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Leadership of Communist Kyrgyzstan

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(Redirected from Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic)
First Secretary of Kirghizia
Republic coat of arms
Askar Akayev
AppointerPolitburo, Central Committee or any party apparatus and by electoral vote
FormationOctober 14, 1924
First holderM.D. Kamensky
(as First Secretary)
Final holderAskar Akayev
(as President)
AbolishedAugust 31, 1991 (declared)
December 25, 1991 (official)

In 1919, the Kara-Kyrgyz Autonomous Oblast was created in Soviet Russia. This was the precursor to the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (commonly known as Kirghizia) which was established in 1936 as republic in its own right within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

With the Soviet Union came electricity, water, irrigation, industrialization and literacy to Kyrgyzstan, and the other Soviet Central Asian countries. Scholars such as Alec Nove and J.A. Newth have argued that most development indicators suggests that the Soviet Muslim countries far-exceeded those Muslim countries outside the Soviet sphere of influence. The administrative, political and economic system was revolutionary by Kyrgiz standards, however, numerical indicators of development only partially supports this view, with one claiming that 63.2% of Kyrgyzstan's population still lived in rural areas. This was, however, the highest of any country in Central Asia. The country's higher urbanization rate is in large part because of its large Russian population, with most Europeans living in urban areas. Russian immigration slowed in 1959, the same year the national birth rate increased. However, the indigenous population had for the most part been untouched by Sovietization, an example being that religion was still widespread.

In spite of intense efforts to create socialism from "scratch", the social institutions led to infiltrations by religious, tribal and communal group into the political system. After the death of Joseph Stalin, the level of repression declined and less surveillance from the KGB and Moscow led to an increase in the importance of tribes in communal affairs.

Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast (1924–1925) and Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast (1925–1926)

Holders Took office Left office Nationality
First Secretary of the Kirghiz Provincial Organization of the All-Union Communist Party
M.D. Kamensky
1924
1925
Russian
Nikolay Uzyukov
1925
1926 Russian

Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1926–1936)

Heads of government

Holders Took office Left office
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Yusup Abdrakhmanov
March 12, 1927
September 27, 1933
Bayaly Isakeyev
September 27, 1933
December 5, 1936

Heads of party

Holders Took office Left office Nationality
First Secretary of the Kirghiz Provincial Organization of the All-Union Communist Party
Nikolay Uzyukov
1926
1927
Russian
Vladimir Shubrikov
1927
1929
Russian
Mikhail Kulkov
1929
1930
Russian
Aleksandr Shakhray
1930
1934
Russian
Moris Belotsky
1934
December 5, 1936
Jewish

Heads of state

Holders Took office Left office
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Abdukadyr Urazbekov
March 12, 1927
December 5, 1936

Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)

Heads of government

Holders Took office Left office
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Bayaly Isakeyev
December 5, 1936
September 8, 1937
Murat Salikhov
September 8, 1937
February 15, 1938
Ismail Abuzyarov
February 15, 1938
April 27, 1938
Ivan Rebrov
April 27, 1938
July 19, 1938
Turabay Kulatov
July 19, 1938
November 14, 1945
Iskhak Razzakov
November 14, 1945
July 10, 1950
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
Abdy Suyerkulov
July 10, 1950
March 6, 1958
Kazy Dikambayev
March 6, 1958
May 10, 1961
Bolot Mambetov
May 16, 1961
January 23, 1968
Akhmatbek Suyumbayev
January 23, 1968
December 22, 1978
Sultan Ibraimov
December 22, 1978
December 4, 1980
Pyotr Khodos
December 4, 1980
January 21, 1981
Arstanbek Duysheyev
January 21, 1981
May 20, 1986
Apas Jumagulov
May 20, 1986
21 Jan 1991

Heads of party

Holders Took office Left office Nationality
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Moris Belotsky
December 5, 1936 March 1937 Jewish
First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kirghizia
Maksim Ammosov
April 23, 1937
February 20, 1938
Russian
Aleksey Vagov
February 20, 1938
July 1945
Russian
Nikolay Bogolyubov
July 1945
July 7, 1950
Kyrgyz
Iskhak Razzakov
July 7, 1950
May 9, 1961
Kyrgyz
Turdakun Usubaliyev
May 9, 1961
November 2, 1985
Kyrgyz
Absamat Masaliyev
November 2, 1985
April 6, 1991
Kyrgyz
Jumgalbek Amanbayev
April 6, 1991
August 29, 1991
Kyrgyz

Heads of state

Holders Took office Left office
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Abdukadyr Urazbekov
1936
September 16, 1937
Mikhail Us
September 16, 1937
October 4, 1937
Maryam Tugambayeva
September 16, 1937
October 4, 1937
Sultankul Shamurzin
October 4, 1937
December 16, 1937
Ivan Sokolov
December 16, 1937
February 15, 1938
Murat Salikhov
February 15, 1938
May 15, 1938
Kalima Amankulova
May 15, 1938
July 18, 1938
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
I.P. Boryak
July 18, 1938
July 19, 1938
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Asanaly Tolubayev
July 18, 1938
March 22, 1943
Moldogazy Tokobayev
March 22, 1943
November 14, 1945
Turabay Kulatov
November 14, 1945
August 25, 1978
Sultan Ibraimov
August 25, 1978
December 22, 1978
Andrey Buss
December 22, 1978
January 10, 1979
Arstanbek Duysheyev January 10, 1979
January 14, 1981
Temirbek Koshoyev
January 14, 1981
August 8, 1987
Tashtanbek Akmatov
August 8, 1987
April 10, 1990
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
Absamat Masaliyev
April 10, 1990
October 27, 1990
President of Kyrgyzstan
Askar Akayev
October 27, 1990 December 25, 1991

See also

References

Notes

  1. Collins 2006, pp. 83.
  2. ^ Collins 2006, pp. 84.
  3. ^ Collins 2006, pp. 109.
  4. ^ "Soviet republics: Kirgiz S.S.R." Rulers.org.
  5. ^ Mohapatra, Nalin Kumar (2006). Political Culture and Democratic Development in Central Asia. University of Michigan: Bookwell. p. 53. ISBN 81-89640-17-8.
  6. Abazov, Rafis (2004). Historical Dictionary of Kyrgyzstan. Scarecrow Press. p. 340. ISBN 0-8108-4868-6.
  7. Institute for Central Asian and Caucasian Studies (2006). Central Eurasia: Analytical Annual. CA&CC Press. p. 184. ISBN 91-976993-1-4.
  8. ^ Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Vol. 4. Routledge. 1999. p. 446. ISBN 1-85743-058-1.

Bibliography

External links

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