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Eastern grass owl
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)
CITES Appendix II (CITES)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Strigiformes
Family:	Tytonidae
Genus:	Tyto
Species:	T. longimembris
Binomial name
Tyto longimembris (Jerdon, 1839)

The eastern grass owl (Tyto longimembris), also known as Chinese grass owl or Australasian grass owl, is a species of owl in the family Tytonidae. They feed predominantly on small rodents.

Though some authorities consider this owl to be conspecific with the African grass owl, T. capensis, other consider it to be a valid species.

Description

The eastern grass owl is a medium-sized owl, similar in size to the barn owl. Adult males measure from 32 to 38 cm (13 to 15 in) in length, while the larger females can measure from 35 to 42 cm (14 to 17 in). The wingspan is from 100 to 116 cm (39 to 46 in). The female weighs 460 g (16 oz) while the male weighs 400 g (14 oz). They have dark brown or tan upper parts with pale spots. They have black and tan bars on its wings and a very pale beak, feathered legs, and dark brown eyes. Like all Tyto owls, it has a heart-shaped facial disk with brown buff and a white bordering.

Call

The eastern grass owl's primary call is like many other tyto owls. A loud, hissing screech but the grass owl's screech is louder than a barn owl's but quieter than a masked owl's.

Hunting

Studies in parts of Australia have shown that the most common prey is the long-haired rat and the cane rat. Prey are detected from on the wing. The owl uses its long legs to penetrate dense ground cover and seize its prey.

Habitat

This owl prefers tall grasslands and swamps. Roost areas consist of flattened vegetation within systems of "tunnels" through the swamp vegetation. Nesting is in similar situations.

Distribution

Eastern grass owls live in eastern, southern and southeast Asia, parts of New Guinea, the Philippines, Australia (mainly in Queensland) and the western Pacific.

Conservation status

Eastern grass owls are considered "least concern" globally, primarily because of their wide distribution. Within Australia, Tyto longimembris is considered vulnerable on the New South Wales Threatened Species Conservation Act (1995).

References

1. BirdLife International (2016). "Tyto longimembris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22688522A93199574. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688522A93199574.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
3. Lin, Wen-Loung; Wang, Yin; Tseng, Hui-Yun (2007). "Initial Investigation on the Diet of Eastern Grass Owl (Tyto longimembris) in Southern Taiwan". Taiwania. 52 (1): 100–105. doi:10.6165/tai.2007.52(1).100.
4. Christidis, Les; Boles, Walter (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing. p. 168. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.
5. Eastern Grass Owl - Tyto longimembris. OWl Pages
6. Ali, Sálim (1996). The Book of Indian Birds (12th ed.). Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-0-19-563731-1.
7. Duncan, James R. (2003). Owls of the World: Their Lives, Behavior and Survival. Firefly Books. pp. 203–. ISBN 978-1-55297-845-0.

External links

• HBW species page
• Birdlife species factsheet

• IUCN Red List least concern species
• Tyto
• Birds of East Asia
• Birds of Indomalaya
• Birds of prey of Oceania
• Birds of Queensland
• Diurnal raptors of Australia
• Birds described in 1839