads)	Bánh bao bánh vạc Bánh bèo Bánh bò Bánh bột chiên Bánh bột lọc Bánh cáy Bánh căn Bánh chay Bánh chuối Bánh chưng Bánh cốm Bánh dày Bánh da lợn Bánh đa nướng Bánh đa kê Bánh đậu xanh Bánh đúc Bánh ép Bánh gai Bánh giầy Bánh gio Bánh giò Bánh gối Bánh hỏi Bánh in Bánh ít (Bánh ít dừa · Bánh ít trần) Bánh khảo Bánh khoai mì Bánh khọt Bánh khúc Bánh lá Bánh lọt Bánh mật Bánh mì Bánh nậm Pâté chaud Bánh pía Bánh phu thê Bánh quai vạc Bánh rán Bánh tằm khoai mì Bánh tẻ Bánh tôm Hồ Tây Bánh tráng Bánh tráng nướng Bánh trôi Bánh chay Bánh xèo
Desserts/snacks	Beef jerky Chè Chè bà ba Chè đậu trắng Chè đậu xanh Chè hạt sen Chè trôi nước Kẹo cu đơ Ô mai Pumpkin seeds Sunflower seeds Watermelon seeds
Street food	Bánh mì Bánh rế Chuối nếp nướng Nem nướng Snail Trứng vịt lộn Phá lấu Bánh tráng trộn
Ethnic minorities' food & drinks	Rượu Tà-vạt (Katu people) Bánh sừng trâu (Katu people) Bánh cống (Khmer Krom) Bánh thốt nốt (Khmer Krom) Bún nước lèo (Khmer Krom) Bún xiêm lo (Khmer Krom) Cốm dẹp (Khmer Krom) Cơm nị (Khmer Krom) Ọm chiếl (Khmer Krom) Ò sui (Yao people) Khâu nhục (Tày people) Bánh gừng (Cham people) Tung lamaow/tung lò mò (Cham people) Pa pỉnh tộp (Thái people) Nặm pịa (Thái people) Thắng cố (Hmong people)
Others	Bird's nest soup Bò 7 món Bột sắn Chả giò Chạo tôm Chả cá Lã Vọng Dog meat Fishcake Gạch Gỏi lá Kon Tum Gỏi nhệch Tiết canh Quẩy
Cooking appliances	Lò trấu Hoàng Cầm stove Niêu đất Chõ
Vietnam portal Food portal  Category: Vietnamese cuisine

v t e Cambodian cuisine
Individual dishes	Bai pong moan Bay sach chruk Beef lok lak Bok trop pgnon Chanang Cha kroeung Chha kh'nhei Chha trob Prahok ktis Kampot Pepper Crab Khor sach chrouk Kha Khor cheung chrouk Khmom ang Kola noodles Phahut Samlor kako Samlor ktis Samlor machu Samlor prahal Sngao mreah Sngor ngam ngov Stir-fried morning glory Trei boeng kanh chhet
Curries	Fish amok Num banhchok Kari sach moan Saraman curry
Salads	Neorm svay Pleah sach ko Neorm trasak Neorm masour Neorm kroch thlong Larb
Sauces, spices and flavourings	Fish sauce (Kampot fish sauce) Kroeung Prahok Kapi Tamarind sauce
Desserts, snacks and pastries	Banh chao Bey dom neib Cha houy teuk Chek ktis Kralan Nataing Num ansom Nom chak chol Num chak kachan Num chak chan Num chek chien Num kreab Num krok Num pang Num pom Sankya lapov Poat dot Trei ngeat ovlek Vawee
Beverages	Angkor Beer Green tea Longan wine Palm wine Rice wine (Sra peang) Sugarcane juice
Cambodian Chinese dishes	Babor Banh chaneouk Bai cha Kuyteav Lort cha Mee katang Mee kiev Naem chien Num kachai Num kroch Num kom Num pang chen Num pao Num pia Num por pia Siev mai Yao hon
Category: Cambodian cuisine

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• Stews
• Salted foods