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Dabney H. Maury
Maury in uniform, ca. 1862
Birth name	Dabney Herndon Maury
Born	(1822-05-21)May 21, 1822 Fredericksburg, Virginia, U.S.
Died	January 11, 1900(1900-01-11) (aged 77) Peoria, Illinois, U.S.
Allegiance	United States Confederate States
Service / branch	United States Army Confederate States Army
Years of service	1846–1861 (USA) 1861–1865 (CSA)
Rank	First Lieutenant (USA) Major General (CSA)
Unit	3d United States Cavalry
Battles / wars	Indian Wars Mexican–American War American Civil War

Dabney Herndon Maury (May 21, 1822 – January 11, 1900) was an officer in the United States Army, instructor at West Point, author of military training books, and a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

Early life

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Dabney Herndon Maury was born in Fredericksburg, Virginia. His descent is from the old Virginia families of Brooke and Minor, and the Huguenot emigrees, the Fontaines and Maurys. Dabney was the son of Naval Lieutenant John Minor Maury, who died of yellow fever in the West Indies when Dabney was two years old. He was brought up by his uncle, Matthew Fontaine Maury, who is noted as "Father of Modern Oceanography and Naval Meteorology". He studied law in Fredericksburg and graduated from the University of Virginia in the class of 1841 and then finished his studies at the United States Military Academy in 1846 and was brevetted as a second lieutenant in the Regiment of Mounted Rifles.

Maury served in the Mexican–American War at the Battle of Cerro Gordo, and suffered a painful wound that almost resulted in the amputation of his arm. He was soon sent home to recuperate and was brevetted to first lieutenant for bravery. His gallantry in this event prompted the citizens of Fredericksburg and the Legislature of Virginia to honor him with a special presentation sword. After further convalescence in White Sulphur Springs, he was reassigned to West Point as an instructor, serving in that capacity from 1847 until 1852. He married Nannie Rose Mason on 10 March 1852 in Stafford County, Virginia.

Maury then returned to active field duty with the Mounted Rifles, serving in the Oregon Territory, then on the Texas frontier. He returned East and commanded the Cavalry School at the Carlisle Barracks in 1858. He authored a book, Tactics for Mounted Rifles, which became the standard textbook. He also wrote Recollections of a Virginian in the Indian, Mexican, and the Civil Wars.

American Civil War

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When the Civil War began, Maury was the Assistant Adjutant General in the New Mexico Territory, based in Santa Fe. Hearing the news of the firing on Fort Sumter, he resigned from the United States Army and travelled back to Virginia. He entered the Confederate Army as a colonel, serving as an Adjutant General, then was Chief of Staff under General Earl Van Dorn.

Following the Battle of Pea Ridge, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general and assigned to field command. Maury led a division at the Second Battle of Corinth, and was appointed major general in November 1862. He participated in army operations around Vicksburg, Mississippi, and in the defense of Mobile, Alabama. In the latter military campaign, Maury commanded the Department of the Gulf.

Later life

With the conclusion of the Civil War, Maury came home to Virginia and established an academy in Fredericksburg to teach classical literature and mathematics. He moved to New Orleans, where a business venture failed and he returned to Virginia. In 1868, he organized the Southern Historical Society, based in Richmond.

Maury spent 20 years working for the Southern Historical Society that produced 52 volumes of Southern history and genealogies. Two years after his wife died, Maury began a movement in 1878 to reorganize the National Militia. He authored a treatise entitled Skirmish Drill for Mounted Troops in 1886.

Maury, appointed by President Cleveland, served as Minister to Colombia from 1887 to 1889. General Maury died at the home of his son (Dabney Herndon Maury Jr.) in Peoria, Illinois, and his remains were interred in the Confederate portion of the city cemetery in Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Maury's flag as commander of the Department of the Gulf, 1864
Bust of Maury by George Brewster at Vicksburg National Military Park

References

Virginia, U.S., Compiled Marriages, 1851-1929: Dabney H. Maury and Nannie Mason. Accessed via Ancestry.com paid subscription site, 4 February 2022.

Autobiography at "Documenting the American South"
Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-8047-3641-1.
"Gen. Dabney H. Maury Dead: His Service in the United States and Confederate Armies" (fee). The New York Times. 1900-01-12. p. 2. Retrieved 2007-08-24.
Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 978-0-8160-1055-4.
Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. ISBN 978-0-8071-0823-9.

External links

Dabney Herndon Maury in Encyclopedia Virginia
A young people's history of Virginia and Virginians .. – Dabney Herndon Maury, 1896
Maury, Dabney Herndon (1894). Recollections of a Virginian in the Mexican, Indian, and civil wars (ascii transcription). New York: C. Scribner's Sons. OCLC 1456306.
Recollections of a Virginian in the Mexican, Indian, and Civil Wars. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1894.
Crookshanks, Barbara (2002-12-19). "Fredericksburg's Dabney Herndon Maury -- Confederate General and "Father of the Southern Historical Society"". HistoryPoint.org. Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2007-08-24.

