Misplaced Pages

This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (October 2022)

Images and videos of domestic cats make up some of the most viewed content on the World Wide Web. ThoughtCatalog has described cats as the "unofficial mascot of the Internet".

The subject has attracted the attention of various scholars and critics, who have analysed why this subject has reached iconic status. Although it may be considered frivolous, cat-related Internet content contributes to how people interact with media and culture. Some argue that there is a depth and complexity to this seemingly simple content, with a suggestion that the positive psychological effects that pets have on their owners also hold true for cat images viewed online.

Research has suggested that viewing online cat media is related to positive emotions, and that it even may work as a form of digital therapy or stress relief for some users. Some elements of research also shows that feelings of guilt when postponing tasks can be reduced by viewing cat content.

Some individual cats, such as Grumpy Cat and Lil Bub, have achieved popularity online because of their unusual appearances and funny cat videos.

History

Humans have a longstanding relationship with cats, and the animals have often been a subject of short films, including the early silent movies Boxing Cats (1894) and The Sick Kitten (1903). Harry Pointer (1822–1889) has been cited as the "progenitor of the shameless cat picture". Cats have been shared via email since the Internet's rise to prominence in the 1990s. The first cat video on YouTube was uploaded in 2005 by YouTube co-founder Steve Chen, who posted a video of his cat called "Pajamas and Nick Drake". The following year, "Puppy vs Cat" became the first viral cat video; uploaded by a user called Sanchey (a.k.a. Michael Wienzek); as of 2015 it had over 16 million views on YouTube. In a Mashable article that explored the history of cat media on the Internet, the oldest entry was an ASCII art cat that originated on 2channel, and was a pictorial representation of the phrase "Please go away." The oldest continuously operating cat website is sophie.net, which launched in October 1999 and is still operating.

The New York Times described cat images as "that essential building block of the Internet". In addition, 2,594,329 cat images had been manually annotated in flickr.com by users. An interesting phenomenon is that many photograph owners tag their house cats as "tiger".

Eric Nakagawa and Kari Unebasami started the website I Can Haz Cheezburger in 2007, where they shared funny pictures of cats. This site allowed users to create LOLcat memes by placing writing on top of pictures of their cats. This site now has more than 100 million views per month and has "created a whole new form of internet speak". In 2009, the humour site Urlesque deemed September 9 "A Day Without Cats Online", and had over 40 blogs and websites agree to " cats from their pages for at least 24 hours". As of 2015, there are over 2 million cat videos on YouTube alone, and cats are one of the most searched keywords on the Internet. CNN estimated that in 2015 there could be around 6.5 billion cat pictures on the Internet. The Internet has been described as a "virtual cat park, a social space for cat lovers in the same way that dog lovers congregate at a dog park". The Daily Telegraph deemed Nyan Cat the most popular Internet cat, while NPR gave this title to Grumpy Cat. The Daily Telegraph also deemed the best cat video on YouTube as "Surprised Kitty (Original)", which currently has over 75 million views. Buzzfeed deemed Cattycake the most important cat of 2010.

In 2015, an exhibition called "How Cats Took Over The Internet" opened at the Museum of the Moving Image in New York. The exhibition "looks at the history of how they rose to internet fame, and why people like them so much". There is even a book entitled How to Make Your Cat an Internet Celebrity: A Guide to Financial Freedom. The annual Internet Cat Video Festival celebrated and awards the Golden Kitty to cat videos. According to Star Tribune, the festival's success is because "people realized that the cat video they'd chuckled over in the privacy of their homes was suddenly a thousand times funnier when there are thousands of other people around". The Daily Telegraph had an entire article devoted to International Cat Day. EMGN wrote an article entitled "21 Reasons Why Cats And The Internet Are A Match Made in Heaven".

In 2015, there were more than 2 million cat videos on YouTube, with an average of 12,000 views each – a higher average than any other category of YouTube content. Cats made up 16% of views in YouTube's "Pets & Animals" category, compared to dogs' 23%. The YouTube video Cats vs. Zombies merged the two Internet phenomena of cats and zombies. Data from BuzzFeed and Tumblr has shown that dog videos have more views than those of cats, and less than 1% of posts on Reddit mention cats. While dogs are searched for much more than cats, there is less content on the Internet. The Facebook page "Cats" has over 2 million likes while Dogs has over 6.5 million. In an Internet tradition, The New York Times Archives X account posts cat reporting throughout the history of the NYT. The Japanese prefecture of Hiroshima launched an online Cat Street View, which showed the region from the perspective of a cat.

Abigail Tucker, author of The Lion in the Living Room, a history of domestic cats, has suggested that cats appeal particularly because they "remind us of our own faces, and especially of our babies ... strikingly human but also perpetually deadpan".

Psychology

Jason Eppink, curator of the Museum of the Moving Image's show How Cats Took Over the Internet, has noted the "outsized role" of cats on the Internet. Wired magazine felt that the cuteness of cats was "too simplistic" an explanation of their popularity online.

A scientific survey found that the participants were happier after watching cat videos. The researcher behind the survey explained "If we want to better understand the effects the Internet may have on us as individuals and on society, then researchers can't ignore Internet cats anymore" and "consumption of online cat-related media deserves empirical attention". The Huffington Post suggested that the videos were a form of procrastination, with most being watched while at work or ostensibly studying, while IU Bloomington commented " does more than simply entertain; it boosts viewers' energy and positive emotions and decreases negative feelings". Business Insider argues "This falls in line with a body of research regarding the effects that animals have on people." A 2015 study by Jessica Gall Myrick found that people were more than twice as likely to post a picture or video of a cat to the Internet than they were to post a selfie.

