Cockatoo Island - Misplaced Pages

Heritage listed island in Sydney Harbour This article is about an island in New South Wales. For other places with the same name, see Cockatoo Island (disambiguation).

Cockatoo Island
WareamahSydney, New South Wales

Cockatoo Island

Nearest town or city

Woolwich

Coordinates

33°50′51″S 151°10′21″E / 33.84750°S 151.17250°E / -33.84750; 151.17250

Postcode(s)

2110

Area

0.179 km (0.1 sq mi)

Location

4 km (2 mi) northwest of CBD

Managing authorities

Sydney Harbour Federation Trust

Website

Cockatoo Island

Localities around Cockatoo Island:
Woolwich	Parramatta River	Lane Cove River
Spectacle Island	Cockatoo Island	Goat Island
Iron Cove	Balmain	Birchgrove

Cockatoo Island
UNESCO World Heritage Site

Part of	Australian Convict Sites
Criteria	Cultural: iv, vi
Reference	1306-010
Inscription	2010 (34th Session)

Cockatoo Island Wareamah is a UNESCO World Heritage Site at the confluence of the Parramatta River and Lane Cove River in Sydney Harbour, New South Wales, Australia.

Cockatoo Island is the largest of several harbour islands that were once heavily timbered sandstone knolls. Originally the Island rose to 18 m (59 ft) above sea level and was 12.9 hectares (32 acres) but it has been extended to 17.9 ha (44 acres) and is now cleared of most vegetation. Called Wa-rea-mah by the Indigenous Australians who traditionally inhabited the land prior to European settlement, the island may have been used as a fishing base, although physical evidence of Aboriginal heritage has not been found on the island.

Between 1839 and 1869, Cockatoo Island operated as a convict penal establishment, primarily as a place of secondary punishment for convicts who had re-offended in the colonies.

Cockatoo Island was also the site of one of Australia's biggest shipyards, operating between 1857 and 1991. The first of its two dry docks was built by convicts. Listed on the National Heritage List, the island is significant for its demonstration of the characteristics of a long-running dockyard and shipbuilding complex, including evidence of key functions, structures and operational layout. Cockatoo Island contains the nation's most extensive and varied record of shipbuilding, and has the potential to enhance understanding of maritime and heavy industrial processes in Australia from the mid-19th century.

In July 2010, UNESCO proclaimed Cockatoo Island as a World Heritage Site, and has been managed by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust since 2001.

Recent use and activities

The island is managed by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust which is also responsible for seven other lands around Sydney Harbour. The Harbour Trust is revitalising the island as a landmark harbour attraction with cultural events and heritage interpretation. Today Cockatoo Island retains some remnants of its past. Its prison buildings have been World Heritage listed, part of a serial listing of 11 Australian Convict Sites.

Although some large workshops, slipways, wharves, residences and other buildings remain, major buildings were demolished after Cockatoo Island closed as a dockyard in 1991. As the remaining buildings contain few of their original industrial artefacts and none of the remaining industrial heritage including the docks, caissons and cranes is operational, it is difficult to currently see how the island functioned as a dockyard for over a century.

In late March 2005 the Harbour Trust, in partnership with an event organiser, held the Cockatoo Island Festival. The event put the island on Sydney's cultural map and initiated a range of cultural activities including contemporary art installations, exhibitions and festivals.

The Harbour Trust opened a camp and glampsite on the island in 2008. The camp ground attracts some 20,000 campers a year and is a popular spot for watching Sydney's renowned New Year's Eve fireworks. In 2010, the island attracted a capacity crowd of over 2000 campers to view NYE fireworks. Other island holiday accommodation consists of five renovated houses and apartments with harbour and city views.

Sydney Ferries services Cockatoo Island as part of its Woolwich/Balmain ferry route and Parramatta RiverCat route. Day visitors are welcome, and can picnic, barbecue, visit the cafe, wander at leisure or take an audio or guided tour. Cockatoo Island is open daily and there is no admission charge.

Regular events and art installations are a feature of the island.

