Clarkson Golden Knights RPI Engineers | |
Sport | Ice hockey |
---|---|
First meeting | 24 January 1925 Rensselaer 14, Clarkson 1 |
Latest meeting | 20 January 2023 Rensselaer 3, Clarkson 2 |
Next meeting | TBA |
Stadiums | Cheel Arena Houston Field House |
Statistics | |
Meetings total | 165 |
All-time series | Clarkson, 100–54–11 (.639) |
Largest victory | Clarkson, 16–1 (5 March 1966) |
Longest win streak | Clarkson, 11 (9 December 1978 – 26 February 1983) |
62miles Rensselaer Clarkson Locations of Clarkson and Rensselaer
The Clarkson–RPI men's ice hockey rivalry is a college ice hockey rivalry between the Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey and RPI Engineers men's ice hockey programs. The first meeting between the two occurred on January 24, 1925.
History
Rensselaer's ice hockey program is one of the oldest in the country, tracing its beginning back to 1902. Clarkson began its program almost 20 years later and while RPI was one of the nearest potential opponents, the two didn't meet until Clarkson's 5th season of play. Due to a combination of several circumstances, including a limited schedule for both teams and RPI suspending its program for most of the 1930s and 40s, the two did not meet again until 1951. The second match occurred the same year that both schools founded the Tri-State League, the first official conference for NCAA ice hockey. Since then, the two have remained conference rivals, with both also being founding members of ECAC Hockey in 1961. Since 1953, Clarkson and Rensselaer have played one another at least twice every season until RPI was forced to cancel its entire 20–21 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Game results
Full game results for the rivalry, with rankings beginning in the 1998–99 season.
Clarkson victories | Rensselaer victories | Tie games |
No. | Date | Location | Winning team | Losing team | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 24 January 1925 | Troy Rink; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 14 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
2 | 13 February 1951 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 9 | Rensselaer | 2 | Tri-State League play begins | |
3 | 1 March 1952 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
4 | 21 February 1953 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
5 | 27 February 1953 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 5 | Tie | 5 | (OT) | |
6 | 6 February 1954 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 8 | Clarkson | 0 | ||
7 | 13 February 1954 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
8 | 10 December 1954 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
9 | 18 February 1955 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
10 | 11 February 1956 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
11 | 3 March 1956 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
12 | 1 December 1956 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 5 | (OT) | |
13 | 9 February 1957 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | (OT) | |
14 | 31 January 1958 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
15 | 8 February 1958 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
16 | 28 February 1959 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
17 | 7 March 1959 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
18 | 5 December 1959 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
19 | 5 February 1960 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 7 | Clarkson | 5 | ||
20 | 10 February 1961 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
21 | 4 March 1961 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 8 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
22 | 9 December 1961 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 3 | ECAC play begins | |
23 | 17 February 1962 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
24 | 8 December 1962 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
25 | 16 February 1963 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
26 | 15 February 1964 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 13 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
27 | 29 February 1964 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
28 | 14 March 1964 | Boston Garden; Boston, MA | Rensselaer | 7 | Clarkson | 2 | ECAC consolation game | |
29 | 5 December 1964 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
30 | 13 February 1965 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
31 | 11 February 1966 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
32 | 5 March 1966 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 16 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
33 | 3 December 1966 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
34 | 18 February 1967 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 10 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
35 | 9 February 1968 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
36 | 2 March 1968 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
37 | 7 December 1968 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
38 | 14 February 1969 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
39 | 13 February 1970 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
40 | 28 February 1970 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
41 | 5 December 1970 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Tie | 3 | Tie | 3 | (OT) | |
42 | 12 February 1971 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
43 | 30 December 1971 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | Rensselaer Holiday Tournament round robin | |
44 | 11 February 1972 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
45 | 26 February 1972 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | Tri-State League play ends | |
46 | 24 November 1972 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
47 | 9 December 1972 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
48 | 11 February 1973 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
49 | 1 December 1973 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 9 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
50 | 8 February 1974 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