Diplomatic posts
Preceded byCharles D. Jacob	United States Minister to Colombia January 20, 1887 – June 22, 1889	Succeeded byJohn T. Abbott

v t e Maury family tree
Matthew Maury, immigrant James Maury (1718–1769) Mathew Maury (1744–1808) Matthew Hawes Maury (1777–1860) Matthew Henry Maury (1815-1858) Mason Maury (1848-1919) architect Reuben F. Maury (1824–1906), Oregon Union army colonel James Maury (1746–1840), one of the first United States diplomats William Morris Maury, m. Sarah Mytton, English author Mytton Maury (b. 1839), m. Virginia Draper, daughter of scientist John William Draper and sister of scientists Henry Draper and John Christopher Draper Antonia Maury (1866–1952), astronomer & Carlotta J. Maury paleontologist. Walker Maury (1752–1788) William Grymes Maury John Walker Maury (1809–1855), Mayor of Washington, D.C. William Arden Maury (1832–1918), U.S. Assistant Attorney General William Lewis Maury (1813–1878), Naval officer Fontaine Maury (1761–1824) Eliza Maury (b. 1793) Richard Brooke Maury (b. 1794) Rev. Thompson Brooke Maury Richard Fontaine Maury (1882–1950), railway engineer Richard Maury (1766–1843) John Minor Maury (1795–1824), m. Eliza Maury, his first cousin, daughter of Fontaine Maury Dabney Herndon Maury (1822–1900), Confederate general and brother William Lewis Maury (1818-1838)<-See Recollections..-> Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806–1873), oceanographer, astronomer Abraham Maury (b. 1731), m. Susanna Poindexter, a cousin of George Poindexter Abraham "Abram" Maury, Jr. (b. 1766), Major, Tennessee state legislator Abram Poindexter Maury (1801–1848), U.S. Representative from Tennessee

Maury family tree

Matthew Maury, immigrant
- James Maury (1718–1769)
  - Mathew Maury (1744–1808)
    - Matthew Hawes Maury (1777–1860)
      - Matthew Henry Maury (1815-1858)
        Mason Maury (1848-1919) architect
      - Reuben F. Maury (1824–1906), Oregon Union army colonel
  - James Maury (1746–1840), one of the first United States diplomats
    - William Morris Maury, m. Sarah Mytton, English author
      - Mytton Maury (b. 1839), m. Virginia Draper, daughter of scientist John William Draper and sister of scientists Henry Draper and John Christopher Draper
        Antonia Maury (1866–1952), astronomer & Carlotta J. Maury paleontologist.
  - Walker Maury (1752–1788)
    - William Grymes Maury
      - John Walker Maury (1809–1855), Mayor of Washington, D.C.
        William Arden Maury (1832–1918), U.S. Assistant Attorney General
      - William Lewis Maury (1813–1878), Naval officer
  - Fontaine Maury (1761–1824)
    - Eliza Maury (b. 1793)
    - Richard Brooke Maury (b. 1794)
      - Rev. Thompson Brooke Maury
        Richard Fontaine Maury (1882–1950), railway engineer
  - Richard Maury (1766–1843)
    - John Minor Maury (1795–1824), m. Eliza Maury, his first cousin, daughter of Fontaine Maury
      - Dabney Herndon Maury (1822–1900), Confederate general and brother William Lewis Maury (1818-1838)<-See Recollections..->
    - Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806–1873), oceanographer, astronomer
- Abraham Maury (b. 1731), m. Susanna Poindexter, a cousin of George Poindexter
  - Abraham "Abram" Maury, Jr. (b. 1766), Major, Tennessee state legislator
    - Abram Poindexter Maury (1801–1848), U.S. Representative from Tennessee

v t e United States ambassadors to Colombia
Gran Colombia
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary	Anderson Watts (chargé d'affaires) Harrison Moore
Republic of New Granada
Chargé d'Affaires	McAfee Semple Blackford Bidlack Foote King Green
Minister Resident	Bowlin Jones
United States of Colombia
Minister Resident	Burton Sullivan Hurlbut Scruggs Dichman Maney
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary	Scruggs Jacob
Republic of Colombia
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary	Maury Abbott McKinney Hart Beaupre Russell Barrett T. Dawson Northcott DuBois Thompson Philip Piles Caffery Whitehouse W. Dawson
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary	Braden Lane Wiley Beaulac Waynick Schoenfeld Bonsal Cabot McIntosh Freeman Oliver Carlson Vaughn Saccio Vaky Sanchez Asencio Boyatt Tambs Gillespie McNamara Busby Frechette Kamman Patterson Wood Brownfield McKinley Whitaker Goldberg Palmieri (chargé d'affaires)

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Early life

American Civil War

Later life

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References

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