Cockatoo Island has grown into a versatile cultural venue on Sydney's cultural calendar. In 2008, it was a major venue partner of the 16th Biennale of Sydney, attracting over 80,000 visitors over 12 weeks. In 2010, the event attracted over 156,000 people. In 2009, Cockatoo Island hosted the Sydney Festival's "All Tomorrow's Parties" music festival. The two-day festival included twenty-four bands over four stages across the island, and was curated and headlined by Nick Cave, attracting an audience of over 11,000. The island hosted the World's Funniest Island Comedy Festival in October 2009, with 200 comedy acts appearing over a weekend, attracting over 8,000 visitors.

The island is also increasingly used as a venue for private events both large and small. Part of films Unbroken (film) and the blockbuster X-Men Origins: Wolverine were filmed there in 2008. Reality television programs have also used the island as a location.

Cockatoo Island was the site of a temporary public artwork which resembled the shadow of Captain Cook's commemorative statue in Sydney. This piece named 'Shadow on the Land, an excavation' by Nicholas Galanin excavated an outline of the statue on a grass patch, created for the 2020 Biennale of Sydney (22nd edition).

Early history

Before the arrival of Europeans, Cockatoo Island was used by the indigenous Australian people of Sydney's coastal region. In 1839 it was chosen as the site of a new penal establishment by the Governor of the colony of New South Wales, Sir George Gipps. Between 1839 and 1869 the island was used as a convict prison. Initially, prisoners were transferred to Cockatoo Island from Norfolk Island, and were employed constructing their barracks and rock-cut silos for storing the colony's grain supply. By 1842, approximately 140 tonnes (140 long tons; 150 short tons) of grain were stored on the island.

Later, quarrying on the island provided stone for construction projects around Sydney, including the seawall for Circular Quay. Between 1847 and 1857, convicts were used to dig the Fitzroy Dock, Australia's first dry dock, on the island. An estimated 1.5 million cubic feet (42,000 m) of rock was excavated with 480,000 cu ft (14,000 m) forming the dock itself.

In 2009, an archeological dig on the island uncovered convict era punishment cells under the cookhouse. These cells give a valuable insight into the conditions convicts lived under on the island.

One prisoner on Cockatoo Island was the Australian bushranger, Captain Thunderbolt, who escaped in 1863 to begin the crime spree which made him famous. It is alleged that his wife swam across to the island with tools to effect his escape, following which they both swam back to the mainland. There is no significant evidence to support this claim.

From 1871 to 1913 facilities on the island often referred to the name Biloela instead of Cockatoo Island to avoid the stigma of the island's convict past.

Fitzroy Graving Dock

Main article: Fitzroy Dock

The dock was designed by Gother Kerr Mann, the island's Civil Engineer, and built between 1847 and 1857 utilising convict labour. The foundation stone of its ashlar lining was laid on 5 June 1854 by Governor Charles Augustus FitzRoy, with the dock being named in his honour. When completed in 1857, the dry dock was 316 ft (96 m) in length and 76 ft (23 m) in breadth, with an entrance 60 ft (18 m) wide. HMS Herald was the first sailing vessel to enter the dock in December 1857. The Fitzroy Dock was lengthened in 1870–1880 to 643 ft (196 m).

Number 1 (Sutherland) Dock

Main article: Sutherland Dock

The dock was constructed under the supervision of the engineer Louis Samuel between 1882 and 1890. The dock was named after John Sutherland, the Secretary for Public Works and was large enough to accommodate ships of 20,000 t (20,000 long tons; 22,000 short tons). The dock was modified in 1913 and in 1927 to accommodate Royal Australian Navy ships.

Industrial School, Reformatory and Gaol

In 1864, the island was split between the NSW Department of Prisons and the Public Works Department, which expanded the dockyard around the foreshores. In 1869, the convicts were relocated to Darlinghurst Gaol and the prison complex became an Industrial School for Girls and also a Reformatory.

