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Salvelinus profundus
Salvelinus profundus (tiefseesaibling) and Coregonus gutturosus (kilch)
Conservation status
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Salmoniformes
Family:	Salmonidae
Genus:	Salvelinus
Species:	S. profundus
Binomial name
Salvelinus profundus (Schillinger, 1901)

Salvelinus profundus (German: Tiefseesaibling 'Deepwater char') is a deepwater char species found only in deep areas of Lake Constance.

This fish can reach 24 cm (9.4 in) in length and has a blunt snout with the mouth in subinferior position. Its lower fins have no white margins and its flanks are silvery to yellowish with pale blue spots; the belly can have a reddish color.

History

Salvelinus profundus was still a commercial species in the 1960s but the eutrophication of Lake Constance, which began in the 1950s and peaked in 1979, is thought to have affected egg development. Surveys undertaken in the last ten years failed to find any evidence of the survival of this deep-water trout, as well as of the Lake Constance whitefish (Coregonus gutturosus), another fish species driven recently to extinction. The species had been reported extinct since the late 1970s but was officially declared so by the IUCN only in 2008.

However, the fish species was rediscovered in 2016 during 'Project Lac', a marine survey undertaken by the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology. The team had not expected to locate the fish, which had not been seen in decades. It is suspected that they were not detected earlier due to the depth at which they swim.

The Lake Neuchâtel deepwater char (Salvelinus neocomensis) is a similar fish species that became extinct in another European lake.

References

1. IUCN Red list
2. Maurice Kottelat: European Freshwater Fishes; Cornol 2007. ISBN 978-2-8399-0298-4
3. Fishbase Salvelinus neocomensis
4. Red List - Volume 1: Vertebrates (2009) - General assessment for the vertebrate groups Archived 2013-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
5. ‘Extinct’ fish found in Lake Constance
6. Doenz, Carmela J.; Seehausen, Ole (2020). "Rediscovery of a presumed extinct species, Salvelinus profundus, after re-oligotrophication". Ecology. 101 (8): e03065. Bibcode:2020Ecol..101E3065D. doi:10.1002/ecy.3065. ISSN 1939-9170. PMID 32274790. S2CID 215726746.
7. Fishbase Salvelinus neocomensis Archived 2013-02-17 at archive.today

External links

• Revue Suisse de Zoologie - Salvelinus evasus

• IUCN Red List critically endangered species
• Salvelinus
• Lake Constance
• Cold water fish
• Taxa named by Alfred Schillinger
• Fish described in 1901
• Fauna of Germany