51 | 7 December 1974 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
52 | 7 February 1975 | Clarkson Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 7 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
53 | 6 December 1975 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
54 | 6 February 1976 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 6 | Tie | 6 | (OT) | |
55 | 4 December 1976 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
56 | 28 December 1976 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 2 | Rensselaer Holiday Tournament round robin | |
57 | 4 February 1977 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 6 | ||
58 | 25 November 1977 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
59 | 10 December 1977 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
60 | 3 February 1978 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 7 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
61 | 9 December 1978 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
62 | 10 February 1979 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 10 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
63 | 13 December 1979 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 6 | ||
64 | 8 February 1980 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
65 | 28 February 1981 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
66 | 7 March 1981 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | (OT) | |
67 | 12 December 1981 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
68 | 26 February 1982 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
69 | 12 November 1982 | Glens Falls Civic Center; Glens Falls, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 3 | Empire Cup semifinal | |
70 | 11 December 1982 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
71 | 26 February 1983 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 9 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
72 | 10 December 1983 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
73 | 24 February 1984 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
74 | 9 March 1984 | Boston Garden; Boston, MA | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | ECAC semifinal | |
75 | 17 November 1984 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
76 | 1 February 1985 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 7 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
77 | 16 November 1985 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 1 | Tie | 1 | ||
78 | 31 January 1986 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
79 | 7 March 1986 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 1 | ECAC quarterfinal game 1 | |
80 | 8 March 1986 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 4 | ECAC quarterfinal game 2 | |
81 | 14 November 1986 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
82 | 31 January 1987 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 2 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
83 | 13 November 1987 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
84 | 30 January 1988 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
85 | 12 November 1988 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Tie | 2 | Tie | 2 | ||
86 | 27 January 1989 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
87 | 11 November 1989 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
88 | 26 January 1990 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 3 | ||
89 | 12 November 1990 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 4 | (OT) | |
90 | 27 January 1991 | Walker Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 8 | Rensselaer | 5 | ||
91 | 7 December 1991 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | (OT) | |
92 | 14 February 1992 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | (OT) | |
93 | 5 December 1992 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
94 | 19 February 1993 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
95 | 19 March 1993 | Olympic Arena; Lake Placid, NY | Clarkson | 5 | St. Lawrence | 3 | ECAC semifinal | |
96 | 19 November 1993 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
97 | 5 February 1994 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 4 | ||
98 | 18 March 1994 | Olympic Arena; Lake Placid, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 2 | ECAC semifinal | |
99 | 11 November 1994 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
100 | 4 February 1995 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 2 | Tie | 2 | (OT) | |
101 | 1 December 1995 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
102 | 10 February 1996 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
103 | 22 November 1996 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
104 | 8 February 1997 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
105 | 1 December 1997 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 11 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
106 | 10 February 1998 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
107 | 30 January 1999 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | No. 8 Rensselaer | 3 | ||
108 | 12 February 1999 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 4 | ||
109 | 13 November 1999 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 6 Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
110 | 25 February 2000 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
111 | 12 January 2001 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | No. 12 Rensselaer | 2 | ||
112 | 10 February 2001 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 14 Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
113 | 11 January 2002 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
114 | 9 February 2002 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | (OT) | |
115 | 16 March 2002 | Olympic Arena; Lake Placid, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ECAC consolation game | |
116 | 8 November 2002 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
117 | 1 February 2003 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
118 | 7 November 2003 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | (OT) | |