Cockatoo Island Dockyard

Main article: Cockatoo Island Dockyard

Shipbuilding began on Cockatoo Island in 1870. In 1913, Cockatoo Island was transferred to the Commonwealth Government to become the Naval Dockyard of the Royal Australian Navy. Over a period of several years prior to World War I, five slipways were either upgraded or constructed in the island, with Numbers 1 and 2 still retained by the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust.

The torpedo boat destroyer HMAS Warrego was the first naval ship launched at Cockatoo Island, after being built in the United Kingdom, disassembled, then sent to the Australian shipyard for reassembly. During World War I, the dockyard built, repaired and refitted many ships. At its peak during the war, some 4,000 men were employed on the island.

In 1933, Cockatoo Island was leased to the Cockatoo Docks & Engineering Company for 21 years. The lease was renewed in 1954 for a further 20 years and again in 1972 for 21 years.

In 1995, community action played an important role in the preservation of the place. A group 'Friends of Cockatoo Island' was founded by Jack Clark and his wife Mary Shelley Clark, to fight for the preservation of the Island and other former Defence sites around Sydney Harbour. Their and other group's campaigns resulted in the Federal Government's decision to establish the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust which aimed to protect many Harbour sites including the Cockatoo Island.

Heritage listings

In July 2010, at the 34th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, Cockatoo Island and ten other Australian sites with a significant association with convict transportation were inscribed as a group on the World Heritage List as the Australian Convict Sites. The listing explains that the eleven sites present "the best surviving examples of large-scale convict transportation and the colonial expansion of European powers through the presence and labour of convicts". Of the eleven sites, as well as Cockatoo Island, the Hyde Park Barracks, Old Great North Road, and Old Government House at Parramatta are also within the Sydney region.

Parts of Cockatoo Island are the subject of other heritage listings. Listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List are:

Cockatoo Island events

Since 2005, Cockatoo Island has hosted a number of major events. They range from collaborations with the Sydney Writers' Festival to an international freestyle motocross competition. A summary is provided in the following table:

Festival name	Details and comments
Biennale of Sydney	In 2008, Cockatoo Island became a major venue for the Biennale of Sydney. The contemporary arts festival attracted approximately 86,000 visitors to the island over 10 weeks. In 2010, the island hosted the 17th Biennale of Sydney. Over 120 works of art by 56 artists were exhibited and attracted approximately 157,000 people. During 2012, the 18th Biennale of Sydney was held, with Cockatoo Island being the main festival venue.
Cockatoo Island Festival	In 2005, a three-day music and arts festival was held on the refurbished island, utilising abandoned buildings and warehouses as exhibition rooms, concert halls and shopping/food venues. The festival was headlined by local and international musical groups and artists. The festival attracted over 20,000 people and featured over 120 musical acts, as well as stand-up comedians, performance artists and more. A dedicated ferry service ran day and night to take ticket holders to and from the island. The festival did not return to the island in this format and was reborn elsewhere as The Great Escape in 2006.
Cockatoo Island Film Festival	October 2012.
Urs Fischer Installation	In 2007, Cockatoo Island hosted an art installation by New York-based Swiss artist Urs Fischer. The installation was a partnership with Kaldor Public Art Projects.
Red Bull X-Fighters World Tour Finale	The final of the world's leading freestyle motocross competition in conjunction with Wingman Marketing Australia was held on Cockatoo Island for the first time in October 2011, and is scheduled for October 2012.
Sydney Festival	In 2009, Cockatoo Island was the venue for a major component of the Sydney Festival, the Nick Cave–curated All Tomorrow's Parties music festival. The event attracted approximately 12,000 people.
Underbelly Festival	In 2010, Cockatoo Island hosted the Underbelly Festival, a collaboration of 150 artists on innovative and experimental projects over a 10-day residency and festival finale.
Ken Unsworth Installations	In 2009, the artist Ken Unsworth's tribute to his wife, A Ringing Glass (Rilke) was an ambitious installation of galleries constructed inside the island's Turbine Shop. In 2011, Unsworth returned to Cockatoo Island with As I Crossed the Bridge of Dreams, a show incorporating dance, sculptural creations, music and song.
World's Funniest Island Comedy Festival	In 2009, Cockatoo Island hosted the comedy festival. Held over two days, it attracted approximately 8000 people.
Haunting: Australia Television Show	In 2013, paranormal investigation television show, Haunting: Australia, investigated Cockatoo Island for alleged paranormal activity. The show aired to high ratings around the world including on REALLY UKTV in the UK, and SYFY in the USA. Haunting: Australia features Australian Allen Tiller, and international paranormal investigators, Robb Demarest, Gaurav Tiwari, Rayleen Kable, Ian Lawman and Ray Jorden.

