Estonian National Independence Party

(Redirected from Eesti Rahvusliku Sõltumatuse Partei) Political party in Estonia

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Politics of Estonia


State Constitution Declaration of Independence Human rights
Presidency President Alar Karis
Executive Prime Minister Kaja Kallas Government of Estonia Incumbent cabinet
Legislature Riigikogu Speaker: Lauri Hussar
Judiciary Supreme Court Chancellor of Justice
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v t e

The Estonian National Independence Party, or ENIP, (Estonian: Eesti Rahvusliku Sõltumatuse Partei, ERSP), founded on 20 August 1988 in Estonian SSR, was the first non-communist political party established in the former USSR. Founders of the party were nationalist and anti-communist dissidents.

The initiative to establish the Estonian independentist party came from Vello Väärtnõu, the leader of a local Buddhist group. On 30 January 1988 he organized a press conference in Moscow for Western media where he announced plans for the formation of the party, with the aim to restore the fully independent Republic of Estonia as a nation state on the restitution principle. This made the ENIP the most radical or political movement of its day. Väärtnõu and several fellow Buddhists were expelled from the Soviet Union shortly after the press conference. ENIP was officially founded in August 1988 in the village of Pilistvere in central Estonia.

ENIP represented the radical wing of the Estonian independence movement and used "hardline" anti-communist rhetoric, in contrast with the Popular Front that cooperated with pro-reform communists. The party gained a majority during the February 1990 elections of the Congress of Estonia. After Estonia regained independence in 1991, ENIP was part of the centre-right government from 1992–1995, and later merged with Pro Patria to form the Pro Patria Union, a national-conservative party.

References

Andres Mäe (1995). "Estonian national independence party (ENIP)". The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity. 23 (1): 211–212. doi:10.1080/00905999508408364. S2CID 155187250.
(Simons, Westerlund. "Religion, Politics and Nation-Building in Post-Communist Countries")

External links

Buddhist Against Empire

v t e Restoration of the independence of the Baltic states
Armed struggle
Groups and events	Guerrilla war in the Baltic states (1944–56) Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters Operation Priboi (1949) Operation Jungle (1949–55)
Freedom fighters	August Sabbe Jānis Pīnups Pranas Končius Juozas Lukša Adolfas Ramanauskas
Soviet dissident era
Groups and events	Lithuanian Helsinki Group (1977–81) Lithuanian Liberty League (1978–95) Baltic Appeal (1979) Letter of 40 Intellectuals (1980) Phosphorite War (1987) MRP-AEG (1987–88)
Dissidents	Gunārs Astra Romas Kalanta Jüri Kukk Tiit Madisson Mart Niklus Lagle Parek Enn Tarto Tomas Venclova
Political activism era
Movements	ERSP Popular Front of Estonia Popular Front of Latvia Sąjūdis Estonian Citizens' Committee Congress of Estonia
Activists	Tunne Kelam Vytautas Landsbergis Lennart Meri
Singing Revolution	Hirvepark meeting (1987) Night Song Festivals (1988) Baltic Way (1989) Alo Mattiisen "The Baltics Are Waking Up"
Key decisions	Sovereignty Declaration of the Estonian SSR (1988) Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania (1990) On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia (1990)
Final confrontations	Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts January 1991 events in Lithuania January 1991 events in Latvia
Post-independence crises	Pullapää crisis (1993) Coup of the Volunteers (1993)

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