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The CHASE domain is an extracellular protein domain, which is found in transmembrane receptor from bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants. It has been named CHASE (Cyclases/Histidine kinases Associated Sensory Extracellular) because of its presence in diverse receptor-like proteins with histidine kinase and nucleotide cyclase domains. The CHASE domain is 200-230 amino acids long and always occurs N-terminally in extracellular or periplasmic locations, followed by an intracellular tail housing diverse enzymatic signalling domains such as histidine kinase, adenyl cyclase, GGDEF-type nucleotide cyclase and EAL-type phosphodiesterase domains, as well as non-enzymatic domains such PAS, GAF, phosphohistidine and response regulatory domains. The CHASE domain is predicted to bind diverse low molecular weight ligands, such as the cytokinin-like adenine derivatives or peptides, and mediate signal transduction through the respective receptors.

The CHASE domain has a predicted alpha+beta fold, with two extended alpha helices on both boundaries and two central alpha helices separated by beta sheets. The termini are less conserved compared with the central part of the domain, which shows strongly conserved motif.

References

1. Anantharaman V, Aravind L (October 2001). "The CHASE domain: a predicted ligand-binding module in plant cytokinin receptors and other eukaryotic and bacterial receptors". Trends Biochem. Sci. 26 (10): 579–82. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(01)01968-5. PMID 11590000.
2. Mougel C, Zhulin IB (October 2001). "CHASE: an extracellular sensing domain common to transmembrane receptors from prokaryotes, lower eukaryotes and plants". Trends Biochem. Sci. 26 (10): 582–4. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(01)01969-7. PMID 11590001.

Further reading

• Heyl A, Wulfetange K, Pils B, Nielsen N, Romanov GA, Schmülling T (2007). "Evolutionary proteomics identifies amino acids essential for ligand-binding of the cytokinin receptor CHASE domain". BMC Evol Biol. 7: 62. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-62. PMC 1863423. PMID 17439640.
• Pas J, von Grotthuss M, Wyrwicz LS, Rychlewski L, Barciszewski J (2004). "Structure prediction, evolution and ligand interaction of CHASE domain". FEBS Lett. 576 (3): 287–90. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.09.020. PMID 15498549. S2CID 45662511.
• Han QM, Jiang HW, Qi XP, Yu J, Wu P (2004). "A CHASE domain containing protein kinase OsCRL4, represents a new AtCRE1-like gene family in rice". Journal of Zhejiang University Science. 5 (6): 629–33. doi:10.1631/jzus.2004.0629. PMID 15101094.

• Protein domains