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Orne
Department
Prefecture building of the Orne department, in Alençon
FlagCoat of arms
Location of Orne in France
Coordinates: 48°42′N 0°0′E / 48.700°N 0.000°E / 48.700; 0.000
Country	France
Region	Normandy
Prefecture	Alençon
Subprefectures	Argentan Mortagne-au-Perche
Government
• President of the Departmental Council	Christophe de Balorre
Area
• Total	6,103 km (2,356 sq mi)
Population
• Total	276,973
• Rank	78th
• Density	45/km (120/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number	61
Arrondissements	3
Cantons	21
Communes	385
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km

Orne (French pronunciation: [ɔʁn] ; Norman: Ôrne or Orne) is a département in the northwest of France, named after the river Orne. It had a population of 279,942 in 2019.

History

Orne is one of the original 83 départements created during the French Revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Normandy and Perche. It is the birthplace of Charlotte Corday, Girondist and the assassin of Jean-Paul Marat.

Geography

Orne is in the region of Normandy neighbouring Eure, Eure-et-Loir, Sarthe, Manche, Mayenne, and Calvados. It is the only department of Normandy not to border the English Channel.

Economy

The largest town by a considerable margin is the prefecture, Alençon, which is an administrative and commercial centre for what is still an overwhelmingly rural department. There are no large industrial centres, and agriculture remains the economic focus.

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1801 395,738 —     1806 424,669 +1.42% 1821 422,884 −0.03% 1831 441,881 +0.44% 1841 442,072 +0.00% 1851 439,884 −0.05% 1861 423,350 −0.38% 1872 398,250 −0.55% 1881 376,126 −0.63% 1891 354,387 −0.59% 1901 326,952 −0.80% 1911 307,433 −0.61% 1921 274,814 −1.12%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1931 273,717 −0.04% 1936 269,331 −0.32% 1946 273,181 +0.14% 1954 274,862 +0.08% 1962 280,549 +0.26% 1968 288,524 +0.47% 1975 293,523 +0.25% 1982 295,472 +0.09% 1990 293,204 −0.10% 1999 292,337 −0.03% 2006 292,874 +0.03% 2011 290,891 −0.14% 2016 285,308 −0.39%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Sources:

The inhabitants of the department are called Ornais.

The recorded population level peaked at 443,688 in 1836. Declining farm incomes and the lure of better prospects in the overseas empire led to a sustained reduction in population levels in many rural departments. By the time of the 1936 census, the recorded population stood at just 269,331. Once motor car ownership started to surge in the 1960s, employment opportunities became less restricted and by 1982, the population level had recovered a little to 295,000, after which it slowly decreased.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Alençon, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:

Politics

The president of the Departmental Council is Christophe de Balorre, elected in 2017.

Presidential elections 2nd round

Current National Assembly Representatives

Culture

Alençon is the chief town of the Orne department.

Camembert, the village where Camembert cheese is made, is located in Orne.

The local dialect is known as Augeron.

Tourism

• Château de Carrouges
• Château de Domfront
• Abbey of Saint-Evroult-Notre-Dame-du-Bois
• Juvigny-sous-Andaine
• Camembert
• Haras national du Pin
• Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church
• Suisse Normande
• Sées Cathedral

See also

• Cantons of the Orne department
• Communes of the Orne department
• Arrondissements of the Orne department
• Haras National du Pin, a French stud farm

References

1. "Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 4 May 2022.
2. "Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
3. ^ Populations légales 2019: 61 Orne, INSEE
4. "Historique de l'Orne". Le SPLAF.
5. "Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
6. "Résultats élections: Orne". Le Monde.
7. "Résultats de l'élection présidentielle 2002: Orne". Ministère de l'Intérieur.
8. Nationale, Assemblée. "Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français". Assemblée nationale.

External links

• (in French) Prefecture website
• (in French) Departmental Council website
• (in English) Orne Tourism
• (in English) AWOL in the Orne, in 1918 Life in the Orne, WW1 with images

v t e Departments of France
Metropolitan	01 Ain 02 Aisne 03 Allier 04 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence 05 Hautes-Alpes 06 Alpes-Maritimes 07 Ardèche 08 Ardennes 09 Ariège 10 Aube 11 Aude 12 Aveyron 13 Bouches-du-Rhône 14 Calvados 15 Cantal 16 Charente 17 Charente-Maritime 18 Cher 19 Corrèze 2A Corse-du-Sud 2B Haute-Corse 21 Côte-d'Or 22 Côtes-d'Armor 23 Creuse 24 Dordogne 25 Doubs 26 Drôme 27 Eure 28 Eure-et-Loir 29 Finistère 30 Gard 31 Haute-Garonne 32 Gers 33 Gironde 34 Hérault 35 Ille-et-Vilaine 36 Indre 37 Indre-et-Loire 38 Isère 39 Jura 40 Landes 41 Loir-et-Cher 42 Loire 43 Haute-Loire 44 Loire-Atlantique 45 Loiret 46 Lot 47 Lot-et-Garonne 48 Lozère 49 Maine-et-Loire 50 Manche 51 Marne 52 Haute-Marne 53 Mayenne 54 Meurthe-et-Moselle 55 Meuse 56 Morbihan 57 Moselle 58 Nièvre 59 Nord 60 Oise 61 Orne 62 Pas-de-Calais 63 Puy-de-Dôme 64 Pyrénées-Atlantiques 65 Hautes-Pyrénées 66 Pyrénées-Orientales 67 Bas-Rhin 68 Haut-Rhin 69D Rhône 70 Haute-Saône 71 Saône-et-Loire 72 Sarthe 73 Savoie 74 Haute-Savoie 76 Seine-Maritime 77 Seine-et-Marne 78 Yvelines 79 Deux-Sèvres 80 Somme 81 Tarn 82 Tarn-et-Garonne 83 Var 84 Vaucluse 85 Vendée 86 Vienne 87 Haute-Vienne 88 Vosges 89 Yonne 90 Territoire de Belfort 91 Essonne 92 Hauts-de-Seine 93 Seine-Saint-Denis 94 Val-de-Marne 95 Val-d'Oise
Overseas	971 Guadeloupe 972 Martinique (territorial collectivity) 973 French Guiana (territorial collectivity) 974 Réunion 976 Mayotte
Special	69M Lyon (collectivity with special status) 75 Paris (collectivity with special status)
Former	975 Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Overseas collectivity)

• Orne
• 1790 establishments in France
• Departments of Normandy
• States and territories established in 1790