| Monastery of Santa María de El Paular | |
|---|---|
| Native name Monasterio de Santa María de El Paular (Spanish) | |
 | |
| Location | Rascafría, Spain |
| Coordinates | 40°53′18″N 3°53′15″W / 40.888303°N 3.887585°W / 40.888303; -3.887585 |
| Spanish Cultural Heritage | |
| Official name | Monasterio de Santa María de El Paular |
| Type | Non-movable |
| Criteria | Monument |
| Designated | 1876 |
| Reference no. | RI-51-0000015 |
  Location of Monastery of Santa María de El Paular in Spain | |
The Monasterio de Santa María de El Paular (Santa María de El Paular Monastery) is a former Carthusian monastery (Spanish cartuja, "charterhouse") located just northwest of Madrid, in the town of Rascafría, located in the Valley of Lozoya below the Sierra de Guadarrama.
History
Construction is believed to have begun in 1390 by orders of Henry II of Castile, and construction proceeded for fifty years under his son, John I of Castile. It was sited where an old chapel stood. Supposedly he was spurred to this project due to his plundering of a chartreuse during a campaign in France. This was the first chartreuse in Castille and Leon. In 1403, a small adjacent palace was built under Rodrigo Alonso. Multiple architects contributed to the complex, including Juan Guas, Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón, Francisco Hurtado and Vicente Acero. The refectory was designed in a Moorish style.
The monastery was dissolved in 1835, and not till 1876 was some state protection afforded to the site. Since 1954, part of the monastery is occupied by the Benedictine order; while part was a private luxury hotel, operating as the Sheraton Santa Maria de El Paular, for many years, until it closed in 2014.
Design
The spectacular late-Baroque decorations of the chapel of the sacristy and its Transparente (mid-18th century) by Francisco Hurtado Izquierdo and containing polychromatic marbles, solomonic columns, and gilded leafwork, contrast with the rocky serene simpleness of the cloisters. The silver decoration of the church included a silver “custodia” weighing some 24 arrobas (approximately 15 kilogram per arroba), which among with many other items, was probably looted by Napoleon's troops. There is a large 15th-century carved wood reredos in excellent condition, and a fine ironwork screen segregating the monastic choir from the nave.
Collections
While it still has an interesting library, its once famous collection of books and maps has been dispersed. In 1755, an earthquake damaged the tower and nave roof. Missing from the site are 52 paintings by Vincenzo Carducci on the life of St. Bruno and other devotional incidents. The paintings are in local museums, including the Prado in Madrid. The paintings were returned to the monastery after restoration in 2011.
Parts of both monastery and hotel are open for visits by the public.
References
- Pía Minchot Madrid - Page 182 2003 "By the town of Rascafría, amid a splendorous landscape stands the famous Cartuja del Paular. Founded in 1390, at the request of Juan I, it is the oldest Carthusian monastery in Castile. The master builder was Rodrigo Alfonso - who had also ...
- Jacqueline Oglesby The Mountains of Central Spain 1996 - Page 296 "Stage Two: PUERTO DE LA MORCUERA- EL PAULAR MONASTERY - 10.6km. It is downhill all the way from the pass to the monastery which is described along with the nearby village of Rascafria in the East Guadarrama chapter"
- Mario Parajón El Monasterio de Santa María de El Paular 1983
- Sadly this fine hotel will close July 1st 2014 - Review of Sheraton Santa Maria de El Paular, Rascafria, Spain - TripAdvisor
- Web oficial of the Monasterio de Santa María de El Paular
- Los cartujos de Carducho regresan a El Paular, Museo Nacional del Prado.