Planning and projects

Stewardship of Cockatoo Island was handed to the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust in 2001 to plan a new chapter for the island as publicly owned urban park. In 2003 the Harbour Trust completed a comprehensive plan for Cockatoo Island and other sites around Sydney Harbour managed by the Trust. The initial plan, approved by the Minister in 2003, proposed the revitalisation of Cockatoo Island as a landmark harbour attraction with the revival of maritime activities, the interpretation of its rich colonial and industrial heritage, and the creation of parklands and spaces for cultural events. In 2010, the Harbour Trust produced a revised management plan for the island.

Urban Islands

In 2009 the Urban Islands masterclass was taught "by 3 groups of international emerging architects on and about the controversial site of Cockatoo Island":

Cross disciplinary creativity, experimental tactics and broad based participation are needed to inject Cockatoo Island with renewed life. The proposals developed in the 12-days play an active role in generating tangible proposals for Cockatoo Island, producing outcomes such as large-scale installations, futurologist proposals, media activism experiments, and greater harbour master planning visions.

One of the masterclass leaders was Geoff Manaugh, author of the influential BLDGBLOG. A second masterclass was planned for 2011.

Transport

When a working dockyard, Sydney Ferries Limited and its successors operated services from Circular Quay to the island at shift changeover times.

In April 2007, the wharf reopened for a three-month trial coinciding with the reopening of the island as a tourist attraction. Since then services have expanded, and today it is served by Sydney Ferries Parramatta River services operating between Circular Quay and Parramatta. It is also the terminus for all stops Cockatoo Island ferry services from Circular Quay. The single wharf is served by First Fleet and RiverCat class ferries.

