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County of ManderscheidGrafschaft Manderscheid (German)
10th century–1488
Coat of arms
County of Manderscheid (green) on a map from c. 1720
Status	County
Capital	Manderscheid
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Established	10th century
• Partitioned into three	1488
Preceded by Succeeded by West Francia County of Manderscheid-Schleiden County of Manderscheid-Kail County of Manderscheid-Blankenheim

The House of Manderscheid was the name of the most powerful family in the Eifel region of Germany for a considerable period of time in the 15th century. In 1457, Dietrich III von Manderscheid was made a Reichsgraf (Imperial count) by the Emperor (probably Frederick III). When Dietrich died on 20 February 1498, he had appointed his sons Johann, Konrad and Wilhelm as new rulers – the family property had been distributed in 1488. Each of the sons founded a powerful lineage: Johann started the Manderscheid-Blankenheim-Gerolstein line, William the Manderscheid-Kail line, and Konrad (Cuno) the Manderscheid-Schleiden line. Augusta von Manderscheid-Blankenheim was the last countess. She was married to a member of the Bohemian nobility, Count Philipp Christian von Sternberg (1732–1811).

Manderscheid-Kail lineage

The ancestral seat was the former moated castle in Oberkail, and because of this, Oberkail gained and maintained considerable importance in the Eifel region for several centuries. The moated palace is no longer standing – the last count of Oberkail died without descendants in 1762, the moated castle was destroyed and Oberkail returned to the status of a non-notable Eifel village.

Witch-hunts and French takeover

The Eifel was underdeveloped and troubled by plagues, witch-hunts and feuds in the 17th century. Within the area of the Manderscheider counties, approximately 260 people were executed as witches between 1528 and 1641. In other regions of Germany, reformation and technical inventions had led to great progress. In 1794, French revolutionary troops took control of the Rhine country and the Eifel region without great bloodshed and eliminated the aristocracy and the feudal system. Taxes such as socage duty, tithes and local customs duties were abolished. French became the official language, the judiciary system was updated and the economy in the Eifel experienced a boost.

Archives

The originals of certificates and documents (such as deeds of ownership and commercial documents) that the family had taken with them on their flight to Bohemia are stored in the National Museum in Prague. After these documents were copied onto microfilm in the 1970s, a copy was stored in an archive in Brauweiler near Cologne. The documents are still awaiting a scientific evaluation.

• Lower castle at Manderscheid, with the ruin of the upper castle in the background

References

1. "Ortsgeschichte Manderscheid". Datenbank der Kulturgüter in der Region Trier (in German). Retrieved 15 February 2024.

v t e Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle (1500–1806) of the Holy Roman Empire
Prince-bishops	Cambrai (until 1678) Corvey Liège Minden Münster Osnabrück Paderborn Utrecht (until 1548) Verden (until 1648)
Prince-abbots	Corvey Essen Herford Kornelimünster Stavelot–Malmedy Thorn Werden
Secular	Arenberg Cleves with Mark East Frisia Jülich–Berg Guelders (until 1548) Luxemburg (until 1548) Minden Moers Nassau-Dillenburg Verden
Counts / Lords	From 1500 Bentheim Bronkhorst (until 1719) Diepholz Drenthe (until 1548) East Frisia (until 1667) Groningen (until 1548) Guelders (until 1548) Horne (until 1614) Hoya Lingen Lippe Manderscheid (until 1546) Moers (until 1541) Nassau Diez Hadamar Dillenburg (until 1664) Oldenburg Overijssel (until 1548) Pyrmont Ravensberg Reichenstein Rietberg Salm-Reifferscheid Sayn Schaumburg Tecklenburg Virneburg Wied Winneburg and Beilstein Zutphen (until 1548) From 1792 Anholt Blankenheim and Gerolstein Gemen Gimborn Gronsfeld Hallermund Holzappel Kerpen-Lommersum Myllendonk Reckheim Schleiden Wickrath Wittem Utrecht (until 1548) Status uncertain Delmenhorst Fagnolle Schaumburg Hesse Lippe Spiegelberg Steinfurt
Cities	Aachen Cologne Dortmund Duisburg Herford Verden (until 1648) Warburg
from 1648     until 1648     without seat in Imperial Diet     status uncertain Circles est. 1500: Bavarian, Swabian, Upper Rhenish, Lower Rhenish–Westphalian, Franconian, (Lower) Saxon Circles est. 1512: Austrian, Burgundian, Upper Saxon, Electoral Rhenish     Unencircled territories

50°6′N 6°49′E / 50.100°N 6.817°E / 50.100; 6.817

• 1480s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
• 1488 disestablishments in Europe
• German noble families
• States and territories established in the 18th century
• Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle
• History of the Rhineland
• Former states and territories of Rhineland-Palatinate
• Counties of the Holy Roman Empire
• Eifel in the Middle Ages
• Former states in the Low Countries