| Concavus Temporal range: Early Miocene–Early Pleistocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N | |
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| Fossil of Concavus concavus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Thecostraca |
| Subclass: | Cirripedia |
| Order: | Balanomorpha |
| Family: | Balanidae |
| Subfamily: | Concavinae |
| Genus: | Concavus Newman, 1982 |
| Type species | |
| †Balanus concavus Bronn, 1831 | |
Concavus is a genus of barnacles.
Species
As of 2021, WoRMS recognizes the following two species:
- †Concavus concavus (Bronn, 1831) — Pliocene–early Pleistocene; Western Europe.
- †Concavus crassostricola Zullo, 1984 — Early Miocene; North Carolina and northern Florida.
Taxonomic history
The genus was circumscribed by William A. Newman in 1982. His original list of subgenera and species for the genus was the following:
- Concavus Newman, 1982 genus
- Concavus Newman, 1982 subgenus
- †C. concavus (Bronn, 1831)
- Menesiniella Newman, 1982 subgenus
- C. (M.) aquila Pilsbry, 1916
- C. (M.) regalis Pilsbry, 1916
- Arossia Newman, 1982 subgenus
- C. (A.) panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- C. (A.) p. panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- C. (A.) p. eyerdami (Henry, 1960)
- C. (A.) henryae Newman, 1982
- C. (A.) panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- Concavus Newman, 1982 subgenus
Newman noted there were multiple fossil taxa in this genus, but didn't classify any except for the type species †C. concavus.
In 1992, Victor A. Zullo revised the genus. He created a new subfamily, Concavinae, with Tamiosoma Conrad, 1856 (the senior synonym of Menesiniella according to Zullo), Arossia and Concavus among its genera. With his revision, Concavus only consists of the two species C. concavus and C. crassostricola.
Fossil records
This genus is known in the fossil records from the Oligocene to the Quaternary (age range: from 28.4 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata of United States, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, Algeria, France, Haiti, Madagascar, Panama, Colombia and Slovenia.
Notes
- ^ Urszula Radwańska and Andrzej Radwański argue this species's author citation should be Darwin, 1854.
- As of 2017, WoRMS recognizes both Tamiosoma and Menesiniella as valid, distinct genera.
References
- ^ Zullo, Victor A. (1992). "Revision of the Balanid Barnacle Genus Concavus Newman, 1982, with the Description of a New Subfamily, Two New Genera, and Eight New Species". Memoir (The Paleontological Society). 27: 1–46. JSTOR 1315604.
- ^ Radwańska, Urszula; Radwański, Andrzej (2008). "Eco-taphonomy of mass-aggregated giant balanids Concavus (Concavus) concavus (Darwin, 1854) from the Lower Pliocene (Zanclean) of Rafina near Pikermi (Attica, Greece)". Acta Geologica Polonica. 58 (1): 93–94.
- ^ Newman, William A. (1982). "A Review of Extant Taxa of the "Group of Balanus concavus" (Cirripedia, Thoracica) and a Proposal for Genus-Group Ranks". Crustaceana. 43 (1): 25–36. doi:10.1163/156854082X00056. JSTOR 20103743.
- ^ Chan, Benny K. K. (2021). "Concavus Newman, 1982". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
- Bronn, Heinr. G. (1831). Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. Heidelberg: Karl Gross. p. 127.
- Zullo, Victor A. (1984). "New Genera and Species of Balanoid Barnacles from the Oligocene and Miocene of North Carolina". Journal of Paleontology. 58 (5): 1328–1330. JSTOR 1304855.
- Fossilworks
| Taxon identifiers | |
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| Concavus | |
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