Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12

Landing gun

Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12
A 76/17 with extended shield for the fuse setter.
Type	Landing gun
Place of origin	France
Service history
Used by	Italy
Wars	World War I World War II
Production history
Designer	Schneider-Creusot
Designed	1912
Manufacturer	Gio. Ansaldo & C.
Specifications
Mass	512 kg (1,129 lb)
Barrel length	1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) L/18.4
Width	.9 m (2 ft 11 in)
Height	1.12 m (3 ft 8 in)

Shell	Fixed quickfire 76 x 165R
Shell weight	Land: 5.3 kg (12 lb) Sea: 8.5 kg (19 lb)
Caliber	76.2 mm (3 in)
Breech	Interrupted screw
Recoil	Hydro-pneumatic
Carriage	Box trail
Elevation	Center pivot: -3° to +28° Gun carriage: -13° to +28°
Traverse	4°
Rate of fire	12-14 rpm
Muzzle velocity	Land: 375 m/s (1,230 ft/s) Sea: 200 m/s (660 ft/s)
Maximum firing range	6 km (3.7 mi)

The Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12 was a landing gun designed by Schneider-Creusot in France and built under license by Gio. Ansaldo & C. in Italy that was used by Italy during World War I and possibly World War II.

Background

Like other colonial powers, warships of the Regia Marina sometimes carried a contingent of naval infantry that was responsible for manning garrisons to defend Italian ships while in foreign ports as well as arming troops for offensive amphibious operations. The problem that Schneider's engineers faced was that Brigata Marina troops were often an expeditionary force operating in areas with limited road and rail infrastructure so a lightweight gun was needed to provide fire support to landing parties in rough terrain.

The field artillery of the time was designed to be towed by horse teams and then manhandled into firing position. Field artillery could usually be broken down into separate wagon loads with the barrel on one wagon towed by a horse team while a second horse team towed the carriage. Since traditional field artillery would be too large and heavy to be easily deployed during amphibious operations without specialized landing craft the guns would need to be broken down and stowed while at sea. It was thought it would be an advantage if the gun could be mounted on a center pivot mount aboard a launch to provide fire support for a landing party. Once ashore the landing party could remove the gun barrel from its shipboard mount and place it on its field carriage.

Design

Schneider's designation for the gun was Canon Schneider de 76.2 mm de Débarquement Type M.C.5. The Cannone da 76/17 was a breech-loaded gun with an interrupted screw breech, a box trail carriage, gun shield, hydro-pneumatic recoil mechanism, and two wooden-spoked steel-rimmed wheels. When assembled the guns could be attached to a limber that carried 32 rounds of ammunition and towed by the gun crew or a horse team.

The gun used fixed quickfire ammunition and Catalogue des matériels d'artillerie Schneider et Compagnie mis en service sur les fronts alliés en 1914-1917 lists separate figures for projectile weight and muzzle velocity for land and sea projectiles. So different projectiles may have been used depending on the role. La Guerra Nelle Raccolte Della Sezione Fotografica Del Comando Supremo Del R Esercito also has a photo of a 76/17 on a HA/LA mount for anti-aircraft use but no details of its use are given. Ansaldo proposed mounting 12 guns on the back of flatbed trucks to act as mobile anti-aircraft guns but it is unknown if any were built.

Gallery

A 76/17 on its center pivot mount.
A 76/17 on a HA/LA mount for anti-aircraft use.
A 76/17 in firing position with shield for the fuse setter.
A 76/17 attached to its limber being towed by the gun crew.
A battery of 76/17's with Brigata Marinha troops of the Regia Marina.

References

"77-77 MM Calibre Cartridges". www.quarryhs.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2021-03-21.
^ "Les Établissements Schneider. Matériels d'artillerie et bateaux de guerre". Gallica (in French). 1914. Retrieved 2021-03-21.
^ "Catalogue des matériels d'artillerie Schneider et Compagnie mis en service sur les fronts alliés en 1914-1917". pandor.u-bourgogne.fr (in French). Retrieved 2021-03-21.
^ Fleischer, Wolfgang (2015). German artillery: 1914-1918. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-4738-2398-3. OCLC 893163385.
In Italian nomenclature the first number indicates the caliber expressed in millimeters, the second the length in calibers. This second value is not 18.4 calibers because the Italians calculated the length of the barrel excluding the firing chamber which was 17 calibers.
La gverra ... dalle raccolte: del reparto fotografico, del comando supremo, del r. esercito (in Italian). Treves. 1917.
"L'Esercito Italiano Nella Grande Guerra Vol. I". Issuu (in Italian). 19 January 2018. Retrieved 2021-03-21.

v t e Italian artillery of World War I
Anti-aircraft guns	Cannone da 76/45 S 1911 Cannone da 75/27 A.V.
Field, Medium and Heavy guns	Cannone da 75/27 modello 06 Cannone da 75/27 modello 12 Cannone da 75/27 modello 11 8 cm FK M. 5 Obice da 100/17 modello 14 Obice da 105/14 Cannone da 105/28 Cannone da 105/32 Obice da 149/12 Cannone da 149/23 Cannone da 149/35 A Cannone da 152/45
Mortars	Bombarda da 58 A Bombarda da 58 B 15 cm Mörser M1881 Bombarda da 240 mm
Infantry and Mountain guns	Cannon 37F Cannone da 65/17 modello 13 Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12 Cannone da 70/15
Naval and coastal defense guns	Cannon 76/40 Model 1916 Cannone da 76/45 S 1911 Cannon 102/35 Model 1914 Cannon 102/45 Cannon 152/32 Model 1887 Cannone da 190/45 EOC 8 inch 45 caliber EOC 10 inch 40 caliber EOC 10-inch /45 naval gun Obice da 280 305 mm /46 Model 1909 100-ton gun BL 13.5 inch naval gun Mk I – IV Cannone navale da 381/40
Railroad artillery	Cannone da 381/40 AVS
Superheavy and Siege artillery	Mortaio da 210/8 D.S. Mortaio da 210/9 modello 14 Mortaio da 260/9 Modello 16 Obice da 280 Obice da 305/17

v t e Italian artillery of World War II
Tank guns	Breda Model 35 Cannone da 37/40 Cannone da 47/32 Cannone da 47/40 Cannone da 75/34
Anti-tank guns	Solothurn S-18/1000 Cannone da 47/32 Obice da 75/18 modello 35 Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34 Cannone da 90/53 Cannone da 105/25
Infantry and Mountain guns	Cannone da 37/10 modello 15 Cannone da 47/32 Cannone da 65/17 modello 13 Cannone da 70/15 Obice da 75/18 modello 34
Field, Medium and Heavy guns	Cannone da 75/27 modello 06 Cannone da 75/27 modello 12 Cannone da 75/27 modello 11 Obice da 75/18 modello 35 Cannone da 75/32 modello 37 Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12 Obice da 100/17 modello 14 Obice da 105/14 Cannone da 105/28 Cannone da 105/32 Obice da 149/12 Cannone da 149/28 Cannone da 149/35 A Cannone da 149/40 modello 35 Obice da 149/19 modello 37 Cannone da 152/45 Obice da 210/22
Superheavy and Siege artillery	Mortaio da 210/8 D.S. Mortaio da 260/9 Modello 16 Obice da 280 Obice da 305/17
Railroad artillery	Cannone navale da 381/40
Anti-aircraft guns	Cannone-Mitragliera da 20/77 (Scotti) Breda Model 35 Cannone-Mitragliera da 37/54 (Breda) Cannone da 75/27 A.V. Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34 Cannone da 75/49 Cannone da 90/53

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