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Cartosat-1

Cartosat-1 satellite
Names	IRS-P5 Indian Remote Sensing Satellite-P5
Mission type	Earth observation
Operator	NTRO
COSPAR ID	2005-017A
SATCAT no.	28649
Website	https://www.isro.gov.in/
Mission duration	5 years (planned) 14 years (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	IRS-P5
Bus	IRS-1
Manufacturer	Indian Space Research Organisation
Launch mass	1,560 kg (3,440 lb)
Power	1100 watts
Start of mission
Launch date	5 May 2005, 04:44:00 UTC
Rocket	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C6)
Launch site	Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Second Launch Pad (SLP)
Contractor	ISRO
Entered service	August 2005
End of mission
Deactivated	5 May 2019
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit
Regime	Sun-synchronous orbit
Perigee altitude	620 km (390 mi)
Apogee altitude	622 km (386 mi)
Inclination	97.87°
Period	97.1 minutes
Instruments PAN Panchromatic Camera
Earth observation satellites series← Resourcesat-1Cartosat-2 →

Cartosat-1 (formerly IRS-P5) is a stereoscopic Earth observation satellite in a Sun-synchronous orbit, and the first one of the Cartosat series of satellites. The eleventh satellite of ISRO in Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) series. The satellite was launched by Indian Space Research Organisation and is operated by NTRO. Weighing around 1560 kg at launch, its applications will mainly be towards cartography in India.

Launch

It was launched by PSLV-C6, on 5 May 2005 at 04:44:00 UTC from the newly built Second Launch Pad at Sriharikota. Images from the satellite will be available from GeoEye for worldwide distribution. The satellite covers the entire globe in 1867 orbits on a 126-day cycle. Adjacent paths are covered by a separation of eleven days.

History

Department of Space (DOS), government of India, has launched a series of satellites for Earth's resource management and monitoring. These satellites have been very successful in providing data in various scales ranging from 1:1 million to 1:12,500 scale. Each of the Indian Remote Sensing satellite missions ensured data continuity while introducing improvements in the spatial, spectral and radiometric resolutions. Considering increase demand for large scale and topographic mapping data DOS launched the Cartosat-1 in 2005. Cartosat-1 is dedicated to stereo viewing for large scale mapping and terrain modelling.

Specifications

Payload

Cartosat-1 carries two state-of-the-art panchromatic (PAN) cameras that take black and white stereoscopic pictures of the Earth in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The swath covered by these high resolution PAN cameras is 30 km and their spatial resolution is 2.5 metres. For acquire two images simultaneously, one forward (PAN FORE) looking at +26° and one aft (PAN AFT) of the satellite at -5° for near instantaneous stereo data. The time difference between the acquisitions of the same scene by the two cameras is about 52 seconds. The spacecraft body is steerable to compensate the Earth rotation effect and to force both fore and aft cameras to look at the same ground strip when operated in stereo mode. The cameras are mounted on the satellite in such a way that near simultaneous imaging of the same area from two different angles is possible. This facilitates the generation of accurate three-dimensional maps. The cameras are steerable across the direction of the satellite's movement to facilitate the imaging of an area more frequently.

Communications

The images taken by Cartosat-1 cameras are compressed, encrypted, formatted and transmitted to the ground stations. The images are reconstructed from the data received at the ground stations. The National Remote Sensing Centre is responsible for acquisition, processing of data relayed by the Cartosat-1. A spherical Phased Array Antenna with steerable beam is used to transmit the data to the required ground station. A solid state recorder with 120 Gb capacity to store about 9 minutes of payload data is available for global operation of the payloads. The stored images can be transmitted when the satellite comes within the visibility zone of a ground station.

Optics and detectors

Each Panchromatic camera consists of three 3 mirror off-axis all reflective telescope with primary, secondary and tertiary mirrors. These mirrors are made from special zerodur glass blanks and are light weighted to about 60%. These mirrors are polished to an accuracy of l/80 and are coated with enhanced aluminium oxide (AlO₂) coating. In order to meet the high resolution and the swath requirement a 12K, 7 μm linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) is used as a detector.

Imaging capabilities

Spatial resolution

• 2.5 m panchromatic band (0.5-0.85 μm)

Temporal resolution

The revisit rate for Cartosat-1 is five days.

Radiometric resolution

The sensor collects data with a 10-bit sensitivity.

