Misplaced Pages

Equestrian at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Redirected from Equestrian at the 2008 Summer Olympics - Individual jumping)

Equestrian at the Olympics
Individual jumping
at the Games of the XXIX Olympiad
Medal ceremony
VenueHong Kong Sports Institute
Dates15–21 August
Competitors77 from 29 nations
Winning total0 faults
Medalists
1st place, gold medalist(s) Eric Lamaze
 Canada
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Rolf-Göran Bengtsson
 Sweden
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Beezie Madden
 United States
← 20042012 →
Equestrian events at the
2008 Summer Olympics
Dressageindividualteam
Eventingindividualteam
Jumpingindividualteam

The individual show jumping at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place between 15 and 21 August, at the Hong Kong Sports Institute. Like all other equestrian events, the jumping competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. There were 77 competitors from 29 nations. The event was won by Eric Lamaze of Canada, the nation's first victory in individual jumping and first medal of any color in the event since 1976. Silver went to Rolf-Göran Bengtsson of Sweden, that nation's first medal in individual jumping since 1932. American Beezie Madden, who had led through the three qualifying rounds in 2004 before a bad first final round put her in 30th overall in Athens, took the bronze medal in Beijing.

Background

This was the 23rd appearance of the event, which had first been held at the 1900 Summer Olympics and has been held at every Summer Olympics at which equestrian sports have been featured (that is, excluding 1896, 1904, and 1908). It is the oldest event on the current programme, the only one that was held in 1900.

Four of the top 11 riders (including ties for 10th place) from the 2004 Games returned: gold medalist Rodrigo Pessoa of Brazil, bronze medalist Marco Kutscher of Germany, fourth-place finisher Rolf-Göran Bengtsson of Sweden, and tenth-place finisher Nick Skelton of Great Britain. 1992 Olympic gold medalist Ludger Beerbaum of Germany also returned yet again. Jos Lansink of Belgium, a perennial Olympian like Beerbaum, was the reigning World Champion.

Azerbaijan, Bermuda, the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, Ukraine, and the United Arab Emirates each made their debut in the event. The United States competed for the 20th time, matching absent France for most of any nation.

Four horses were banned from competing for doping, Bernardo Alves of Brazil, Christian Ahlmann of Germany, Denis Lynch of Ireland and Tony Andre Hansen of Norway.

Qualification

Main article: Equestrian at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Qualification

Each National Olympic Committee (NOC) could qualify up to 4 horse and rider pairs; there were a total of 79 quota places. Each of the 16 nations qualified for the team jumping could enter 4 pairs in the individual event. The qualified teams were:

  • Hosts China and Hong Kong
  • 5 teams from the World Equestrian Games: the Netherlands, the United States, Germany, Ukraine, and Switzerland
  • 3 teams from the European Jumping Championship: Great Britain, Sweden, and Norway
  • 3 teams from the Pan American Games: Brazil, Canada, and Mexico
  • 1 team each from regional groups F and G at the World Games: Saudi Arabia and Australia
  • 1 team from the group G qualification event: New Zealand

There were also 15 individual qualification places, with NOCs not earning team spots able to earn up to 2 individual spots. All of these places were assigned by regional groups:

  • Groups A and B had two spots, assigned through rankings
  • Group C had three spots, assigned through rankings
  • Group D had one spot and Group E had 4 spots, assigned through the Pan American Games
  • Group F had three spots, two assigned through the World Games and one through a qualification event
  • Group G had two spots, one assigned through the World Games and one through a qualification event

Competition format

The competition used the five-round format introduced in 1992, with three rounds in the qualifying round and two rounds in the final. The first three rounds made up the qualifying stage. The second and third of those rounds were also used for the team jumping event. Following the qualifying rounds, the top 35 pairs moved on to the final stage. That stage was held over two rounds; only the top 20 pairs competed in the second of the two final rounds. Overall scores and final rankings were based on the sum of scores from both rounds of the final stage.