Maria Bustillos considers cat videos to be "the crystallisation of all that human beings love about cats", with their "natural beauty and majesty" being "just one tiny slip away from total humiliation", which Bustillos sees as a mirror of the human condition. When the creator of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, was asked for an example of a popular use of the Internet that he would never have predicted, he answered, "Kittens". A 2014 paper argues that cats' "unselfconsciousness" is rare in an age of hyper-surveillance, and cat photos appeal to people as it lets them imagine "the possibility of freedom from surveillance", while presenting the power of controlling that surveillance as unproblematic. Time magazine felt that cat images tap into viewers nature as "secret voyeurs".

The Cheezburger Network considers cats to be the "perfect canvas" for human emotion, as they have expressive facial and body aspects. Mashable offered "cats' cuteness, non-cuteness, popularity among geeks, blank canvas qualities, personality issues, and the fact that dogs just don't have 'it'" as possible explanations to cats' popularity on the Internet. A paper entitled ""I Can Haz Emoshuns?" – Understanding Anthropomorphosis of Cats among Internet Users" found that Tagpuss, an app that showed users cat images and asked them to choose their emotion "can be used to identify cat behaviours that lay-people find difficult to distinguish".

Jason Eppink, curator of the "How Cats Took Over the Internet" exhibition, explained: "People on the web are more likely to post a cat than another animal, because it sort of perpetuates itself. It becomes a self-fulfilling prophesy. [sic]" Jason Kottke considers cats to be "easier to objectify" and therefore "easier to make fun of". Journalist Jack Shepherd suggested that cats were more popular than dogs because dogs were "trying too hard", and humorous behavior in a dog would be seen as a bid for validation. Shepherd sees cats' behavior as being "cool, and effortless, and devoid of any concern about what you might think about it. It is art for art's sake".

Cats have historically been associated with magic, and have been revered by various human cultures, the ancient Egyptians worshipping them as gods and the creatures being feared as demons in ancient Japan, such as the bakeneko. Vogue magazine has suggested that the popularity of cats on the Internet is culturally-specific, being popular in North America, Western Europe, and Japan. Other nations favor different animals online, Ugandans sharing images of goats and chickens, Mexicans preferring llamas, and Chinese Internet users sharing images of the river crab and grass-mud horse due to double-meanings of their names allowing them to "subvert government Internet censors".

Cute cat theory of digital activism

The cute cat theory of digital activism is a theory concerning Internet activism, Internet censorship, and "cute cats" (a term used for any low-value, but popular online activity) developed by Ethan Zuckerman in 2008. It posits that most people are not interested in activism; instead, they want to use the web for mundane activities, including surfing for pornography and lolcats ("cute cats"). The tools that they develop for that (such as Facebook, Flickr, Blogger, Twitter, and similar platforms) are very useful to social movement activists, who may lack resources to develop dedicated tools themselves. This, in turn, makes the activists more immune to reprisals by governments than if they were using a dedicated activism platform, because shutting down a popular public platform provokes a larger public outcry than shutting down an obscure one.

Celebrities

Because of the relative newness of this industry, most owners of famous cats found themselves stumbling into Internet stardom without intentionally planning it.

Grumpy Cat

Tardar Sauce (born April 4, 2012 – May 14, 2019), better known by her Internet name "Grumpy Cat", was a cat and Internet celebrity known for her grumpy facial expression. Her owner, Tabatha Bundesen, says that her permanently grumpy-looking face was due to an underbite and feline dwarfism. Grumpy Cat's popularity originated from a picture posted to the social news website Reddit by Bundesen's brother Bryan on September 22, 2012. It was made into an image macro with grumpy captions. As of December 10, 2014, "The Official Grumpy Cat" page on Facebook has over 7 million "likes". Grumpy Cat was featured on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on May 30, 2013, and on the cover of New York magazine on October 7, 2013. In August 2015 it was announced that Grumpy Cat would get her own animatronic waxwork at Madame Tussauds in San Francisco. The Huffington Post wrote an article exploring America's fascination with cats.

Lil Bub

Lil Bub (Lillian Bubbles) (June 21, 2011 – December 1, 2019) was an American celebrity cat known for her unique appearance. She was the runt of her litter. Her owner, Mike Bridavsky, adopted her when his friends called to ask him to give her a home. Her photos were first posted to Tumblr in November 2011 then taken off after being featured on the social news website reddit. "Lil Bub" on Facebook has over two million Likes. Lil Bub stars in Lil Bub & Friendz, a documentary premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18, 2013, that won the Tribeca Online Festival Best Feature Film.

Maru

Maru (まる, Japanese: circle or round; born May 24, 2007) is a male Scottish Fold (straight variety) cat in Japan who has become popular on YouTube. As of April 2013, videos with Maru have been viewed over 200 million times. Videos featuring Maru have an average of 800,000 views each and he is mentioned often in print and televised media discussing Internet celebrities. Maru is the "most famous cat on the internet."

Maru's owner posts videos under the account name 'mugumogu'. His owner is almost never seen in the videos, although the video titled "Maru's ear cleaning". YouTube. December 18, 2008. is an exception. The videos include title cards in English and Japanese setting up and describing the events, and often show Maru playing in cardboard boxes, indicated by "I love a box!" in his first video.

