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Colobodus Temporal range: Olenekian–Carnian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Colobodus bassanii fossil at Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Family:	†Colobodontidae
Genus:	†Colobodus Agassiz, 1844
Type species
†Colobodus bassanii de Alessandri, 1910
Other species
See text

Colobodus is an extinct genus of marine Triassic ray-finned fish of the family Colobodontidae and order Perleidiformes. Fossils have been found in Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland) and China, encompassing the former Tethys Ocean. It could reach body lengths of about 70 cm (2 ft 4 in).

The original type species was Colobodus hogardi Agassiz, 1844, the fossils of which are probably destroyed, therefore the new type species C. bassanii was designated.

Taxonomy

The following species are known:

• †C. bassanii de Alessandri, 1910 - Late Anisian of Italy & Switzerland (Besano Formation)
• †C. maximus (Quenstedt, 1867) - Anisian of Italy (Besano Formation), Anisian to Carnian of Germany (Muschelkalk)
• †C. praemaximus Corroy, 1928 - Early Triassic of France
• †C. koenigi Stolley, 1920 - Late Anisian of Germany (Muschelkalk) (possibly synonymous with C. bassanii)
• †C. baii Sun et al., 2008 - Anisian of Guizhou, China
• †C. giganteus (Beltan, 1972) - Late Ladinian of Spain (Muschelkalk)
• †C. wushaensis Li et al., 2019 - Carnian of Guizhou, China

Several other species (C. stensioei, C. dealessandrii, C. stolleyi, C. cyclolepis, and C. anguillalepis) were proposed by Mutter (2002) from a single fossiliferous level from the Besano Formation, although their validity is uncertain due to the extreme morphological variety within the group.

Records of Colobodus exist outside of Europe and China, but these remains are thought to be highly questionable.

Synonyms

• Colobodus altilepis Woodward, 1912 → Perleidus woodwardi (Woodward, 1912)
• Colobodus scutatus Gervais, 1852 → Bobasatrania scutata (Gervais, 1852)

Fossil gallery

• Colobodus bassanii fossil
• Fossil at Museo dei Fossili, Besano
• Three-dimensionally preserved head of Colobodus maximus
• Lower jaw and dentition of Colobodus maximus
• Isolated scale

See also

• Prehistoric fish
• List of prehistoric bony fish

References

1. ^ Romano, Carlo; Koot, Martha B.; Kogan, Ilja; Brayard, Arnaud; Minikh, Alla V.; Brinkmann, Winand; Bucher, Hugo; Kriwet, Jürgen (2016). "Permian-Triassic Osteichthyes (bony fishes): diversity dynamics and body size evolution (supplementary material)". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 91 (1): 106–147. doi:10.1111/brv.12161. ISSN 1469-185X. PMID 25431138.
2. Rieppel, O. (2019). Mesozoic Sea Dragons: Triassic Marine Life from the Ancient Tropical Lagoon of Monte San Giorgio. Indiana University Press. p. 54. doi:10.2307/j.ctvd58t86. ISBN 978-0253040114. S2CID 241534158.
3. ^ Cartnayà, Joan; Fortuny, Josep; Bolet, Arnau; Mutter, Raoul Jossua (2015). "Colobodus giganteus (Beltan, 1972) comb. nov. from the Upper Muschelkalk facies of Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 278 (3): 323–333. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2015/0532.
4. "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-06-03.
5. ^ Zuoyu, Sun; Tintori, Andrea; Lombardo, Cristina; Dayong, Jiang; Weicheng, Hao; Yuanlin, Sun; Feixiang, Wu; Rusconi, Marco (2008-11-30). "A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS COLOBODUS AGASSIZ, 1844 (OSTEICHTHYES, ACTINOPTERYGII) FROM THE PELSONIAN (ANISIAN, MIDDLE TRIASSIC)OF GUIZHOU, SOUTH CHINA". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 114 (3). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/5908. ISSN 2039-4942.
6. Li, Ji; Luo, Yongming; Wang, Yue; Xu, Guangfu; Ma, Zhiheng (2019). "A New Discovery of Colobodus Agassiz, 1844 (Colobodontidae) from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Guizhou, South China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 93 (6): 1967–1968. Bibcode:2019AcGlS..93.1967L. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.13832. ISSN 1000-9515.

v t e Neopterygii
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Actinopterygii Clade: Actinopteri Actinopterygii see Actinopterygii Neopterygii see below↓ Neopterygii
Neopterygii †Besania †Boreichthys †Caelatichthys †Cephaloxenus †Chrotichthys †Dollopterus †Frodoichthys †Gimlichthys †Habroichthys †Hulettia †Pristisomus †Tungusichthys †Venusichthys †Zeuchthiscus †Bobasatraniiformes? †Guildayichthyidae? †Pholidopleuriformes? Arctosomus Australosomus Gracilignathichthys Macroaethes Pholidopleurus †Redfieldiiformes? Atopocephala Brookvalia Calaichthys Cionichthys Daedalichthys Denwoodichthys Dictyopyge Endemichthys Geitonichthys Helichthys Hiascoactinus Ischnolepis Lasalichthys Leighiscus Mauritanichthys Molybdichthys Pacorichthys Phlyctaenichthys Redfieldius Sakamenichthys Schizurichthys Sinkiangichthys? †Platysiagidae Caelatichthys? Helmolepis Platysiagum †Polzbergiiformes Hydropessum? Cleithrolepididae Cleithrolepidina Cleithrolepis Polzbergiidae Felberia Luopingichthys? Polzbergia Serrolepis Stoppania †Colobodontidae Chaohuperleidus? Colobodus Crenilepis Dactylolepis? Engycolobodus? Feroxichthys Gabanellia? Nephrotus? †Perleididae Aetheodontus? Alvinia? Chaohuperleidus? Ctenognathichthys? Daninia Diandongperleidus? Dipteronotus? Endennia? Eoperleidus Fuyuanperleidus? Luopingperleidus? Manlietta Megaperleidus? Meidiichthys Meridensia? Moradebrichthys? Paraperleidus Peltoperleidus? Perleidus Plesiofuro? Plesioperleidus Procheirichthys? Teffichthys? Tripelta †Louwoichthyiformes Peltoperleidus? Louwoichthyidae Ctenognathichthys? Louwoichthys Luopingichthys? Pseudobeaconiidae Anatoia Caminchaia Dipteronotus? Echentaia Mendocinichthys Pasambaya Pseudobeaconia †Luganoiiformes Altisolepis? Fuyuanperleidus? Luganoia †Peltopleuriformes Habroichthys? Peltopleuridae Altisolepis? Nannolepis Peltopleurus Placopleurus Thoracopteridae Gigantopterus Italopterus Peripeltopleurus Potanichthys Thoracopterus Wushaichthys †Dapediidae Aetheolepis Dandya Dapedium Hemicalypterus Heterostrophus Paradapedium Sargodon Scopulipiscis Tetragonolepis †Pycnodontiformes see Pycnodontiformes Holostei Ginglymodi see Ginglymodi includes gars Halecomorphi see Halecomorphi includes bowfin Teleostei see Teleostei includes the majority of modern fish

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• Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera
• Prehistoric neopterygii
• Triassic fish of Asia
• Triassic fish of Europe
• Olenekian genus first appearances
• Anisian genera
• Ladinian genera
• Carnian genus extinctions
• Fossils of China
• Fossils of Italy
• Fossils of France
• Fossils of Germany
• Fossils of Spain
• Fossils of Switzerland
• Taxa named by Louis Agassiz
• Fossil taxa described in 1844
• Prehistoric ray-finned fish stubs
• Triassic fish stubs