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(Redirected from Dragon (chess engine)) UCI Chess Engine This article is about the chess engine named Dragon. For the chess opening named Dragon, see Sicilian Defense, Dragon Variation.

Komodo
Original author(s)
Developer(s)Komodo Chess, Chess.com
Initial releaseJanuary 2010; 14 years ago (2010-01)
Stable releaseKomodo 14.1 / November 2, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-11-02)
Written inC, C++
Operating systemLinux, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Android
PredecessorKomodo
TypeChess engine
LicenseProprietary
Websitekomodochess.com
Dragon by Komodo Chess
Developer(s)Komodo Chess, Chess.com
Initial releaseNovember 9, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-11-09)
Stable releaseDragon 3.3 / October 4, 2023; 14 months ago (2023-10-04)
Written inC, C++
Operating systemLinux, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Android
PredecessorDoch
SuccessorDragon
TypeChess engine
LicenseProprietary
Websitekomodochess.com

Komodo and Dragon by Komodo Chess (also known as Dragon or Komodo Dragon) are UCI chess engines developed by Komodo Chess, which is a part of Chess.com. The engines were originally authored by Don Dailey and GM Larry Kaufman. Dragon is a commercial chess engine, but Komodo is free for non-commercial use. Dragon is consistently ranked near the top of most major chess engine rating lists, along with Stockfish and Leela Chess Zero.

This article is part of the series on
Chess programming
Board representations
Evaluation functions
Graph and tree search algorithms
Chess computers
Chess engines

History

Komodo

Komodo logo

Komodo was derived from Don Dailey's former engine Doch in January 2010. The first multiprocessor version of Komodo was released in June 2013 as Komodo 5.1 MP. This version was a major rewrite and a port of Komodo to C++11. A single-processor version of Komodo (which won the CCT15 tournament in February earlier that year) was released as a stand-alone product shortly before the 5.1 MP release. This version, named Komodo CCT, was still based on the older C code, and was approximately 30 Elo stronger than the 5.1 MP version, as the latter was still undergoing massive code-cleanup work.

With the release of Komodo 6 on October 4, 2013, Don Dailey announced that he was suffering from an acute form of leukaemia, and would no longer contribute to the future development of Komodo. On October 8, Don made an announcement on the Talkchess forum that Mark Lefler would be joining the Komodo team and would continue its development.

Komodo TCEC was released on December 4, 2013. This was the same version that had won TCEC Season 5, and was the last with input from Don Dailey, to whom it was dedicated. Komodo 7 was released on May 21, 2014, adding Syzygy tablebase support.

On May 24, 2018, Chess.com announced that it has acquired Komodo and that the Komodo team have joined Chess.com. The Komodo team is now called Komodo Chess.

On December 17, 2018, Komodo Chess released Komodo 12.3 MCTS, a version of the Komodo 12.3 engine that uses Monte Carlo tree search instead of alpha–beta pruning/minimax.

The latest version, Komodo 14.1, was released on November 2, 2020.

Dragon

On November 9, 2020, Komodo Chess released Dragon by Komodo Chess 1.0, which features the use of efficiently updatable neural networks in its evaluation function. Dragon is derived from Komodo in the same way that Komodo was derived from Doch. Dragon is also called Komodo Dragon in certain tournaments such as the Top Chess Engine Championship and the World Computer Chess Championship (WCCC) but not in the Chess.com Computer Chess Championship (CCC). A Chess.com staff member named Dmitry Pervov joined the Dragon development team to write the NNUE code for Dragon, and Dietrich Kappe joined the Dragon development team to help Larry Kaufman and Mark Lefter train Dragon's neural networks.

On March 17, 2023, Larry Kaufman announced that he and Mark Lefter have stepped down from Dragon development and from ownership of Komodo Chess, and that Chess.com have taken full control of Komodo Chess. As of March 17, 2023, Dietrich Kappe is the only person responsible for the development of Dragon, but Chess.com are looking for more programmers to help with Dragon development.

The final version, Dragon 3.3, was released on October 4, 2023.

Competition results

Komodo

Komodo has played in the ICT 2010 in Leiden, and further in the CCT12 and CCT14. Komodo had its first tournament success in 1999, when it won the CCT15 with a score of 6½/7. Komodo won both the World Computer Chess Championship and World Computer Software Championship in 2016. Komodo once again won the World Computer Chess Championship and World Blitz in 2017.