Colonel Meow

Colonel Meow (adopted October 11, 2011 – January 29, 2014) was a male Himalayan–Persian crossbreed cat, who holds the 2014 Guinness world record for the longest fur on a cat (9 in (230 mm)). He became an Internet celebrity when his owners posted pictures of his scowling face to Facebook and Instagram. He was known by his hundreds of thousands of followers as an "adorable fearsome dictator", a "prodigious Scotch drinker" and "the angriest cat in the world".

Oh Long Johnson

This unnamed cat was featured in the first place-winning video "Cat's Got a Tongue" from Season 10, Episode 20 of America's Funniest Home Videos. In the video, the cat makes aggressive noises at another. The noises sound like human words and phrases such as "Oh my dog", "Oh Long John", "Oh Long Johnson", "Oh Don piano", "Why I eyes ya", "All the live long day", and "Oh that long long Johnson". " The video first appeared on the Internet in 2006 during a compilation video on YouTube featuring cats producing human-like sounds, and other standalone videos were later uploaded. The full clip shows a second, younger-looking cat in the room.

By 2012, the video of the cat had been viewed 6.5 million times. The clip was included in the 2019 Cat Video Fest which was held at the Vancity Theatre in Vancouver on April 20. There were to be five consecutive screenings of the videos.

The video was referenced in the South Park episode "Faith Hilling", where Johnson's speech pattern ended up causing several deaths related to "Oh Long Johnsoning".

Jorts

Jorts is an office cat that was the centre of a December 2021 dispute between staff. Self-reporting of the dispute on a subreddit of Reddit attracted significant attention.

I Go Meow Cat

Cala, known famously as the "I Go Meow", is a singing cat featured in a TikTok video uploaded by Elizabeth, Cala's owner. She even has a song about her by The Kiffness, a South African musical artist. On May 30, 2024, Cala passed away as the age of 12, that Elizabeth announced. Another song was made, called "I Go Now".

Internet memes

Lolcat

A lolcat (pronounced /ˈlɒlkæt/ LOL-kat) is an image macro of one or more cats. The image's text is often idiosyncratic and grammatically incorrect. Its use in this way is known as "lolspeak" or "kitty pidgin".

"Lolcat" is a compound word of the acronymic abbreviation for "laugh out loud" (LOL) and the word "cat". A synonym for "lolcat" is cat macro, since the images are a type of image macro. Lolcats are commonly designed for photo sharing imageboards and other Internet forums.

Nyan Cat

Nyan Cat is the name of a YouTube video, uploaded in April 2011, which became an Internet meme. The video merged a Japanese pop song with an animated cartoon cat with the body of a Pop-Tart, flying through space, and leaving a rainbow trail behind it. The video ranked at number 5 on the list of most viewed YouTube videos in 2011.

Keyboard Cat

Keyboard Cat is another Internet phenomenon. It consists of a video from 1984 of Fatso, a cat wearing a blue shirt and appearing to play an upbeat rhythm on an electronic keyboard. The video was posted to YouTube under the title "charlie schmidt's cool cats" in June 2007. Schmidt later changed the title to "Charlie Schmidt's Keyboard Cat (The Original)".

Fatso (who died in 1987) was owned (and manipulated in the video) by Charlie Schmidt of Spokane, Washington, US, and the blue shirt still belonged to Schmidt's cat Fatso. Later, Brad O'Farrell, who was the syndication manager of the video website My Damn Channel, obtained Schmidt's permission to reuse the footage, appending it to the end of a blooper video to "play" that person offstage after the mistake or gaffe in a similar manner as getting the hook in the days of vaudeville. The appending of Schmidt's video to other blooper and other viral videos became popular, with such videos usually accompanied with the title Play Him Off, Keyboard Cat or a variant. "Keyboard Cat" was ranked No. 2 on Current TV's list of 50 Greatest Viral Videos.

In 2009 Schmidt became owner of Bento, another cat that resembled Fatso, and which he used to create new Keyboard Cat videos, until Bento's death in March 2018. Schmidt has adopted a new cat "Skinny" or "Keyboard Cat 3.0", which has yet to become popular.

Cats that Look Like Hitler

Cats That Look Like Hitler is a satirical website featuring photographs of cats that bear an alleged resemblance to Adolf Hitler. Most of the cats have a large black splotch underneath their nose, much like the dictator's stumpy toothbrush moustache. The site was founded by Koos Plegt and Paul Neve in 2006, and became widely known after being featured on several television programmes across Europe and Australia. The site is now only run by Neve. As of February 2013, the site contained photographs of over 8,000 cats, submitted by owners with digital cameras and Internet access and then approved by Neve as content.

Everytime you masturbate... God kills a kitten

"Every time you masturbate... God kills a kitten" is the caption of an image created by a member of the website Fark in 2002. The image features a kitten (subsequently referred to as "Cliché Kitty") being chased by two Domos, and has the tagline "Please, think of the kittens".

I Can Has Cheezburger

It was created in 2007 by Eric Nakagawa (Cheezburger), a blogger from Hawaii, and his friend Kari Unebasami (Tofuburger). The website is one of the most popular Internet sites of its kind. It received as many as 1,500,000 hits per day at its peak in May 2007. ICHC was instrumental in bringing animal-based image macros and lolspeak into mainstream usage and making Internet memes profitable.

Brussels lockdown

In 2015, the atmosphere among the community of Brussels, Belgium was tense when the city was put under the highest level state of emergency immediately following the Paris attacks; however, Internet cats were able to cut the tension by taking over the Twitter feed #BrusselsLockdown. The feed was designed to discuss operational details of terrorist raids, but when police asked for a social media blackout the hashtag was overwhelmed by Internet users posting pictures of cats to drown out serious discussion and prevent terrorists from gaining any useful information. The use of cat images is a reference to the Level 4 state of emergency: the French word for the number 4, quatre, is pronounced similarly to the word "cat" in English.