References

^ Chalmers, Emma; Martin, Saray (1 August 2010). "World Heritage Committee approves Australian Convict Sites as places of importance". The Courier–Mail. Australia. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
"Sydney Harbour Federation Trust Management Plan – Cockatoo Island Part 1" (PDF). Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. Australian Government. 23 June 2010. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
^ "Management Plan – Cockatoo Island" (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia: Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
Executive summary. Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. January 2008. ISBN 978-0-642-55390-4. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
"2. Description". Australian convict sites: World Heritage Nomination (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. January 2008. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-0-642-55390-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
^ "Cockatoo Island: more information". National heritage places. Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
"Cockatoo Island". National Archives of Australia. 1927. Archived from the original (Photo) on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
"Staying on Cockatoo Island". Cockatoo Island. Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
"Sites – Cockatoo: Planning". Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. Archived from the original on 4 March 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2006.
"World's Funniest Island Festival". www.kadmusarts.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
Selinger-Morris, Louise Hall and Samantha (6 October 2010). "Cockatoo Island festival of comedy falls flat". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
"Cockatoo Island to host Unbroken director Angelina Jolie". Sydney Morning Herald. 31 October 2013. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
"LOCATION SPOTLIGHT: COCKATOO ISLAND". Ausfilm. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
"Filming Locations for X-Men Origins: Wolverine (2009), in Australia, New Zealand and British Columbia". The Worldwide Guide to Movie Locations. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
"Wolverine Shed". LocationsHub. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
"Shadow on the Land, an excavation and bush burial - Nicholas Galanin". Google Arts & Culture. Archived from the original on 21 July 2023. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
^ "Sites: Cockatoo Island". Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. Archived from the original on 12 February 2006. Retrieved 10 April 2006.
Collerton, Sarah (25 September 2009). "Convict era punishment cells unearthed". ABC News. Australia. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2009.
^ Gillett, Ross; Melliar-Phelps, Michael (1980). A Century of Ships in Sydney Harbour. Rigby Publishers Ltd. p. 12. ISBN 0-7270-1201-0.
"THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 27 May 1871. p. 7. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
"THE FORTHCOMING AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S SHOW". The Empire. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 3 June 1871. p. 2. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
"MELBOURNE". Australian Town and Country Journal. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 3 June 1871. p. 8. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
Shirley Fitzgerald (2010). "Biloela Reformatory and Industrial School". Dictionary of Sydney. Dictionary of Sydney Trust. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
"Our History". Cockatoo Island. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
"UNESCO World Heritage Centre – World Heritage Committee inscribes seven cultural sites on World Heritage List". UNESCO World Heritage Centre website (Press release). United Nations. 31 July 2010. Archived from the original on 4 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
"Cockatoo Island Industrial Conservation Area (Place ID 105262)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
"Prison Barracks Precinct (Place ID 105256)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
"Barracks Block (Place ID 105257)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
"Military Guard Room (Place ID 105258)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
"Mess Hall (former) (Place ID 105259)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
"Underground Grain Silos (Place ID 105264)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
"Biloela Group (Place ID 105263)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
"Fitzroy Dock (Place ID 105261)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
"Sutherland Dock (Place ID 105260)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
"Power House / Pump House (Place ID 105265)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
"Intensive Design Studio on Cockatoo Island, Sydney Harbour". Urban Islands. 2009. Archived from the original on 21 July 2009. Retrieved 23 July 2009.
Annual Report for year ended 30 June 2007 Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Sydney Ferries
"F3 Parramatta River ferry timetable". Transport for NSW.
"F8 Cockatoo Island ferry timetable". Transport for NSW.

External links

Cockatoo Island website
Sydney Harbour Federation Trust Sites – Cockatoo Island
Vintage aerial photograph by Frank Hurley at the National Library of Australia
UNESCO announcement of World Heritage listing
Patrick Fletcher – Sydney Harbour Federation Trust (2011). "Cockatoo Island". Dictionary of Sydney. Dictionary of Sydney Trust. Retrieved 6 October 2015.

Articles related to Cockatoo Island

v t e Suburbs and localities within Inner West Council, Inner West, Sydney
Annandale Ashfield Ashbury Balmain Balmain East Birchgrove Camperdown Cockatoo Island Croydon Croydon Park Dobroyd Point Dulwich Hill Enmore Haberfield Hurlstone Park Leichhardt Lewisham Lilyfield Marrickville Newtown Petersham Rozelle St Peters Stanmore Summer Hill Sydenham Tempe
List of Sydney suburbs

