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Melaenornis
Southern black flycatcher (Melaenornis pammelaina)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Muscicapidae
Tribe:	Muscicapini
Genus:	Melaenornis G.R. Gray, 1840
Type species
Melasoma edolioides Swainson, 1937
Species
see text

Melaenornis is a genus of small passerine birds in the large family Muscicapidae commonly known as the Old World flycatchers. They are restricted to sub-Saharan Africa.

Taxonomy

The genus Melaenornis was introduced in 1840 by the English zoologist George Gray. It was a replacement name for Melasoma that had been introduced in 1837 by William Swainson with the northern black flycatcher as the type species. Melasoma was pre-occupied by "Melasoma Dillwyn" that had been introduced in 1831 by James Stephens for a genus of insects. The name Melaenornis combines the Ancient Greek melas, melaina meaning "black" with ornis meaning "bird".

Species

The genus contains the following seven species:

• Angola slaty flycatcher, Melaenornis brunneus
• White-eyed slaty flycatcher, Melaenornis fischeri
• Abyssinian slaty flycatcher, Melaenornis chocolatinus
• Nimba flycatcher, Melaenornis annamarulae
• Yellow-eyed black flycatcher, Melaenornis ardesiacus
• Northern black flycatcher, Melaenornis edolioides
• Southern black flycatcher, Melaenornis pammelaina

This genus formerly included fewer species. The results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010 led to a reorganization of the Old World flycatchers family in which the four species in Bradornis and the single species in Sigelus were merged into Melaenornis. The genus formerly included the pale flycatcher and the chat flycatcher. Based on a phylogenetic study published in 2023, they were moved to the resurrected genus Agricola.

References

1. "Muscicapidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
2. Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 35.
3. Stephens, James Francis (1831). Illustrations of British entomology; or, A synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions. Vol. 4: Mandibulata. London: Baldwin and Cradock. p. 349.
4. Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1986). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 296.
5. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 246. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
6. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
7. Sangster, G.; Alström, P.; Forsmark, E.; Olsson, U. (2010). "Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 57 (1): 380–392. Bibcode:2010MolPE..57..380S. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.008. PMID 20656044.
8. Zhao, M.; Gordon Burleigh, J.; Olsson, U.; Alström, P.; Kimball, R.T. (2023). "A near-complete and time-calibrated phylogeny of the Old World flycatchers, robins and chats (Aves, Muscicapidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 178: 107646. Bibcode:2023MolPE.17807646Z. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107646. PMID 36265831.

Further reading

• Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2006). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 11: Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers. Lynx Edicions. ISBN 84-96553-06-X.
• "Melaenornis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.

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