Pusheen

Pusheen is another Internet phenomenon about a cartoon cat. Created in 2010 by Claire Belton, the popularity of using emoji and Facebook stickers led to a rise in Pusheen's popularity. She now has 9 million followers.

Bongo Cat

Bongo Cat is another Internet meme about a cartoon cat that originated on May 7, 2018, when an animated cat gif made by Twitter user "@StrayRogue" was edited by Twitter user "@DitzyFlama" to include bongos and the music "Athletic" from the Super Mario World soundtrack. This cat has since been edited to many other songs, and many different instruments.

Peepee the Cat

Peepee the cat was the star of a copypasta popularized on Twitter. The post, "i Amn just........... a litle creacher. Thatse It . I Canot change this" was posted on September 18, 2018, and has garnered over 38,000 likes.

Vibing Cat/CatJam

In April 2020, a video of a white cat from Québec, Canada named Minette bobbing her head as if dancing went viral. In addition to its popularity on social media sites like Youtube and TikTok, the cat was widely shared on livestreaming platform Twitch.tv, where it was enabled as a emote through third-party service BetterTTV on over 200,000 channels. In December 2020, the official YouTube Channel of the International Cricket Council posted a video named "Vibing cricketers, vibing cat" showing edited footage of the cat alongside various cricketers dancing to music.

Zoom Cat Lawyer/I'm Not a Cat

It refers to a viral video taken from a live stream of a civil forfeiture hearing, and being held on the video conferencing application Zoom in Texas' 394th Judicial District Court. The video features attorney Rod Ponton, who is struggling to disable a cat filter that shows a white kitten mask over his face, resulting in it appearing as if a cat is speaking.

Floppa

Big Floppa is a caracal from Russia (real name Gregory or Gosha for short) who gained popularity as an internet meme after being posted by his owner on Instagram. Floppa can also more generally refer to a collection of images either portraying Big Floppa (also referred to as Gosha or Shlepa) or any caracals. The collection of images do not portray to a specific theme per se, but always hold Floppa as a centerpoint or personification of something.

Catloaf

Catloaf (also spelled as cat loaf and sometimes known as hovercat, tugboat or loafing) is a term used to describe a cat's sitting position in which its paws and tail are tucked under the body, forming a loaf-like shape. A speculation for the sitting position indicates that the cat is relaxed and feels unthreatened, and therefore has no need to sit in a position where it would have to attack. Another potential reason for this sitting position is for the cat to maintain a comfortable body temperature without having to move.

American cartoonist B. Kliban had noted the similarity between the shapes of cats and meatloaves as early as 1975. However, widespread popularity of the word had not gained peak popularity until the 2010s on social media sites such as Reddit and Twitter, as well as Facebook, where the sitting position is also known as "tugboat" in the "Tuggin'" group.

Cat walking on the Han River

In South Korea, a 2021 news report's mention of a cat walking on the frozen Han River in Seoul became a meme in 2022. In the video, a reporter says the phrase "꽁꽁 얼어붙은 한강 위로 고양이가 걸어 다닙니다" (lit. 'On top of the completely frozen Han River walks a cat.'). In 2024, the audio of the phrase was remixed into a song that became associated with a dance challenge.

Banana Cat

Banana Cat, a cat inside a banana skin, has been notably used by the Canadian Ontario New Democratic Party in TikTok campaign ads. A series of videos titled "Banana Cat explains" describe "New Democats'" strategies for addressing issues such as healthcare, education and grocery costs. During a 2024 speech by Ontario New Democratic leader Marit Stiles about the governing Ontario Progressive Conservative Party's legacy, Progressive Conservative MPP Goldie Ghamari shouted in response "Your legacy is making cat videos on TikTok".

Spoofs

Bonsai Kitten was a satirical website launched in 2000 that claims to provide instructions on how to grow a kitten in a jar, so as to mold the bones of the kitten into the shape of the jar as the cat grows, much like how a bonsai plant is shaped. It was made by an MIT university student going by the alias of Dr. Michael Wong Chang. The website generated furor after members of the public complained to animal rights organizations, who stated that "while the site's content may be faked, the issue it is campaigning for may create violence towards animals", according to the Michigan Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (MSPCA). Although the website in its most recent form was shut down, it still generates (primarily spam) petitions to shut the site down or complain to its ISP. The website has been thoroughly debunked by Snopes.com and The Humane Society of the United States, among other prominent organizations.

Cat media and news websites

The Catnip Times

Founded by Laura Mieli in 2012, it has been running full time since 2017. It now has more than a million followers in over 100 countries. It contributes articles to American Kennel Club affiliate, AKC Reunite.

In July 2018, it sponsored the first ever "Meow Meetup" at the Stephens Convention Center in Rosemont, Illinois. The event was held July 21–22, was estimated to attract around 3000 people. It was the largest cat conference in the Midwest.

News by Cats

Founded by Lithuanian-born Justinas Butkus who lives in Wellington, New Zealand, the site adds a cat element to news stories. Reporting on actual events, it changes the wording to a type of cat talk such as "kidney opurration" instead of kidney operation and "prepurr for major eruption" instead of prepare for major eruption. There were mixed reactions within the first week of the site's operation. NewsByCats.com has been defunct since some time after March 9, 2022.