v t e Sydney landmarks
Buildings / structures	Admiralty House Archibald Fountain Australia Square Bankstown Reservoir Boothtown Aqueduct Cadmans Cottage Campbell's Stores The Cenotaph Central station Chifley Tower Citigroup Centre International Convention Centre Deutsche Bank Place Dr Chau Chak Wing Building El Alamein Fountain Finger Wharf General Post Office (No. 1 Martin Place) Government House Governor Phillip Tower Hong Kong House Hyde Park Barracks King Street Wharf Kirribilli House Long Bay Macquarie Lighthouse Mint Observatory Old Government House Old Mining Museum Building Opera House Overseas Passenger Terminal Parliament House Parramatta Gaol Regimental Square The Ribbon IMAX Sydney Queen Victoria Building St Andrew's Cathedral St Mary's Cathedral Sydney Airport Sydney Tower The Toaster Town Hall War Memorial Warragamba Dam White Bay Cruise Terminal World Square World Tower
Bridges	Anzac Captain Cook Gladesville Glebe Island (disused) Harbour Pyrmont Roseville Spit Tom Uglys
Major centres and localities	Central Business District Chatswood Chinatown Kings Cross North Sydney Parramatta Pitt Street Mall The Rocks
Urban renewal projects	Barangaroo Bays Precinct Central Park Darling Harbour Green Square Sydney Olympic Park Waterloo
Parks and nature	Auburn Botanic Gardens Balaka Falls Balls Head Reserve Bents Basin Berowra Valley National Park Bicentennial Park Bland Oak Blue Mountains National Park Centennial Parklands Central Gardens Nature Reserve Chinese Garden of Friendship Cronulla sand dunes Cumberland State Forest Farm Cove Featherdale Wildlife Park Garigal National Park Garawarra Conservation Area Georges River National Park Heathcote National Park Hyde Park Kamay Botany Bay National Park Ku-ring-gai Chase Lane Cove National Park Macquarie Place Paddington Reservoir Parramatta Park Prospect dolerite intrusion Prospect Hill Prospect Nature Reserve Royal Botanic Garden Royal National Park Sydney Harbour National Park Sydney Park The Domain Western Sydney Parklands Western Sydney Regional Park
Cultural institutions	Art Gallery of New South Wales Australian Museum Australian National Maritime Museum Chau Chak Wing Museum Harry's Cafe de Wheels Manly Art Gallery and Museum Museum of Contemporary Art Museum of Sydney Justice and Police Museum Powerhouse Museum Sea Life Sydney Aquarium State Library Sydney Conservatorium of Music Sydney Zoo Taronga Zoo
Sport	Australian Golf Club Canterbury Park Racecourse Dunc Gray Velodrome Lakes Golf Club Macquarie Ice Rink Randwick Racecourse Rosehill Gardens Racecourse Royal Sydney Golf Club Stadium Australia State Sports Centre Sydney Cricket Ground Sydney Football Stadium Sydney International Regatta Centre Sydney Motorsport Park Sydney Olympic Park Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre Sydney Olympic Park Hockey Centre Sydney Olympic Park Tennis Centre Sydney Showground Stadium Warwick Farm Racecourse Wentworth Park Western Sydney International Dragway Western Sydney Stadium
Entertainment	Capitol Theatre Crown Sydney Disney Studios Australia Entertainment Quarter Luna Park Lyric Theatre Plaza Theatre Raging Waters Roslyn Packer Theatre The Star State Theatre Sydney SuperDome Theatre Royal
Beaches	Bondi Cronulla Manly Palm
Islands	Bare Clark Cockatoo Fort Denison Garden Goat Rodd Shark Snapper Spectacle

v t e Islands of Sydney Harbour catchment
Sydney Harbour	Bennelong Berry Clark Darling Garden Glebe Goat Pinchgut Shark
Parramatta River	Cockatoo Rodd Snapper Spectacle
Italics = former island

v t e Geography of Parramatta River
Sources	Toongabbie Creek Darling Mills Creek
Tributaries: left	Vineyard Creek Subiaco Creek Archer Creek Smalls Creek Charity Creek Lane Cove River
Tributaries: right	Duck River Haslams Creek Powells Creek Iron Cove Creek Hawthorne Canal
Islands	Rodd Island Snapper Island Spectacle Island Cockatoo Island
Parramatta River ferry services	Parramatta Rydalmere Sydney Olympic Park Meadowbank Kissing Point Cabarita Abbotsford Chiswick Huntleys Point
River crossings	Rings Bridge Bernie Banton Bridge Lennox Bridge Barry Wilde Bridge Elizabeth Street Footbridge Macarthur Bridge Clyde-Carlingford railway bridge Thackeray Bridge (footbridge) Silverwater Bridge James Ruse Drive bridge John Whitton Bridge Meadowbank Railway Bridge Ryde Bridge Mortlake Ferry Gladesville Bridge
River inlets and bays	Homebush Bay Kissing Point Bay Morrisons Bay Kendall Bay Glades Bay France Bay Exile Bay Canada Bay Kings Bay Hen and Chicken Bay Looking Glass Bay Abbotsford Bay Wallumatta Bay Five Dock Bay Lukes Bay Drummoyne Bay Iron Cove
Suburbs: north	North Parramatta Rydalmere Ermington Melrose Park Meadowbank Putney Tennyson Point Gladesville Henley Huntleys Point Huntleys Cove Hunters Hill Woolwich Greenwich
Suburbs: south	Parramatta Camellia Silverwater Newington Wentworth Point Sydney Olympic Park Liberty Grove Rhodes Concord Mortlake Breakfast Point Cabarita Canada Bay Five Dock Wareemba Abbotsford Chiswick Drummoyne Russell Lea Rodd Point Haberfield Lilyfield Rozelle Birchgrove

