Crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase

Crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase (EC 1.3.1.85, CCR, crotonyl-CoA reductase (carboxylating)) is an enzyme with systematic name (2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA:NADP oxidoreductase (decarboxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA + NADP

\rightleftharpoons

(E)-but-2-enoyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADPH + H

The reaction is catalysed in the reverse direction. This reaction is a part of the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway (EMC).

Normally, the Glyoxylate cycle is present in microorganisms to assimilate acetate. However, in microorganisms that do not have a Glyoxylate cycle, CCR is important for its role in an alternative pathway to assimilate acetate.

There are various CCR homologues and in S. tsukubaensis' genome the CCR homologues ccr1 and allR were identified and recognized to be a part of two separate metabolic pathways. The homologue ccr1 is involved in the EMC pathway, whereas the homologue allR is involved in biosynthesis of immunosuppressants FK506/FK520.

References

Erb TJ, Berg IA, Brecht V, Müller M, Fuchs G, Alber BE (June 2007). "Synthesis of C5-dicarboxylic acids from C2-units involving crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase: the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (25): 10631–6. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10410631E. doi:10.1073/pnas.0702791104. PMC 1965564. PMID 17548827.
Erb TJ, Brecht V, Fuchs G, Müller M, Alber BE (June 2009). "Carboxylation mechanism and stereochemistry of crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase, a carboxylating enoyl-thioester reductase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106 (22): 8871–6. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.8871E. doi:10.1073/pnas.0903939106. PMC 2689996. PMID 19458256.
Blažič, M., Kosec, G., Baebler, Š., Gruden, K., & Petković, H. (2015). Roles of the crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase homologues in acetate assimilation and biosynthesis of immunosuppressant FK506 in Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Microbial cell factories, 14, 164. doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0352-z

External links

Crotonyl-CoA+carboxylase/reductase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

v t e Oxidoreductases: CH–CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)
1.3.1: NAD/NADP acceptor	Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase/Enoyl ACP reductase 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase Biliverdin reductase 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase Dihydroxymethyloxo-tetrahydroquinoline dehydrogenase
1.3.3: Oxygen acceptor	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Bilirubin oxidase Acyl-CoA oxidase Dihydrouracil oxidase Tetrahydroberberine oxidase Secologanin synthase Tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase L-galactonolactone oxidase
1.3.5: Quinone	Succinate dehydrogenase SDHA SDHB SDHC SDHD
1.3.99: Other acceptors	Fumarate reductase Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Acyl CoA dehydrogenase ACADSB ACADS 5α-reductase SRD5A1 SRD5A2 SRD5A3 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase 3-oxo-5beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

Portal:

Biology

Category:

EC 1.3.1