The Purrington Post

The Purrington Post publishes a newsletter. The first, Volume 1, Issue 1 came out on November 1, 2013. According to Natural Pet Science, The Purrington Post averages half a million page views per trimester. It was referred to in September 2018 as an award-winning cat blog by the Dow Jones & Company owned financial information service MarketWatch. Also that year it was rated No. 3 by KittyCoaching.com in a list of the 12 best cat blogs for that year. It was also highly rated by Cats.com in their Top 35 Cat Blogs You Should Know About list for 2018. The opinion of the Post on cat behavior has been valued enough to be quoted in articles.

See also

• Cultural depictions of cats
• Human interaction with cats
• List of individual cats

Explanatory notes

1. According to the owners, October 11, 2011 is not the cat's birth date, but the date of his adoption. His birth date is unknown.

References

1. "Why The Internet Chose Cats". Thought Catalog. January 25, 2011. Archived from the original on June 21, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
2. Jones, Justin (August 9, 2015). "How Cats Took Over the Internet—And Became Art". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on October 8, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
3. "Comment: The fascinating, feel-good psychology of Internet cat videos". News. Archived from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
4. Myrick, Jessica Gall (2015). "Emotion regulation, procrastination, and watching cat videos online: Who watches Internet cats, why, and to what effect?". Computers in Human Behavior. 52: 168–176. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.001. S2CID 16187524.
5. Dawson, Jessica (September 8, 2015). "'How Cats Took Over the Internet' Actually Shows They Didn't". Village Voice. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
6. "Why Does the Internet Love Cats So Much? [Infographic]". Social Media Today. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
7. ^ "Why cat clips rule the internet". bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on September 18, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
8. Messenger, Stephen (November 1, 2014). "This Is The Very First Cat Video Posted To YouTube". The Dodo. Group Nine Media. Archived from the original on March 10, 2017. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
9. Catcher, Jessica (March 26, 2014). "The Complete Hiss-tory of Cats on the Internet". Mashable. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
10. "Sophie.net". Archived from the original on October 8, 1999.
11. Willis, Derek (July 22, 2014). "What the Internet Can See From Your Cat Pictures". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
12. Zhang, Weiwei; Sun, Jian; Tang, Xiaoou (2008). "Cat Head Detection - How to Effectively Exploit Shape and Texture Features". Computer Vision – ECCV 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 5305. pp. 802–816. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88693-8_59. ISBN 978-3-540-88692-1.
13. Berg, Tamara L.; Berg, Alexander C. (June 2009). "Finding iconic images". 2009 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1109/CVPRW.2009.5204174. ISBN 978-1-4244-3994-2. S2CID 15311570.
14. "'A Day Without Cats Online': Internet Ban by Urlesque". Time. September 9, 2009. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
15. ^ Yang, Jeff (April 2, 2015). "Internet cats will never die". CNN. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
16. "Cats and the internet". Radio New Zealand. September 5, 2015. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
17. Williams, Rhiannon (February 19, 2014). "Top 10 internet cats hall of fame". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
18. "Friday Feline Fun: A Ranking Of The Most Famous Internet Cats". NPR.org. July 11, 2014. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
19. "Video: The 10 best cat videos on YouTube – Telegraph". Telegraph.co.uk. April 23, 2010. Archived from the original on April 26, 2010.
20. "The 30 Most Important Cats Of 2010". BuzzFeed. December 16, 2010. Archived from the original on August 20, 2017. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
21. Hoffman, Jordan (August 7, 2015). "How cats took over the internet: new exhibition is catnip for feline fans". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
22. Carlin, Patricia (April 1, 2014). How to Make Your Cat an Internet Celebrity. Quirk Books. ISBN 9781594746840. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
23. "Golden Kitty: Cat lovers gather for 'pawstigious' internet video awards". ABC News. August 14, 2015. Archived from the original on September 16, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
24. "Internet Cat Video Festival draws thousands to St. Paul - StarTribune.com". Star Tribune. August 13, 2015. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
25. "International Cat Day: felines take over the internet (even more than usual)". Telegraph.co.uk. August 8, 2015. Archived from the original on April 18, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
26. "21 Reasons Why Cats And The Internet Are A Match Made in Heaven". EMGN. Archived from the original on January 17, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
27. ^ "So Here's a Study About Internet Cats". Science of Us. June 17, 2015. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
28. ^ Grossman, Samantha. "How Cats Took Over the Internet: Museum of Moving Image". Time. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
29. "Internet Win: Cats VS Zombies". 1428 Elm. September 15, 2015. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
30. ^ "How Cats Became Rulers of the Interwebs". Wired. August 10, 2015. Archived from the original on January 27, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
31. Hartmann, Margaret (December 2010). "The Supply and Demand of Internet Dogs and Cats". Jezebel. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
32. "Does the Internet love cats or dogs more? – Digital Trends". Digital Trends. June 16, 2013. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
33. "PetVet". Retrieved February 20, 2019.
34. ^ Kingson, Jennifer A. (August 6, 2015). "How Cats Took Over the Internet at the Museum of the Living Image". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
35. "Cat Street View: The Internet taken to its logical conclusion". CNET. CBS Interactive. September 3, 2015. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
36. "広島 CAT STREET VIEW 第１弾 --尾道編--". May 18, 2019. Archived from the original on May 30, 2019. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
