Cavalier Pietro Tempesta, or Pieter Mulier II (1637 – 29 June 1701) was a Dutch Golden Age painter active in Italy.
Biography
Muller was born in Haarlem. He learned to paint from his father, Pieter Mulier I and travelled to Italy, working in Rome (1656–1670), Genoa (1670–1684) and northern Italy until he died in Milan. Among his pupils were Carlo Antonio Tavella and Pietro Cignaroli (active 1716 in Milan). He is known for Italianate landscapes in the manner of Thomas Wijck.
Italy
According to Arnold Houbraken, Tempeest was the son of Pieter de Molijn, not Pieter Mulier. He could paint quite well, but he emigrated to Rome at a young age and became a member of the Bentvueghels with the nickname Tempeest. He was thought to be a man of 50 by Isaac de Moucheron when he was in Rome (Bent name Ordenantie) in 1697. He specialized in wilde zwynenjagten, or hunting scenes, in the manner of Frans Snyders. In Genoa he was imprisoned for 16 years for killing his wife. He was visited in prison by Jan Visser, a painter from the Bentvueghels known as Slempop. When the French bombarded the city in 1684, he was set free and fled to Parma, where he lived to old age, painting with two eyeglasses, one in front of the other.
In Literature
Mulier is the subject of a poem by Felicia Hemans published in The Edinburgh Magazine, 1829, 
The Storm-Painter in his Dungeon.
References
- Pieter Mulier in the RKD
- Henry Reveley. Notices illustrative of the drawings and sketches of some of the most distinguished masters in all the principal schools of design. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1820. Page 233.)
- P. Molyn biography in De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature
- painting from Genua period on Christie's website
- Marcel Roethlisberger, Cavalier Pietro Tempesta and his Time. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 1970