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Subhyracodon Temporal range: Late Eocene to Late Oligocene, 38.0–26.3 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Subhyracodon occidentalis skeleton
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Perissodactyla
Family:	Rhinocerotidae
Genus:	†Subhyracodon Brandt, 1878
Type species
Subhyracodon occidentalis
Species
†S. kewi †S. mitis †S. occidentalis
Synonyms
†Anchirodon Forbes, 1881 †Anchisodon Cope, 1879 †Caenopus Cope, 1880 †Leptaceratherium Osborn, 1898

Subhyracodon (Latin: "below the genus Hyracodon") is an extinct genus of hornless rhinocerotids. With a length of 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) and an estimated weight of 381 kg (840 lb) in S. mitis, it was a tapir-sized herbivore on the plains of early Oligocene South Dakota 33 million years ago. It coexisted with other perissodactyls such as horses, brontotheres, and chalicotheres. Subhyracodon had no horns, relying more on its speed to escape from predators, but a species found at Wind Cave National Park had a pair of bony nasal ridges. The genus Caenopus and species originally referred to as Aceratherium were synonymized into Subhyracodon. It has been suggested to be one of the oldest known members of the subfamily Elasmotheriinae by some studies, though other studies place it firmly outside the Rhinocerotinae-Elasmotheriinae split.

References

1. Prothero, 2005, p. 41.
2. Prothero, 2005, pp. 40-47.
3. McKenna & Bell, 1997, p. 481.
4. ^ Prothero, 2005, p. 43.
5. "Glossary. American Museum of Natural History". Archived from the original on 20 November 2021.
6. "Paleobiology Database: Subhyracodon mitis". Archived from the original on 2012-07-10. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
7. C.C. O'Harra (1920). The White River Badlands. Rapid City, SD: South Dakota School of Mines. p. 181.
8. Kosintsev, Pavel; Mitchell, Kieren J.; Devièse, Thibaut; van der Plicht, Johannes; Kuitems, Margot; Petrova, Ekaterina; Tikhonov, Alexei; Higham, Thomas; Comeskey, Daniel; Turney, Chris; Cooper, Alan; van Kolfschoten, Thijs; Stuart, Anthony J.; Lister, Adrian M. (2018-11-26). "Evolution and extinction of the giant rhinoceros Elasmotherium sibiricum sheds light on late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 3 (1): 31–38. Bibcode:2018NatEE...3...31K. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0722-0. hdl:1887/82017. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 30478308. S2CID 53726338.
9. Geraads, Denis; Zouhri, Samir (2021). "A new late Miocene elasmotheriine rhinoceros from Morocco". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 66. doi:10.4202/app.00904.2021.

External links

• Wind Cave National Park page on Subhyracodon
• Paleobiology Database query for Subhyracodon