37. Tucker, Abigail (October 15, 2016). "How Cats Evolved to Win the Internet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
38. Tucker, Abigail (2016). The Lion in the Living Room: How House Cats Tamed Us and Took Over the World. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1476738239. Archived from the original on November 14, 2016. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
39. Smith, Jennifer (August 5, 2015). "The Tale of How Cats Clawed Their Way to Internet Stardom". WSJ. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
40. Myrick, Jessica Gall (2015). "Emotion regulation, procrastination, and watching cat videos online: Who watches Internet cats, why, and to what effect?". Computers in Human Behavior. 52: 168–176. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.001. S2CID 16187524.
41. Palermo, Elizabeth (June 19, 2015). "Scientists Explain Why Watching Internet Cat Videos Is Good for You". NBC News. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
42. Dewey, Caitlin (June 16, 2015). "The fascinating, feel-good psychology of Internet cat videos". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
43. Mazza, Ed (June 17, 2015). "Cat Videos Can Give You Energy And A Positive Attitude, Study Says". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
44. "Not-so-guilty pleasure: Viewing cat videos boosts energy and positive emotions, IU study finds". IU Bloomington Newsroom. Archived from the original on February 25, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
45. Baer, Drake (June 18, 2015). "The Internet loves cat videos for a surprisingly good reason, says new study". Business Insider Australia. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
46. Bustillos, Maria. "BBC – Culture – How cats won the internet". BBC.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
47. "Inventor Of Web Astounded By All The Cats Online". The Huffington Post. March 13, 2014. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
48. O'Meara, Radha (2014). "Do Cats Know They Rule YouTube? Surveillance and the Pleasures of Cat Videos". Media-culture.org.au. 17 (2). doi:10.5204/mcj.794. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
49. "The Timelessness of Cat Pictures". myUMBC. August 27, 2015. Archived from the original on September 7, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
50. Elliott, Amy-Mae (October 21, 2010). "The Million Dollar Question: Why Does the Web Love Cats?". Mashable. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
51. ""I Can Haz Emoshuns?" – Understanding Anthropomorphosis of Cats among Internet Users" (PDF). Eprints.ac.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
52. "How Cats Took Over the Internet' at the Museum of the Moving Image". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
53. Hepola, Sarah (February 10, 2009). "The Internet is made of kittens". salon.com. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
54. "Why the internet loves cats – not dogs". The Guardian. March 16, 2014. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
55. "5 Things We Learned at the Museum of Moving Images's 'How Cats Took Over the Internet'". Vogue. August 7, 2015. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
56. Shirky, Clay (January 1, 2011). "The Political Power of Social Media". Foreign Affairs. 90 (January/February 2011). Archived from the original on April 26, 2015. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
57. Shapiro, Samantha (January 22, 2009). "Revolution, Facebook-Style". The New York Times Magazine. Archived from the original on December 4, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
58. ^ "Bright Green: The Cute Cat Theory of Digital Activism". Worldchanging. Archived from the original on June 30, 2012. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
59. Miller, Julie (June 10, 2015). "Can You Get Rich From Making Your Cat an Internet Celebrity?". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
60. Moran, Lee (May 17, 2019). "Grumpy Cat, Online Pet Sensation, Dead At 7". HuffPost. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
61. "Alex: Grumpy Cat turned two on April 4, 2014". facebook.com/TheOfficialGrumpyCat. The Official Grumpy Cat. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
62. ^ "About Grumpy Cat". Grumpycats.com. September 30, 2012. Archived from the original on December 18, 2015. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
63. Brenner, Wayne Alan (March 8, 2013). "Yes, You Could Totally Meet Grumpy Cat at SXSW: And here's an interview with the people behind the varmint". The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 12, 2013. Retrieved March 15, 2013. On her paperwork, though, from the vet? It's spelled right, with a 'T' – for the record.
64. ^ Van Syckle, Katie (September 29, 2013). "Boom Brands 2013: Grumpy Cat". New York. Archived from the original on May 17, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
65. "Internet finds world's grumpiest cat, named Tardar Sauce". news.com.au. Fox News Channel. September 28, 2012. Archived from the original on April 27, 2015. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
66. "Grumpy Cat: The Internet's Favorite Sour Cat Draws Crowds at SXSW". abcnews.go.com. ABC News. April 4, 2012. Archived from the original on March 11, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
67. "The unlikely star of SXSW: Grumpy Cat". CNN.com. November 14, 2011. Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
68. "Meet grumpy cat: pics". Reddit. September 22, 2012. Archived from the original on April 2, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
69. "The Official Grumpy Cat". Facebook. Archived from the original on August 21, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
70. Rosman, Katherine (May 31, 2013). "Grumpy Cat Has an Agent, and Now a Movie Deal". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 1, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
71. "Table of Contents". New York. October 7, 2013. Archived from the original on July 12, 2017. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
72. "Grumpy cat is getting her own waxwork and looks a bit... grumpy". BBC News. August 27, 2015. Archived from the original on August 30, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
73. "America's Fascination with Cats". The Huffington Post. October 2, 2015. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
74. Johnson, Lauren M. (December 2, 2019). "Internet cat sensation Lil BUB has died at the age of 8". CNN.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
