| Turtle orchid | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | Chiloglottis |
| Species: | C. seminuda |
| Binomial name | |
| Chiloglottis seminuda D.L.Jones | |
Chiloglottis seminuda, commonly known as the turtle orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It has two broad leaves and a single green or reddish pink flower with a shiny black insect-like callus covering two-thirds of the base of the labellum but with the tip of the labellum free of callus.
Description
Chiloglottis pluricallata is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two elliptic to oblong leaves 25–85 mm (1–3 in) long and 10–18 mm (0.4–0.7 in) wide on a petiole 5–20 mm (0.2–0.8 in) long. A single green to reddish pink flower 10–14 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long is borne on a flowering stem 100–150 mm (4–6 in) high. The dorsal sepal is erect, narrow spatula-shaped, 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long and 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.12 in) wide. The lateral sepals are linear, 13–18 mm (0.5–0.7 in) long, about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide, turn downwards and away from each other. There is a glandular tip 2–2.5 mm (0.08–0.1 in) long on the end of the dorsal sepal and about 3–7 mm (0.1–0.3 in) long on the lateral sepals. The petals are narrow oblong, 8–11 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide and turn downwards towards the ovary. The labellum is diamond-shaped, 8–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and 5–6.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. There is a shiny black, insect-like callus 1.8 mm (0.07 in) long, occupying two-thirds of its base. The callus is surrounded by pinkish, club-shaped calli and by short black calli nearer the tip. The remaining one-third of the labellum is devoid of calli. The column is pale green with dark purple spots and flecks, 6.5–7.5 mm (0.26–0.30 in) long, about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide with narrow wings. Flowering occurs from January to April.
Taxonomy and naming
Chiloglottis seminuda was first formally described in 1991 by David Jones from a specimen collected near Penrose and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research. The specific epithet (seminuda) is derived from the Latin prefix semi- meaning "a half" and nuda meaning "bare" or "naked", referring to the bare one-third of the tip of the labellum.
Distribution and habitat
The turtle orchid grows in moist forest mainly between the Blue Mountains and Clyde Mountain but there are several isolated records from Victoria.
References
- "Chiloglottis seminuda". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 140. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ Jones, David L. (1991). "New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae". Australian Orchid Research. 2: 41.
- ^ Jones, David L. "Chiloglottis seminuda". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
- ^ Jeanes, Jeff; Stajsic, Val. "Chiloglottis seminuda". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
- "Chiloglottis seminuda". APNI. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
External links
Data related to Chiloglottis seminuda at Wikispecies
Media related to Chiloglottis seminuda at Wikimedia Commons
