 2001 Mars Odyssey THEMIS daytime infrared image mosaic | |
| Feature type | Shield volcano |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 25°01′N 147°13′E / 25.02°N 147.21°E / 25.02; 147.21 |
| Peak |
|
| Discoverer | Mariner 9 |
Elysium Mons /ɪˈlɪziəm ˈmɒnz/ is a volcano on Mars located in the volcanic province Elysium, at 25°01′N 147°13′E / 25.02°N 147.21°E / 25.02; 147.21, in the Martian eastern hemisphere. It stands about 12.6 km (41,000 ft) above its base, and about 14.1 km (46,000 ft) above the Martian datum, making it the third tallest Martian mountain in terms of relief and the fourth highest in elevation. Its diameter is about 240 km (150 mi), with a summit caldera about 14 km (8.7 mi) across. It is flanked by the smaller volcanoes Hecates Tholus to the northeast, and Albor Tholus to the southeast.
Discovery
Elysium Mons was discovered in 1972 in images returned by the Mariner 9 orbiter.
Terrestrial analog
The terrestrial volcano Emi Koussi (in Chad) has been studied as an analog of Elysium Mons. The two shield volcanoes have summit calderas of similar size, but Elysium Mons is 3.5 times larger in diameter and 6 times higher than its counterpart on Earth.
Possible source of nakhlites
A 6.5 km diameter crater at 29.674 N, 130.799 E, in the volcanic plains to the northwest of Elysium Mons has been identified as a possible source for the nakhlite meteorites, a family of similar basaltic Martian meteorites with cosmogenic ages of about 10.7 Ma, suggesting ejection from Mars by a single impact event. The dates of the igneous rocks of the nakhlites range from 1416 ± 7 Ma to 1322 ± 10 Ma. These dates plus the crater dimensions suggest a growth rate of the source volcano during that interval of 0.4–0.7 m per Ma, far slower than would be expected for a terrestrial volcano. This implies that Martian volcanism had slowed greatly by that point in history.
Gallery
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Viking Orbiter 1 mosaic (1977)
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Topography of the Elysium Mons area, from MOLA
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Mars Global Surveyor view of the summit area
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Rim of Elysium Mons caldera, as seen by HiRISE
Interactive Mars map
Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars. Hover your mouse over the image to see the names of over 60 prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Whites and browns indicate the highest elevations (+12 to +8 km); followed by pinks and reds (+8 to +3 km); yellow is 0 km; greens and blues are lower elevations (down to −8 km). Axes are latitude and longitude; Polar regions are noted. (See also: Mars Rovers map and Mars Memorial map) (view • discuss)
See also
References
- "Elysium Mons". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
- ^ Plescia, J. B. (2004). "Morphometric properties of Martian volcanoes". Journal of Geophysical Research. 109 (E3): E03003. Bibcode:2004JGRE..109.3003P. doi:10.1029/2002JE002031. ISSN 0148-0227.
- Cohen, B. E.; Mark, D. F.; Cassata, W. S.; Lee, M. R.; Tomkinson, T.; Smith, C. L. (2017). "Taking the pulse of Mars via dating of a plume-fed volcano". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 640. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8..640C. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00513-8. PMC 5626741. PMID 28974682.
External links
- Google Mars - zoomable map centered on Elysium Mons
- "Elysium Mons Volcano" - NASA images of Elysium Mons, from Malin Space Science Systems
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