75. Sykes, Tom (April 19, 2013). "Lil Bub, The World's Cutest Cat, Stars In Documentary Lil Bub & Friendz at Tribeca". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
76. Lil Bub. "Lil Bub – Bloomington, IN – Public Figure". Facebook. Archived from the original on January 11, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
77. Makarechi, Kia (March 18, 2013). "'Lil Bub & Friendz' Trailer: From Meme To The Movies (Video)". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
78. "Lil Bub & Friendz". Tribecafilm.com. Archived from the original on June 22, 2015. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
79. "Here Are Your TFF 2013 Award Winners". Tribecafilm.com. April 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 30, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
80. "私信". sisinmaru.blog17.fc2.com. February 22, 1999. Archived from the original on March 23, 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
81. Donahue, Deirdre (August 22, 2011). "Maru, the cat's meow of YouTube, stars in a new book". USA Today. Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
82. "mugumogu's Channel". YouTube. July 10, 2008. Archived from the original on January 3, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
83. "I am Maru". sisinmaru.blog17.fc2.com. 2006. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
84. Lewis-Kraus, Gideon. "In Search of the Living, Purring, Singing Heart of the Online Cat-Industrial Complex". Wired. Vol. 20, no. 9. Archived from the original on January 16, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
85. "R.I.P. COLONEL MEOW, YOU WILL BE MISSED". Youtube. January 30, 2014. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
86. "Colonel Meow, the cat with the longest fur, makes it into new Guinness World Records™ 2014 Book". Guinness World Records. August 28, 2013. Archived from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
87. Bellini, Jarrett (January 31, 2014). "Apparently This Matters: Colonel Meow is dead". CNN. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
88. ^ "Colonel Meow, Internet star and world's furriest cat, has died". today.com. January 30, 2014. Archived from the original on January 31, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
89. "Home Video Licensing".
90. ^ "Top 5 classic cat videos". New Zealand Herald. May 30, 2016. Archived from the original on October 11, 2016.
91. Oh Long Johnson... - talking cat. June 11, 2006.
92. Talking cat says Oh Long Johnson (Video). YouTube. Archived from the original on November 23, 2016.
93. "Podívejte se, VIDEO: Mluvící kočka dobývá svět. Zahrála si i v South Parku". Tyden.cz. May 15, 2012. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019.
94. Mooney, Harrison (April 11, 2019). "The cats came back: feline video festival returns to Vancity Theatre". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on August 13, 2019.
95. Parker, Trey; Stone, Matt (2013). Faith Hilling (DVD). South Park. Comedy Central. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
96. Kooser, Amanda. "Jorts the cat: Everything you need to know about the internet's new favourite cat". CNET. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
97. Rutkoff, Aaron (August 25, 2007). "With 'LOLcats' Internet Fad, Anyone Can Get In on the Joke". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on July 15, 2018. Retrieved February 13, 2008.
98. Silverman, Dwight (June 6, 2007). "Web photo phenomenon centers on felines, poor spelling". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
99. Salas, Randy A. (June 9, 2007). "Laugh at cat humor". Akron Beacon Journal, Star Tribune. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved June 17, 2007. At first, they were called cat macros, but now go mostly by the name lolcats.
100. "Talking Twin Babies, Nyan Cat among YouTube's top videos of 2011". Los Angeles Times. December 20, 2011. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
101. "Charlie Schmidt's Keyboard Cat! – The Original!". YouTube. June 7, 2007. Archived from the original on February 24, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
102. "Internet review: Play Him Off, Keyboard Cat". guardian.co.uk. May 16, 2009. Archived from the original on February 28, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2011.
103. Coyle, Jake (May 22, 2009). "'Keyboard Cat' Phenomenon Spreads on Web, TV". ABC News. Archived from the original on February 12, 2011. Retrieved August 3, 2009.
104. "50 Greatest Viral Videos". Current TV. October 27, 2009. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved March 15, 2010.
105. "Keyboard Cat, Bento, A Tribute". Keyboard Cat. March 16, 2018. Archived from the original on November 28, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
106. Finkelstein, Daniel (February 26, 2007). "Cats that look like Hitler". The Times. Archived from the original on July 19, 2008. Retrieved August 6, 2008.
107. ^ Brottman, Mikita (February 7, 2007). "Mein Kat". PopMatters. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 6, 2008.
108. Ross, Jonathan (2006). The Jonathan Ross Show (TV-series). UK: BBC.
109. Norton, Graham (2008). The Graham Norton Show (TV-series). UK: BBC.
110. Walmsley, Dan (2006). The Breakfast Show Live: A History of the Web (TV-series). Australia: Dan Walmsley.
111. "Cats That Look Like Hitler!". Cats That Look Like Hitler. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
112. "Frequently Asked Questions: Farkisms". Fark. March 28, 1992. Archived from the original on August 10, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
113. Horgen, Tom (October 20, 2008). "Domo: From underground to advertiser". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
114. Huh, Ben (March 9, 2008). "SXSW 2008 Panel LOLWUT? Why Do I Keep Coming Back to This Website?". Rocketboom. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved March 16, 2008.
115. Tozzi, John (July 13, 2007). "Bloggers Bring in the Big Bucks". BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on February 15, 2008. Retrieved February 13, 2008.
116. Steel, Sharon (February 1, 2008). "The cuteness surge". The Phoenix. Archived from the original on February 3, 2008. Retrieved February 13, 2008.
117. "Belgians post cat pics in response to Brussels terror alert". CNN. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
118. Smith, Oli (November 23, 2015). "Brussels Lockdown – Belgians tweet cat pictures to confuse ISIS terrorists during raids". Daily Express. Archived from the original on March 19, 2016. Retrieved March 19, 2016 – via Express.co.uk.
