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The provinces of Nepal are governed by provincial governments which form the second level of governance in the country; after the federal government. The provincial governments are established, and their structure is defined by Part 13 of the Constitution of Nepal.

Legislature

Each province has a unicameral provincial legislature, varying in size according to the population of the province. The members are elected through first-past-the-post voting and party-list proportional representation for a term of five years, unless dissolved sooner. The first provincial election was held in 2017.

The provincial assemblies are presided over by the Speaker who is elected from amongst the members of the assembly and is not a part of the debates. The speaker is helped by a Deputy Speaker who is also elected from amongst the members. At least one of the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker must be a woman and they must not belong to the same party unless only one party is represented in the assembly. Nanda Gurung is the first and only woman to be elected as the speaker of a provincial assembly. She is currently serving as the Speaker of Karnali Provincial Assembly having been elected in 2023.

The governors of the provinces have the power to summon and prorogue the sessions of the assembly pursuant to the Constitution. The interval between two consecutive sessions of the assemblies cannot exceed six months. If one-fourth of the total members of an assembly make a petition during a prorogation or recess of the assembly, the governor must call a session or a meeting.

Executive

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2024)

The executive power of a province is vested in the provincial cabinet. If a cabinet does not exist, the executive power is exercised by the governor of the province.

The head of the provincial cabinet is the chief minister. The governor appoints the leader of the parliamentary party that commands a majority, either alone or with the support of one or more parties, in the provincial assembly as the chief minister. The governor appoints members to the provincial cabinet on the recommendation of the chief minister. The members of the provincial cabinet are responsible for the various departments of the provincial administration. A provincial cabinet can only consist of a maximum of 20% of the total number of members of the provincial assembly. A non-member of a provincial assembly can be appointed as a minister in the cabinet, but must obtain membership of the assembly within six months of their appointment.

The assembly can force the resignation of the chief minister with a vote of no confidence.

Cabinet of Koshi

Cabinet of Madhesh Province

Cabinet of Bagmati Province

Cabinet of Gandaki Province

Cabinet of Lumbini Province

Cabinet of Karnali Province

Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province

Judiciary

The former appellate courts were changed into High Courts after the adoption of the new constitution.

Additional Benches and Extended Benches of Nepal

See also

• Government of Koshi Province
• Government of Madhesh Province
• Government of Gandaki Province
• Government of Nepal
• Council of Ministers of Nepal
• Provinces of Nepal
• List of current Nepalese governors

References

1. Article 182 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
2. "Karnali elects Nepal's first woman provincial Speaker". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
3. Article 183 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
4. Article 162, Section 13 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
5. Article 168, Section 13 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
6. Article 170, Section 13 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
7. Article 169, Section 13 of the Constitution of Nepal (2015)
8. "Hikmat Karki appointed as Chief Minister of Koshi Province - OnlineKhabar English News". 2024-05-09. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
9. "Koshi Chief Minister Hikmat Karki and two ministers take oath". Setopati. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
10. Republica. "Satish Singh takes oath of office and secrecy as CM of Madhesh Province". My Republica. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
11. ^ {{Cite web |7 June 2024<ref>"सतिशकुमार सिंह : पालिका अध्यक्ष हुँदै मधेशको मुख्यमन्त्रीसम्म". ekantipur.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 2024-07-06.
12. ^ Samiti, Rastriya Samachar (2024-05-29). "Surendra Raj Pandey appointed as Gandaki province CM". The Himalayan Times. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
13. ^ Republica. "Lumbini Province ministers assigned responsibility". My Republica. Retrieved 2024-08-02.
14. ^ "You are being redirected..." thehimalayantimes.com. Retrieved 2024-08-02.
15. "UML's Kandel appointed chief minister of Karnali". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2024-08-02.
16. ^ "कर्णाली सरकारमा कांग्रेस सहभागी, ४ मन्त्रीले लिए सपथ". ekantipur.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 2024-08-06.
17. ^ "कर्णालीमा कांग्रेसका ४ मन्त्रीले लिए शपथ". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2024-08-06.
18. ^ "Karnali Chief Minister Kandel expands Cabinet". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2024-08-02.
19. ^ "Newly appointed CM of Sudurpaschim Province sworn in". Khabarhub. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
20. ^ "Far West CM Shah, ministers sworn in". Setopati. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
21. "Govt designates all 7 high courts". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

v t e Government of Nepal
Constitution	Constitution of Nepal Fundamental Rights and Duties Nepalese Law Federalism in Nepal Provinces
Executive	Federal Government President (list) Vice President (list) Prime Minister (list) Council of Ministers Civil Services Chief Secretary Provincial governments Chief Ministers Governors
Legislative	Federal Parliament House of Representatives National Assembly Provincial Assembly
Judiciary	Supreme Court Chief Justice High Courts District Courts

v t e Nepalese provincial cabinets
Koshi	S. D. Rai Acharya R. K. Rai H. K. Karki I Thapa I Thapa II H. K. Karki II K. Karki H. K. Karki III
Madhesh	Raut Yadav Singh
Bagmati	Poudel Shakya R. Pandey Jamkattel Lama
Gandaki	Gurung K. C. N. Pokharel Adhikari I S. R. Pandey I Adhikari II S. R. Pandey II
Lumbini	S. Pokharel KC Giri Chaudhary Mahara Acharya
Karnali	M. B. Shahi J. B. Shahi Sharma Kandel
Sudurpashchim	Bhatta Rawal Shah I Sodari Shah II

• Government of Nepal
• Provinces of Nepal
• Provincial government in Nepal
• Provinces of Nepal-related lists