Schedule

All times were China Standard Time (UTC+8)

Date Time Round
Friday, 15 August 2008 19:15 Qualifying round 1
Sunday, 17 August 2008 19:15 Qualifying round 2
Monday, 18 August 2008 19:15 Qualifying round 3
Thursday, 21 August 2008 19:15
22:10
Final round A
Final round B

Results

Rolf-Göran Bengtsson and Ninja La Silla

Qualifying round

Round 1

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties
Jump Time Total
1 Christina Liebherr  Switzerland No Mercy 0 0 0
Pedro Veniss  Brazil Un Blanc de Blancs 0 0 0
Taizo Sugitani  Japan California 0 0 0
Mac Cone  Canada Ole 0 0 0
Stein Endresen  Norway Le Beau 0 0 0
McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 0 0 0
Patrick Lam  Hong Kong Urban 0 0 0
Bernardo Alves  Brazil Chupa Chup 0 0 0
Vincent Voorn  Netherlands Alpapillon-Armanie 0 0 0
Niklaus Schurtenberger  Switzerland Cantus 0 0 0
Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 0 0 0
Will Simpson  United States Carlsson vom Dach 0 0 0
Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 0 0 0
14 Nick Skelton  Great Britain Russel 0 1 1
Laurie Lever  Australia Drossel Dan 0 1 1
Jill Henselwood  Canada Special Ed 0 1 1
Morten Djupvik  Norway Casino 0 1 1
Antonio Chedraui  Mexico Don Porfirio 0 1 1
Jamal Rahimov  Azerbaijan Ionesco de Brekka 0 1 1
Eiken Sato  Japan Cayak 0 1 1
Ben Maher  Great Britain Rolette 0 1 1
Denis Lynch  Ireland Lantinus 0 1 1
Steve Guerdat  Switzerland Jalisca Solier 0 1 1
Jos Lansink  Belgium Cumano 0 1 1
Tony Andre Hansen  Norway Camiro 0 1 1
Federico Fernandez  Mexico Zorro 0 1 1
27 Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 0 2 2
Ramzy Al Duhami  Saudi Arabia Allah Jabek 0 2 2
29 Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 4 0 4
Peter McMahon  Australia Genoa 4 0 4
Tim Stockdale  Great Britain Corlato 4 0 4
Pius Schwizer  Switzerland Nobless M 4 0 4
Kirk Webby  New Zealand Sitah 4 0 4
Edwina Alexander  Australia Itot du Chateau 4 0 4
Matt Williams  Australia Leconte 4 0 4
Ian Millar  Canada In Style 4 0 4
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 4 0 4
38 Jean-Claude Van Geenberghe  Ukraine Quintus 4 1 5
Laura Kraut  United States Cedric 4 1 5
Lotta Schultz  Sweden Calibra II 4 1 5
Camila Benedicto  Brazil Bonito Z 4 1 5
Gerco Schröder  Netherlands Monaco 4 1 5
John Whitaker  Great Britain Peppermill 4 1 5
Jillian Terceira  Bermuda Chaka III 4 1 5
45 Marco Kutscher  Germany Cornet Obolensky 4 2 6
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 4 2 6
Kenneth Cheng  Hong Kong Can Do 4 2 6
48 Peter Eriksson  Sweden Jaguar Mail 8 0 8
Lyubov Kochetova  Russia Ilion Kilen 8 0 8
Helena Lundback  Sweden Erbblume 8 0 8
51 Pablo Barrios  Venezuela Sinatra 8 1 9
Juan Andres Rodriguez  Guatemala Orestus 8 1 9
Enrique González  Mexico Frida 8 1 9
Li Zhenqiang  China Jumpy des Fontaines 4 5 9
55 Christian Ahlmann  Germany Coster 8 2 10
Huang Zuping  China Pablo II 8 2 10
Abdullah Al Saud  Saudi Arabia Obelix 8 2 10
Bjorn Nagel  Ukraine Magic Bengtsson 8 2 10
Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 8 2 10
60 Faisal Al Shalan  Saudi Arabia Wido 8 3 11
Latifa bint Ahmed Al Maktoum  United Arab Emirates Kalaska de Semilly 8 3 11
Kamal Bahamdan  Saudi Arabia Rivaal 8 3 11
63 Alberto Michan  Mexico Chinobampo Lavita 8 4 12
64 Geir Gulliksen  Norway Cattani 12 1 13
66 Jose Larocca  Argentina Royal Power 12 2 14
Samantha Lam  Hong Kong Tresor 12 2 14
Bruce Goodin  New Zealand Yamato 12 2 14
68 Zhao Zhiwen  China Tadonia 16 1 17
69 Oleksandr Onyshchenko  Ukraine Codar 16 2 18
70 Ibrahim Bisharat  Jordan Sam-Sam 16 3 19
71 Manuel Torres  Colombia Chambacunero 20 1 21
72 Katharina Offel  Ukraine Lord Spezi 20 7 27
73 Zhang Bin  China Coertis 28 2 30
74 Sharn Wordley  New Zealand Rockville 44 3 47
75 Karim El Zoghby  Egypt Aladin 48 4 52
76 Katie McVean  New Zealand Forest 72 0 72
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 0 1 DPG

