| Desmognathus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ocoee salamander (Desmognathus ocoee) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Plethodontidae |
| Subfamily: | Plethodontinae |
| Genus: | Desmognathus Baird, 1850 |
| Species | |
|
See table. | |
Desmognathus is a genus of lungless salamanders in the family Plethodontidae known as dusky salamanders. They range throughout the eastern United States as far west as Texas, and north to southeastern Canada.
Characteristics
Species of the genus Desmognathus have a unique jaw-opening mechanism where the lower jaw is stationary and the skull swings open. There are additional stalked condyles, an atlanto-mandibular ligament, along with other skeletal and musculature features that have evolved to accompany this type of jaw-opening mechanism. Additionally, they are known to exhibit maternal care by brooding over their eggs.
Species
This genus includes the following 39-40 species:
| Binomial Name and Author | Common Name |
|---|---|
| Desmognathus abditus Anderson & Tilley, 2003 |
Cumberland dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus adatsihi Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Cherokee mountain dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus aeneus Brown & Bishop, 1947 |
Seepage salamander |
| Desmognathus amphileucus Bishop, 1941 |
Nantahala blackbelly salamander |
| Desmognathus anicetus Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Foothills dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus apalachicolae Means & Karlin, 1989 |
Apalachicola dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus aureatus (Martof, 1956) |
Golden shovelnose salamander |
| Desmognathus auriculatus (Holbrook, 1838) |
Holbrook's southern dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus bairdi Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Piedmont dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus balsameus Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Great Balsams mountain dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus brimleyorum Stejneger, 1895 |
Ouachita dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus campi Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Savannah dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus carolinensis Dunn, 1916 |
Carolina mountain dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus catahoula Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Catahoula spotted dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus cheaha Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Talladega seal salamander |
| Desmognathus conanti Rossman, 1958 |
Spotted dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus folkertsi Camp, Tilley, Austin & Marshall, 2002 |
Dwarf blackbelly salamander |
| Desmognathus fuscus (Rafinesque, 1820) |
Northern dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus gvnigeusgwotli Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Cherokee blackbelly salamander |
| Desmognathus imitator Dunn, 1927 |
Imitator salamander |
| Desmognathus intermedius (Pope, 1928) |
Central shovelnose salamander |
| Desmognathus kanawha Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Kanawha blackbelly salamander |
| Desmognathus lycos Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Wolf dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus marmoratus (Moore, 1899) |
Shovelnose salamander |
| Desmognathus mavrokoilius Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Pisgah blackbelly salamander |
| Desmognathus monticola Dunn, 1916 |
Seal salamander |
| Desmognathus ochrophaeus Cope, 1859 |
Allegheny mountain dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949 |
Ocoee dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus orestes Tilley & Mahoney, 1996 |
Blue Ridge dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus organi Crespi & Browne, 2010 |
Northern pygmy salamander |
| Desmognathus pascagoula Pyron, O'Connell, Lamb, and Beamer, 2022 |
Pascagoula dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus perlapsus Neill, 1950 |
Tallulah dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus planiceps Newman, 1955 |
Flat-headed salamander |
| Desmognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook, 1840) |
Blackbelly salamander (defunct) |
| Desmognathus santeetlah Tilley, 1981 |
Santeetlah dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus tilleyi Pyron and Beamer, 2023 |
Max Patch dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus valentinei Means, Lamb, and Bernardo, 2017 |
Valentine's southern dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus valtos Pyron and Beamer, 2022 |
Carolina swamp dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus welteri Barbour, 1950 |
Black Mountain dusky salamander |
| Desmognathus wrighti King, 1936 |
Pygmy salamander |
References
- ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Desmognathus Baird, 1850". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
- "Plethodontidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. . Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
- ^ Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles. Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-12-386919-7.
External links
- Tree of Life: Desmognathus
- "Desmognathus ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 1 May 2006.
Further reading
- Baird SF. 1850. Revision of the North American Tailed-Batrachia, with descriptions of new genera and species. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Series 2, 1: 281–294. (Desmognathus, new genus, p. 282).
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Desmognathus | |
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