In TCEC competition, Komodo was historically one of the strongest engines. In Season 4, it lost only eight out of its 53 games and managed to reach Stage 4 (Quarterfinals), against very strong competition which were running on eight cores (Komodo was running on a single processor). The next season, Komodo won the superfinal against Stockfish. The two engines jockeyed for the championship over the next few seasons: Stockfish won in Season 6, while Komodo won Seasons 7 and 8. Komodo failed to make the superfinal in Season 9, losing out to Houdini; but after Houdini was later disqualified for containing code plagiarized from Stockfish, Komodo was promoted to the runner-up. Komodo retrospectively won Season 10 in the same way. Starting from Season 11 however, Stockfish improved at a rate that left its rivals behind, crushing Komodo in Season 12 and 13. The advent of the neural network engine Leela Chess Zero meant Komodo has largely failed to qualify for the superfinal since, with a single exception in Season 22, when it lost to Stockfish. Although Komodo has not qualified for the superfinal, it has cemented itself as the third-strongest engine in the competition, finishing in that position for five of the last six seasons.

Chess.com Computer Chess Championship

Main Events
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
CCC 1 2018 15+5 4th
CCC 2 2018 5+2 2nd
CCC 3 2019 30+5 3rd
CCC 4 2019 1+2 4th
CCC 5 2019 10+5 4th
CCC 6 2019 10+10 7th
CCC 7 2019 5+2 6th
CCC 8 2019 15+5 6th
CCC 9 2019 5+2 5th
CCC 10 2019 10+3 4th
CCC 11 2019 30+5 4th
CCC 12 2020 1+1 4th
CCC 13 2020 10+5 4th
CCC 14 2020 10+3 5th
CCC Blitz 2020 2020 5+5 9th
CCC Blitz 2021 2021 5+5 10th
CCC Chess 960 Blitz 2021 5+5 9th

Dragon

Chess.com Computer Chess Championship

Main Events
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
CCC Blitz 2020 2020 5+5 3rd
CCC Rapid 2021 2021 15+3 3rd
CCC Blitz 2021 2021 5+5 3rd
CCC Chess 960 Blitz 2021 5+5 2nd
CCC 16: Rapid 2021 15+3 3rd
CCC 16: Bullet 2021 2+1 2nd
CCC 16: Blitz 2022 5+5 2nd
CCC 17: Rapid 2022 15+3 2nd
CCC 17: Bullet 2022 2+1 2nd
CCC 17: Blitz 2022 5+5 3rd
CCC 18: Rapid 2022 15+3 3rd
CCC 19: Blitz 2022 5+5 2nd
CCC 19: Rapid 2022 15+3 3rd
CCC 19: Bullet 2023 1+1 2nd
CCC 20: Blitz 2023 3+2 3rd
CCC 20: Rapid 2023 10+3 3rd
CCC 20: Bullet 2023 1+1 3rd
CCC 21: Blitz 2023 3+2 4th
CCC 21: Rapid 2023 10+3 4th

Top Chess Engine Championship

Main Events
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
Season 20 2020 60+7 3rd
Season 21 2021 90+9 3rd
Season 22 2022 120+12 2nd
Season 23 2022 60+6 3rd
Season 24 2023 60+6 3rd
Season 25 2023 60+6 3rd
Cup
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
Cup 8 2021 30+5 3rd
Cup 9 2021 30+5 3rd
Cup 10 2022 30+3 2nd
Cup 11 2023 30+3 3rd
Fischer random chess (FRC)
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
FRC 3 2021 30+5 1st
FRC 4 2022 30+5 3rd
Swiss
Event Year Time Controls Result Ref
Swiss 1 2021 45+7 1st
Swiss 2 2022 45+7 1st
Swiss 3 2022 45+4.5 4th
Swiss 4 2023 30+3 2nd

Notable games

Komodo vs Hannibal
abcdefgh
8a8 black rookd7 black bishope7 black rookg7 black kingh7 black pawnc6 black pawnf6 black pawng6 black pawnb5 black pawnc5 white rookd5 black pawna4 black pawnb4 white pawnd4 white pawnf4 white pawnh4 white pawne3 white pawna2 white pawnf2 white pawng2 white bishopc1 white rookg1 white king8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
Komodo plays the exchange sacrifice 33. Rxc6 and goes on to win the game, proving the superiority of its pieces over Black's two rooks.

References

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