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Ecdysteroid

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(Redirected from Ecdysteroids) Group of steroid hormones

Chemical structures of ecdysteroids, ecdysone (top) and 20-hydroxyecdysone

Ecdysteroids are arthropod steroid hormones that are mainly responsible for molting (ecdysis), development and, to a lesser extent, reproduction; examples of ecdysteroids include ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone), turkesterone and 2-deoxyecdysone. These compounds are synthesized in arthropods from dietary cholesterol upon metabolism by the Halloween family of cytochrome P450s.

Compounds with ecdysteroid activity in arthopods are not only produced by these animals (zooecdysteroids). Phytoecdysteroids also appear in many plants mostly as a protection agents (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivore insects. Fungi also produce a handful of mycoecdysteroids. In addition, synthetic ecdysteroid pesticides such as methoxyfenozide have been produced.

Mammals

Ecdysterone has been tested on mammals due to the interest in its potential hypertrophic effect. It has been found to increase hypertrophy in rats at a similar level to some anabolic androgenic steroids and SARMs. This is proposed to be through increase of Calcium leading to activation of Akt and protein synthesis in skeletal muscles. A newer study points to estrogen receptor beta.

20-hydroxyecdysone is a human drug candidate.

See also

References

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  2. Krishnakumaran A, Schneiderman HA (December 1970). "Control of molting in mandibulate and chelicerate arthropods by ecdysones". The Biological Bulletin. 139 (3): 520–538. doi:10.2307/1540371. JSTOR 1540371. PMID 5494238.
  3. Margam VM, Gelman DB, Palli SR (June 2006). "Ecdysteroid titers and developmental expression of ecdysteroid-regulated genes during metamorphosis of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)". Journal of Insect Physiology. 52 (6): 558–568. Bibcode:2006JInsP..52..558M. doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2006.02.003. PMID 16580015.
  4. Okamoto N, Fujinaga D, Yamanaka N (2023), "Steroid hormone signaling: What we can learn from insect models", Vitamins and Hormones, 123, Elsevier: 525–554, doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2022.12.006, ISBN 978-0-443-13455-5, PMID 37717997, retrieved 2024-07-29
  5. "Ecdysteroids Information". Examine.com. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  6. Mykles DL (November 2011). "Ecdysteroid metabolism in crustaceans". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 127 (3–5): 196–203. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.09.001. PMID 20837145. S2CID 23942645.
  7. Dinan L (June 2001). "Phytoecdysteroids: biological aspects". Phytochemistry. 57 (3): 325–339. Bibcode:2001PChem..57..325D. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00078-4. PMID 11393511.
  8. Dinan L, Savchenko T, Whiting P (July 2001). "On the distribution of phytoecdysteroids in plants". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 58 (8): 1121–1132. doi:10.1007/PL00000926. PMC 11337386. PMID 11529504. S2CID 8496934.
  9. Dinan L, Mamadalieva NZ, Lafont R (2020). "Dietary Phytoecdysteroids". Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals. pp. 1–54. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1745-3_35-1.
  10. Carlson GR, Dhadialla TS, Hunter R, Jansson RK, Jany CS, Lidert Z, Slawecki RA (February 2001). "The chemical and biological properties of methoxyfenozide, a new insecticidal ecdysteroid agonist". Pest management science. 57 (2): 115–9. doi:10.1002/1526-4998(200102)57:2<115::AID-PS245>3.0.CO;2-A. PMID 11455641.
  11. Parr MK, Botrè F, Naß A, Hengevoss J, Diel P, Wolber G (June 2015). "Ecdysteroids: A novel class of anabolic agents?". Biology of Sport. 32 (2): 169–173. doi:10.5604/20831862.1144420 (inactive 1 November 2024). PMC 4447764. PMID 26060342.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  12. Gorelick-Feldman J, Cohick W, Raskin I (October 2010). "Ecdysteroids elicit a rapid Ca2+ flux leading to Akt activation and increased protein synthesis in skeletal muscle cells". Steroids. 75 (10): 632–637. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2010.03.008. PMC 3815456. PMID 20363237.
  13. Parr MK, Zhao P, Haupt O, Ngueu ST, Hengevoss J, Fritzemeier KH, Piechotta M, Schlörer N, Muhn P, Zheng WY, Xie MY, Diel P (September 2014). "Estrogen receptor beta is involved in skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by the phytoecdysteroid ecdysterone". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 58 (9): 1861–72. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201300806. PMID 24974955.
  14. Sharma S (2024-07-12). "FDA approves Biophytis' Phase II OBA obesity study". Clinical Trials Arena. Retrieved 2024-07-13.

External links

  • Ecdybase, The Ecdysone Handbook - a free online ecdysteroids database
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