Swath

30 km (PAN-F) and 25 km (PAN-A)

See also

• List of Indian satellites

References

1. "IRS P5 (Cartosat 1)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
2. ^ "Cartosat-1". ISRO. 5 May 2005. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
3. ^ "Trajectory: Cartosat-1 2005-017A". NASA. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
4. ^ "PSLV C6/IRS-P5/HAMSAT Mission Brochure" (PDF). ISRO. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
5. "Cartosat-1". World Meteorological Organization. 3 January 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
6. "PSLV-C6 launched from Sriharikota". The Economic Times. India. 5 May 2005. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
7. ^ "Cartosat-1". Archived from the original on 29 August 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
8. ^ Indian Remote Sensing Satellite Cartosat-1: Technical features and data products

External links

• Cartosat-1 website Archived 31 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine

v t e Indian spacecraft
List of Indian satellites List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches List of ISRO missions
Satellites	Communication CMS 01 02 GSAT 1 2 3 (EDUSAT) 4 5P 6 6A 7 7A 8 9 (South Asia Satellite) 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 29 30 31 HAMSAT INSAT 1A 1B 1C 1D 2A 2B 2C 2D 2DT 2E 3A 3B 3C 3D 3DR 3DS 3E 4A 4B 4C 4CR 4E 4F 4G Planned: GSAT 20 22 23 24 Earth observation Bhaskara I II Cartosat 1 2 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 3 EMISAT EOS 1 2 4 7 8 HySIS IMS-1 IRS 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E P1 P2 P3 Megha-Tropiques Microsat Microsat-R Oceansat 1 2 Resourcesat 1 2 RISAT 1 2 2B 2BR1 Rohini RS-D1 RS-D2 SARAL SCATSAT-1 Technology Experiment Satellite (TESS) Planned: NISAR GISAT Oceansat-3 Resourcesat-3 RISAT-1A Experimental APPLE Aryabhata Rohini RS-1 Rohini Technology Payload (RTP) Navigation IRNSS 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 1G 1I NVS-01 Student satellites ANUSAT Jugnu SRMSAT StudSat StudSat-2 YouthSat Pratham
Space probes	Scientific SROSS A B C C2 Astronomical Astrosat Aditya-L1 XPoSat AstroSat-2 (planned) Lunar programme Chandrayaan-1 Moon Impact Probe Chandrayaan-2 Vikram Pragyan Chandrayaan-3 Vikram Pragyan Lunar Polar Exploration Mission Chandrayaan-4 Chandrayaan-5 Chandrayaan-6 Interplanetary Mars Orbiter Mission Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (planned) Venus Orbiter Mission (planned)
Human spaceflight	Indian Human Spaceflight Programme SRE-1 SRE-II SRE-III Gaganyaan CARE Bharatiya Antariksha Station
Future spacecraft in italics.

v t e Indian space programme
Department of Space (DoS)
Organisations	Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Antrix Corporation Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU) Integrated Space Cell Defence Space Agency Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN–SPACe)
Programmes	Bhaskara GAGAN GSAT INSAT IRNSS IRS Cartosat RISAT Rohini SROSS Chandrayaan Human Spaceflight Programme
Satellites	APPLE Aryabhata HAMSAT IMS-1 Megha-Tropiques NISAR SARAL South Asia Satellite Kalpana-1
Space observatories	Astrosat Aditya-L1 XPoSat AstroSat-2 (proposed)
Lunar and planetary spacecraft	Chandrayaan-1 Moon Impact Probe Chandrayaan-2 Vikram lander Pragyan rover Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander Pragyan rover Chandrayaan-4 (upcoming) Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (proposed) Mars Orbiter Mission Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (proposed) Venus Orbiter Mission (proposed)
Human spaceflight	Indian human spaceflight programme SRE-1 SRE-II Gaganyaan CARE ISRO Space Station (proposed)
Launch vehicles	Active Orbital PSLV Launches GSLV Launches LVM3 SSLV Launches Suborbital Rohini ATV In development RLV Technology Demonstration Programme NGLV Retired SLV ASLV
Engines	Active CE-7.5 CE-20 Vikas In development SCE-200
Spaceports	Satish Dhawan Space Centre Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station under development Kulasekharapatnam Spaceport
Research facilities	Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre U R Rao Satellite Centre Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre ISRO Propulsion Complex Space Applications Centre ISRO Inertial Systems Unit Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems Human Space Flight Centre Development and Educational Communication Unit
Communications	Indian Deep Space Network Indian Space Science Data Centre ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network Master Control Facility National Remote Sensing Centre
Legislation and policy	Space Activities Bill
Private companies	Pixxel Skyroot Aerospace Satellize AgniKul Cosmos Dhruva Space Bellatrix Aerospace TeamIndus
Related	National Space Day SAGA-220 (supercomputer) Statio Shiv Shakti RESPOND
List of Indian satellites List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches List of ISRO missions List of ISRO chairpersons

• Cartosat
• Spacecraft launched in 2005
• Spacecraft launched by PSLV rockets