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Japanese Korean Army
Surrender of Japanese Forces in Southern Korea
Active	March 11, 1904 – August 15, 1945
Country	Empire of Japan
Allegiance	Emperor of Japan
Branch	Imperial Japanese Army
Type	Infantry
Role	Army
Garrison/HQ	Keijo

The Japanese Korean Army (朝鮮軍, Chōsen-gun, lit. 'Korean military') was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army that formed a garrison force in Korea under Japanese rule. The Korean Army consisted of roughly 350,000 troops in 1914.

History

Japanese forces occupied large portions of the Empire of Korea during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, and a substantial Korean Garrison Army (韓国駐剳軍, Kankoku Chusatsugun) was established in Seoul to protect the Japanese embassy and civilians on March 11, 1904. After the Annexation of Korea by the Empire of Japan in 1910, this force was renamed the Chosen Chusatsugun, and was further renamed the Japanese Korean Army on June 1, 1918. The primary task of the Korean Army was to guard the Korean peninsula against possible incursions from the Soviet Union; however, its units were also used for suppression of nationalist uprisings and political dissent within Korea itself. The Korean Army also came to the assistance of the Kwantung Army in its unauthorized invasion of Manchuria in 1931. In 1941, the Army was subordinated to the General Defense Command.

While Seishirō Itagaki (板垣 征四郎) was commander of the Chosen Army from 7 July 1939 to 7 April 1945, Japan began assembling its nuclear weapons program with the industrial site near the Chosen reservoir as its equivalent to the Oak Ridge laboratory for the United States' Manhattan Project. Both Itagaki and Masanobu Tsuji (辻 政信) refused to support neither peace between Japan and the United States nor have Japan attack the Soviet Union during Nazi Germany's Operation Barbarosa. It may have altered world history. Tsuji planned to assassinate Fumimaro Konoe if Konoe had Japan attack the Soviet Union during Operation Barbarosa and maintain peace with the United States.

In 1945, as the situation in the Pacific War was turning increasingly against Japan, the Army was transformed into the Japanese Seventeenth Area Army, and subsequently placed under the overall administrative command of the Kwantung Army. Its two undermanned infantry divisions were unable to withstand the massive Soviet Red Army armored and amphibious assault on Korea during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. After the surrender of Japan, the Army south of the 38 parallel remained armed under operational command of the United States Army to maintain public order until the arrival of substantial Allied forces to take control.

List of Commanders

Commanding officer

Chief of Staff

References

1. Wilcox, Robert K. (10 December 2019). Japan's Secret War: How Japan's Race to Build its Own Atomic Bomb Provided the Groundwork for North Korea's Nuclear Program. Permuted Press (third edition). ISBN 978-1682618967.
2. Goldman, Stuart D. (August 28, 2012). "The Forgotten Soviet-Japanese War of 1939: From May to September 1939, the USSR and Japan fought an undeclared war involving over 100,000 troops". The Diplomat. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
3. Budge, Kent G. Tsuji Masanobu (1901-1961?). Pacific War Online Encyclopedia website. Retrieved 11 December 2020.

• Frank, Richard B (1999). Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-41424-X.
• Jowett, Bernard (1999). The Japanese Army 1931-45 (Volume 2, 1942-45). Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-354-3.
• Madej, Victor (1981). Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937–1945. Game Publishing Company. ASIN: B000L4CYWW.
• Marston, Daniel (2005). The Pacific War Companion: From Pearl Harbor to Hiroshima. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-882-0.

External links

• Wendel, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook". Japanese Korea Army.

See also

• Korea under Japanese rule
• Armies of the Imperial Japanese Army

v t e Korea under Japanese rule
Colony of the Empire of Japan from 1910 to 1945
Government	Governor-General of Chōsen (list) Japanese Korean Army
Cultural policies	Chōsen Art Exhibition (1922–1944) Chosun Exhibition (1929) Colored Clothes Campaign (1920–1945) Office of the Yi Dynasty Sōshi-kaimei (1939–1945) Shinto in Korea State Shinto
Economy	Bank of Chōsen Hwacheon Dam Korean yen Sup'ung Dam Companies Chōsen Anthracite Company Chōsen Government Railway Chosen Railway Oriental Development Company
Controversies	Comfort women (list) Sakhalin Koreans Forced labor Aso Mining forced labor controversy Hashima Island Korean Women's Volunteer Labour Corps Sado Island Slavery during World War II Utoro, Uji Events 105-Man Incident (1911) March First Movement (1919) Jeamri Massacre (1919) Battle of Fengwudong (1920) Battle of Samdunja Battle of Qingshanli (1920) Gando Massacre (1920–1921) Shinano River incident (1922) Kantō Massacre (1923) June Tenth Movement (1926) Gwangju Student Independence Movement (1929) Hongkou Park Incident (1932) Battle of Pochonbo (1937) Korean Language Society Incident (1942) Collaborators Five Eulsa Traitors Hong Sa-ik Iljinhoe Korean History Compilation Committee Park Yeong-hyo Refrain Club Park Jung-yang Song Byeong-jun Yi Yun-yong Independence movement Declaration of Independence Independence Club Korean National Association List of militant independence organizations List of independence activists Provisional Government
Places and structures	Altteureu Airfield Gyeongbokgung Government-General Museum of Chōsen Heijō Shrine Hyochang Park Japanese General Government Building, Seoul Keijō (Seoul) Keijō Post Office Keijō Shrine Keijō Imperial University Seodaemun Prison
Legacy	Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea Anti-Korean sentiment in Japan Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine Japan–Korea disputes Japan–North Korea relations Japan–South Korea relations Japanese history textbook controversies List of war apology statements issued by Japan Division of Korea (1945–) Koreans in Japan (1945–) Hibakusha (1945–) Treaty of San Francisco (1952) Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea (1965) Independence Hall of Korea (1987–) Murayama Statement (1995) Special Law to Redeem Pro-Japanese Collaborators' Property (2005) Museum of Japanese Colonial History in Korea (2018–) Comfort women Futsukaichi Rest Home (1946–1947) The Korean Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sexual Slavery by Japan (1990–) Wednesday demonstration (1992–) Kono Statement (1993) Asian Women's Fund (1994) Shimonoseki Trial (1998) Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery (2000) United States House of Representatives House Resolution 121 (2007) Japan–South Korea Comfort Women Agreement (2015)

• Field armies of the Imperial Japanese Army
• Military of Korea under Japanese rule
• Military units and formations established in 1904
• Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
• Japan–Korea relations
• Korean Empire
• 1900s establishments in Korea
• 1945 disestablishments in Korea