119 | 7 February 2004 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
120 | 5 November 2004 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
121 | 22 January 2005 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 3 | ||
122 | 4 November 2005 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 3 | Tie | 3 | (OT) | |
123 | 14 January 2006 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | No. 13 Clarkson | 3 | ||
124 | 19 January 2007 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | No. 10 Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
125 | 17 February 2007 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 3 | Tie | 3 | (OT) | |
126 | 25 January 2008 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 10 Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
127 | 23 February 2008 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | No. 12 Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
128 | 24 January 2009 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | (OT) | |
129 | 27 February 2009 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
130 | 13 November 2009 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
131 | 6 February 2010 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 2 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
132 | 7 January 2011 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | No. 10 Rensselaer | 2 | (OT) | |
133 | 19 February 2011 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 14 Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
134 | 4 November 2011 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
135 | 6 February 2012 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
136 | 2 March 2012 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 1 | ECAC first round game 1 | |
137 | 3 March 2012 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 3 | (OT), ECAC first round game 2 | |
138 | 4 March 2012 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 4 | Clarkson | 1 | ECAC first round game 3 | |
139 | 9 February 2013 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 6 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
140 | 1 March 2013 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 5 | Clarkson | 0 | ||
141 | 31 January 2014 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 15 Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
142 | 22 February 2014 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Tie | 2 | Tie | 2 | (OT) | |
143 | 7 February 2015 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
144 | 17 February 2015 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Tie | 3 | Tie | 3 | (OT) | |
145 | 2 March 2015 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 2 | ECAC first round game 1 | |
146 | 3 March 2015 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 0 | ECAC first round game 2 | |
147 | 4 March 2015 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 1 | ECAC first round game 3 | |
148 | 6 November 2015 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Tie | 2 | Tie | 2 | (OT) | |
149 | 6 February 2016 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 4 | No. 14 Rensselaer | 2 | ||
150 | 22 November 2016 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
151 | 7 January 2017 | Herb Brooks Arena; Lake Placid, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
152 | 28 January 2017 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 2 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
153 | 3 March 2017 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 7 | Rensselaer | 4 | ECAC first round game 1 | |
154 | 4 March 2017 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 4 | Rensselaer | 2 | ECAC first round game 2 | |
155 | 3 November 2017 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 13 Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
156 | 24 November 2017 | SSE Arena Belfast; Belfast, NI | No. 5 Clarkson | 2 | Rensselaer | 0 | Friendship Four semifinal | |
157 | 13 January 2018 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | No. 3 Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
158 | 2 November 2018 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Clarkson | 6 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
159 | 12 January 2019 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | No. 16 Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 2 | ||
160 | 9 November 2019 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | No. 8 Clarkson | 2 | Rensselaer | 1 | ||
161 | 3 January 2020 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | No. 4 Clarkson | 1 | ||
162 | 6 November 2021 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 1 | ||
163 | 3 January 2022 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 5 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
164 | 5 November 2022 | Cheel Arena; Potsdam, NY | Clarkson | 3 | Rensselaer | 0 | ||
165 | 20 January 2023 | Houston Field House; Troy, NY | Rensselaer | 3 | Clarkson | 2 | ||
Series: Clarkson leads 100–54–11 |
Series facts
Statistic | Clarkson | Rensselaer |
---|---|---|
Games played | 165 | |
Wins | 100 | 54 |
Home wins | 52 | 28 |
Road wins | 44 | 22 |
Neutral site wins | 4 | 4 |
Goals scored | 706 | 530 |
Most goals scored in a game by one team | 16 (5 March 1966) | 14 (24 January 1925) |
Most goals in a game by both teams | 17 (5 March 1966 – Clarkson 16, Rensselaer 1), (15 February 1964 – Clarkson 13, Rensselaer 4) | |
Fewest goals in a game by both teams | 2 (16 November 1985, 24 November 2017) | |
Fewest goals scored in a game by one team in a win | 2 (1987, 2017, 2019) | 2 (2010, 2017) |
Most goals scored in a game by one team in a loss | 5 (1 December 1956, 5 February 1960) | 6 (4 February 1977, 13 December 1979) |
Largest margin of victory | 15 (5 March 1966) | 13 (24 January 1925) |
Longest winning streak | 11 (9 December 1978 – 26 February 1983) | 4 (3 times) |
Longest unbeaten streak | 11 (9 December 1978 – 26 February 1983) | 6 (7 November 2003 – 14 January 2006) |
References
- ^ "Rensselaer Men's Hockey Results by Season" (PDF). RPI Engineers. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
- "Clarkson Men's Hockey 2017-18 Media Guide". Clarkson Golden Knights. Retrieved 2018-09-17.