v t e Perissodactyla
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Perissodactyla
Perissodactyla Incertae sedis †Ghazijhippus †Mesolambdolophus †Olbitherium †Anthracobunia Radinskya †Anthracobunidae Anthracobune Hsanotherium Jozaria Obergfellia †Cambaytheriidae Cambaytherium Kalitherium Nakusia Perissobune †Brontotheriidae See Brontotheriidae Equoidea †Cymbalophus †Hallensia †Pliolophus †Systemodon Equidae See Equidae †Palaeotheriidae †Pachynolophinae Anchilophus Bepitherium Eurohippus Hyracotherium Lijiangia Lophiohippus Lophiotherium Metanchilophus Orolophus Pachynolophus Paranchilophus Propalaeotherium Qianohippus †Palaeotheriinae Cantabrotherium Iberolophus Idiodontherium Leptolophus Mekodontherium Metaplagiolophus Palaeotherium Paraplagiolophus Plagiolophus Pseudopalaeotherium †Hyopsodontidae? Aletodon Chacomylus Dorraletes Haplaletes Haplomylus Hyopsodus Litomylus Louisina Monshyus Paratricuspiodon Paschatherium Phenacodaptes Tricuspiodon †Phenacodontidae? Tetraclaenodon †Meniscotheriinae Ectocion Meniscotherium †Phenacodontinae Almogaver Copecion Eodesmatodon Lophocion Phenacodus Tapiromorpha See below↓
Tapiromorpha Incertae sedis †Cambaylophus †Skopaiolophus †Isectolophidae Chowliia Gandheralophus Karagalax Meridiolophus Orientolophus Sastrilophus †Homogalaxinae Homogalax †Isectolophinae Isectolophus Schizolophodon †Ancylopoda See Ancylopoda Ceratomorpha Tapiroidea †Deperetellidae Bahinolophus Deperetella Irenolophus Teleolophus †Helaletidae Colodon Dilophodon Helaletes Heptodon Heteraletes Paracolodon Plesiocolopirus Thuliadanta? Vastanolophus Tapiridae †Eotapirus †Miotapirus †Nexuotapirus †Paratapirus †Plesiotapirus †Protapirus †Tapiravus Tapirus Rhinocerotoidea See below↓
Rhinocerotoidea Rhinocerotoidea sensu lato †Breviodon †Fouchia †Minchenoletes †Siamolophus †Triplopus †Yimengia †Indolophidae Indolophus Rhinocerotoidea sensu stricto †Selenaletes †Hyrachyidae Hyrachyus †Eggysodontidae Allacerops Eggysodon Guangnanodon Proeggysodon †Hyracodontidae Ardynia Ephyrachyus Epitriplophus Hyracodon Prohyracodon Rhodopagus Triplopides †Amynodontidae Amynodontopsis Armania Cadurcotherium Caenolophus Huananodon Hypsamynodon Procadurcodon Rostriamynodon Teilhardia †Amynodontinae Amynodon †Cadurcodontini Cadurcodon Lushiamynodon Sharamynodon Sianodon †Metamynodontini Gigantamynodon Megalamynodon Metamynodon Paramynodon Zaisanamynodon †Paraceratheriidae †Forstercooperiinae Forstercooperia Gobicerops Pappaceras †Paraceratheriinae Aralotherium Dzungarotherium Juxia Paraceratherium Urtinotherium Rhinocerotidae See below↓
Rhinocerotidae Rhinocerotidae †Amphicaenopus †Epiaceratherium †Guixia †Teletaceras †Uintaceras †Woodoceras †Aceratheriinae Aceratherium Acerorhinus Alicornops Aphelops Chilotheridium Chilotherium Floridaceras Galushaceras Hoploaceratherium Mesaceratherium Peraceras Persiatherium Plesiaceratherium Ronzotherium Shansirhinus Sinorhinus Subchilotherium †Elasmotheriinae Gulfoceras Victoriaceros †Diceratheriini Diceratherium Penetrigonias Skinneroceras Subhyracodon Trigonias †Elasmotheriini Bugtirhinus Caementodon Elasmotherium Hispanotherium Iranotherium Kenyatherium Meninatherium Menoceras Ninxiatherium Ningxiatherium Ougandatherium Parelasmotherium Procoelodonta Sinotherium Tongxinotherium Rhinocerotinae †Dromoceratherium †Lartetotherium †Molassitherium †Protaceratherium †Teleoceratini Aprotodon Brachydiceratherium Brachypotherium Diaceratherium Prosantorhinus Shennongtherium Teleoceras Rhinocerotina Dicerorhinini †Coelodonta Dicerorhinus †Dihoplus †Pliorhinus †Stephanorhinus Dicerotini Ceratotherium Diceros †Miodiceros †Paradiceros Rhinocerotini †Gaindatherium †Nesorhinus Rhinoceros †Rusingaceros

• Eocene rhinoceroses
• Chattian genus extinctions
• Oligocene rhinoceroses
• White River Fauna
• Eocene mammals of North America
• Oligocene mammals of North America