119. "Belgians tweet cat pictures during #BrusselsLockdown". BBC News. November 23, 2015. Archived from the original on April 22, 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
120. Sims, Alexandra (November 23, 2015). "Brussels Lockdown: Belgians tweet pictures of cats to confuse Isis terrorists". The Independent. Archived from the original on August 20, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
121. @StrayRogue (May 6, 2018). "Original Gif Animation" (Tweet). Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved October 22, 2019 – via Twitter.
122. @DitzyFlama (May 7, 2018). "Original Gif Animation Edit" (Tweet). Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved October 22, 2019 – via Twitter.
123. Anderson, Sage (February 5, 2019). "A cat named 'Peepee' runs his own Twitter account, and it's even cuter than you'd think". Mashable. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
124. "The vibing cat meme is instantly calming". The Daily Dot. November 3, 2020. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
125. "BetterTTV". BetterTTV. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
126. Sengupta, Trisha (December 2, 2020). "'Vibing cricketers, vibing cat': ICC wins meme game with latest tweet. Watch". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
127. Victor, Daniel (February 9, 2021). "'I'm Not a Cat,' Says Lawyer Having Zoom Difficulties". The New York Times.
128. Ryabikova, Victoria (May 31, 2021). "Meet 'Big Floppa' - the hero of the most popular cat meme of 2020 (PHOTOS)". Russia Beyond. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
129. Nambiar, Prerna (May 22, 2022). "Raise a Floppa creator reveals why the game was deleted from Roblox". HITC. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
130. "Here's why your cat sits like a "cat loaf"". Petbucket. April 10, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
131. ^ Paoletta, Rae (November 22, 2017). "Why Do Cats Look Like Loaves of Bread Sometimes? We Asked a Scientist". Inverse. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
132. Ollila, Erin (July 19, 2021). "The Cat Loaf: What Is It & Why Do Cats Loaf, Anyway?". Hill's. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
133. Shapiro, Fred R. (2021). The new Yale book of quotations (Revised ed.). New Haven. p. 460. ISBN 9780300262780. Retrieved November 12, 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
134. "Why Do Cats Loaf? Probably a Good Sign". MrBossCat. August 30, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
135. ^ 기, 정아 (April 22, 2024). "꽁꽁 얼어붙은 한강 위로 고양이가 걸어다닙니다…뉴스밈 또 터졌다 [요즘, 이거]". 이투데이 (in Korean). Retrieved July 4, 2024.
136. ^ 황, 남경 (April 23, 2024). ""꽁꽁 얼어붙은 한강 위로 고양이가 걸어 다닙니다" 일하다가 별안간 밈 제왕 된 MBN 기자의 프로필 사진에 특이점이 왔다". HuffPost Korea (in Korean). Retrieved July 4, 2024.
137. 지하철역 동파사고로 출근길 물벼락…한강물도 곳곳 '꽁꽁' [MBN 종합뉴스]. Maeil Broadcasting Network. December 27, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2024 – via YouTube.
138. Austin, Serena (April 7, 2024). "Are the Ontario NDP's TikToks effective? – The Cord". The Cord – The tie that binds Wilfrid Laurier University since 1926. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
139. Landau, Jack (February 26, 2024). "Ontario's latest political flame war is playing out in the form of cat memes". blogTO. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
140. McCullagh, Declan (February 11, 2001). "FBI Goes After Bonsaikitten.com". Wired.com. Archived from the original on March 17, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
141. Smith, Ryan (July 23, 2018). "Chicago's first-ever cat convention was like catnip to fans of felines". The Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
142. Daday, Eileen O. (July 19, 2018). "Cook County» Her cat blog has more than 1 million followers. Now she's starting a cat convention in Rosemont". Daily Herald. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
143. "Cat convention creates feline frenzy in Chicago suburb". wgntv.com. WGN9. August 6, 2018. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
144. "AKC Pet Disaster Relief Trailer Gives SoCal Animal Reponse [sic] Team A New Way To Help Local Pets" (PDF). scart.us (Press release). Southern California Animal Response Team (SCART), AKC Reunite. February 2016. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 19, 2019.
145. Davis, Kristi (January 9, 2019). "Tips to Help Cats Stay Warm in Winter". AKCReunite.org. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
146. Ranard, Chelsy (September 13, 2018). "How Cats Help Improve Mental Health". AKCReunite.org. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
147. "This Weekend's Meow Meetup Is Catnip For Cat Lovers". CBS2 Chicago. July 20, 2018. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
148. Fleischer, Denise (July 18, 2018). "First 'Meow Meetup' Makes Way To Rosemont". Journal & Topics. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020 – via journal-topics.com.
149. "Much Anticipated 'Meow MeetUp' Debuts in Chicago July 2018". Chicago Business Journal. March 5, 2018. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021 – via bizjournals.com.
150. Irwin, Nicola (May 22, 2018). "How this cat website harnesses feline power to bring attention to world news". Irish Independent. Dublin. Press Association. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
151. Final capture by Internet Archive: "[Homepage]". NewsByCats.com. March 9, 2022. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022.
152. "Back Issues". The Purrington Post. Craig Street Cats. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019 – via CraigStreetCats.ca.
153. "NPS has been featured in..." NaturalPetScience.com. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
154. "Canadian Brand Natural Pet Science New Product Launch Receives Media Recognition for Pet Treats Made from Hemp and Crickets". MarketWatch (Press release). September 7, 2018. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
155. "The Best Cat Blogs – Updated for 2018". KittyCoaching.com. December 26, 2017. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020.
156. "Top 35 Cat Blogs You Should Know About". wwwallaboutcats.com. Cats.com. December 9, 2018. Archived from the original on December 15, 2019.
157. Maurer, Shari (June 1, 2018). "Do Cats Smile? Here's How To Tell Your Cat Is Happy, At Least On The Inside". Romper.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. 3. They Meow — A Lot

• Animals on the Internet
• Cats in popular culture
• Internet culture
• Internet memes about cats