Convicts in Australia

Penal colonies

Events

Convict ships

Governors and
commandants

Notable convicts
and personnel

Surgeons	William Bland Arthur Bowes Smyth William Redfern D'Arcy Wentworth
Entrepreneurs	Enoch Barratt Daniel Connor Daniel Cooper John Davies William Field William Hutchinson Mary Hyde Henry Kable Solomon Levey Simeon Lord Mary Reibey Robert Sidaway James Squire John Tawell Samuel Terry
Architects	James Blackburn Francis Greenway
Bushrangers and escapees	Charlotte Badger Matthew Brady Mary Bryant William Bryant William Buckley Moondyne Joe John Caesar Martin Cash William Chopin Michael Howe Lawrence Kavenagh John Mitchel Thomas Muir John Boyle O'Reilly Alexander Pearce William Westwood
Artists	Joseph Backler Thomas Bock Richard Browne Knud Bull Edmund Edgar John Eyre William Buelow Gould Joseph Lycett Charles Rodius Thomas Griffiths Wainewright Thomas Watling James Walsh
Politicians	William Cuffay William Henry Groom Kevin Izod O'Doherty
Chroniclers	Denis Cashman Margaret Catchpole Frank the Poet Henry Savery James Hardy Vaux John Acton Wroth
Explorers	John Baxter James Meehan Joseph Wild
Other convicts	Esther Abrahams John Baughan James Bloodsworth Billy Blue John Cadman Elizabeth Callaghan Margaret Dawson Laurence Hynes Halloran Mark Jeffrey Jørgen Jørgensen William Smith O'Brien Robert Palin Isaac Nichols Joseph Potaski James Ruse Elizabeth Thackery Mary Wade

Popular culture

Music	Transportation ballads "Botany Bay" "Moreton Bay" "Jim Jones at Botany Bay" "Van Diemen's Land"
Film	For the Term of His Natural Life (1908) The Assigned Servant (1911) It Is Never Too Late to Mend (1911) The Lady Outlaw (1911) The Life of Rufus Dawes (1911) The Mark of the Lash (1911) One Hundred Years Ago (1911) The Romantic Story of Margaret Catchpole (1911) Sentenced for Life (1911) Moondyne (1913) Transported (1913) The Tenth Straw (1926) For the Term of His Natural Life (1927) To New Shores (1937) Red Sky at Morning (1944) Under Capricorn (1949) Botany Bay (1953) Adam's Woman (1970) Journey Among Women (1977) The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce (2008) Van Diemen's Land (2009) The Nightingale (2017)
Television	The Devil Makes Sunday (1961) The Devil Makes Sunday (1962) Against the Wind (1978) Sara Dane (1982) For the Term of His Natural Life (1983) The Incredible Journey of Mary Bryant (2005) Banished (2015) The Secret River (2015)
Literature	Journals of the First Fleet It's Never Too Late to Mend (1856) The Broad Arrow (1859) Great Expectations (1861) The Wild Goose (1867) For the Term of His Natural Life (1872) Moondyne (1879) Bring Larks and Heroes (1967) A Fringe of Leaves (1973) The Playmaker (1987) Remembering Babylon (1993) The Potato Factory (1995) Jack Maggs (1997) Gould's Book of Fish (2001) The Secret River (2005) The Lieutenant (2008) Parrot and Olivier in America (2010)
Stage	The Transports (1977) Our Country's Good (1988)
Art	Charlotte Medal Port Jackson Painter Rajah Quilt Sydney punchbowls Twenty Dollar Note

Australian
Convict Sites

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