Delta8-fatty-acid desaturase

Delta8-fatty-acid desaturase (EC 1.14.19.4, Delta8-sphingolipid desaturase, EFD1, BoDES8, SLD, Delta8 fatty acid desaturase, Delta8-desaturase) is an enzyme with systematic name phytosphinganine,hydrogen donor:oxygen Delta8-oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

phytosphinganine + reduced acceptor + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

Delta8-phytosphingenine + acceptor + 2 H₂O

This enzyme, which has been found mainly in plants, introduces a double bond at Delta8 of C18 and C20 fatty acids.

References

Wallis JG, Browse J (May 1999). "The Delta8-desaturase of Euglena gracilis: an alternate pathway for synthesis of 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 365 (2): 307–16. doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1167. PMID 10328826.
Sperling P, Libisch B, Zähringer U, Napier JA, Heinz E (April 2001). "Functional identification of a delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from Borago officinalis". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 388 (2): 293–8. doi:10.1006/abbi.2001.2308. PMID 11368168.
Takakuwa N, Kinoshita M, Oda Y, Ohnishi M (December 2002). "Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase from Saccharomyces kluyveri and Kluyveromyces lactis". Current Microbiology. 45 (6): 459–61. doi:10.1007/s00284-002-3860-0. PMID 12402089. S2CID 25735503.
Beckmann C, Rattke J, Oldham NJ, Sperling P, Heinz E, Boland W (July 2002). "Characterization of a Delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants: a stereochemical and mechanistic study on the origin of E,Z isomers". Angewandte Chemie. 41 (13): 2298–300. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020703)41:13<2298::AID-ANIE2298>3.0.CO;2-G. PMID 12203571.

External links

Delta8-fatty-acid+desaturase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

v t e Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)
1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase HIF prolyl-hydroxylase EGLN1 EGLN2 EGLN3 P4HTM Lysyl hydroxylase AlkB ALKBH1 FTO
1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 14α-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1
1.14.15: reduced iron–sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1
1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase
1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2 Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase Deoxyhypusine monooxygenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

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