Round 2

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round 1 Total
1 McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 0 0 0 0 Q
Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 0 0 0 0 Q
3 Denis Lynch  Ireland Lantinus 0 1 1 2 Q
Jos Lansink  Belgium Cumano 0 1 1 2 Q
Tony Andre Hansen  Norway Camiro 0 1 1 2 Q
6 Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 0 1 2 3 Q
7 Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 0 0 4 4 Q
Stein Endresen  Norway Le Beau 4 0 0 4 Q
Christina Liebherr  Switzerland No Mercy 4 0 0 4 Q
Edwina Alexander  Australia Itot du Chateau 0 0 4 4 Q
Niklaus Schurtenberger  Switzerland Cantus 4 0 0 4 Q
12 Ben Maher  Great Britain Rolette 4 0 1 5 Q
Steve Guerdat  Switzerland Jalisca Solier 4 0 1 5 Q
14 Ramzy Al Duhami  Saudi Arabia Allah Jabek 4 1 2 7 Q
15 Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 4 0 4 8 Q
Tim Stockdale  Great Britain Corlato 4 0 4 8 Q
Pius Schwizer  Switzerland Nobless M 4 0 4 8 Q
Will Simpson  United States Carlsson vom Dach 8 0 0 8 Q
Matt Williams  Australia Leconte 4 0 4 8 Q
Ian Millar  Canada In Style 4 0 4 8 Q
21 Patrick Lam  Hong Kong Urban 8 1 0 9 Q
Antonio Chedraui  Mexico Don Porfirio 8 0 1 9 Q
Nick Skelton  Great Britain Russel 8 0 1 9 Q
Laura Kraut  United States Cedric 4 0 5 9 Q
25 Lotta Schultz  Sweden Calibra II 4 1 5 10 Q
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 4 0 6 10 Q
Federico Fernandez  Mexico Zorro 8 1 1 10 Q
28 Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 8 3 0 11 Q
29 Kirk Webby  New Zealand Sitah 8 0 4 12 Q
Mac Cone  Canada Ole 12 0 0 12 Q
Bernardo Alves  Brazil Chupa Chup 12 0 0 12 Q
32 Jean-Claude Van Geenberghe  Ukraine Quintus 8 0 5 13 Q
Morten Djupvik  Norway Casino 12 0 1 13 Q
34 Peter Eriksson  Sweden Jaguar Mail 8 0 8 16 Q
Vincent Voorn  Netherlands Alpapillon-Armanie 16 0 0 16 Q
36 Taizo Sugitani  Japan California 16 1 0 17 Q
Laurie Lever  Australia Drossel Dan 16 0 1 17 Q
Gerco Schröder  Netherlands Monaco 12 0 5 17 Q
39 Juan Andres Rodriguez  Guatemala Orestus 8 1 9 18 Q
Christian Ahlmann  Germany Coster 8 0 10 18 Q
Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 8 0 10 18 Q
Camila Benedicto  Brazil Bonito Z 12 1 5 18 Q
43 Marco Kutscher  Germany Cornet Obolensky 12 1 6 19 Q
Bjorn Nagel  Ukraine Magic Bengtsson 8 1 10 19 Q
Jill Henselwood  Canada Special Ed 16 2 1 19 Q
46 Helena Lundback  Sweden Erbblume 12 0 8 20 Q
Peter McMahon  Australia Genoa 16 0 4 20 Q
48 Alberto Michan  Mexico Chinobampo Lavita 8 1 12 21 Q
49 Pablo Barrios  Venezuela Sinatra 12 2 9 23 Q
50 Eiken Sato  Japan Cayak 24 0 1 25
Enrique Gonzalez  Mexico Frida 16 0 9 25
Geir Gulliksen  Norway Cattani 12 0 13 25
53 Latifa bin Ahmed Al Maktoum  United Arab Emirates Kalaska de Semilly 12 3 11 26
Kamal Bahamdan  Saudi Arabia Rivaal 12 3 11 26
Bruce Goodin  New Zealand Yamato 12 0 14 26
56 Kenneth Cheng  Hong Kong Can Do 20 1 6 27
57 Faisal Al Shalan  Saudi Arabia Wido 16 2 11 29
58 Jose Larocca  Argentina Royal Power 16 0 14 30
59 Abdullah Al Saud  Saudi Arabia Obelix 28 2 10 40
60 Ibrahim Bisharat  Jordan Sam-Sam 20 32 19 41
Ljubov Kochetova  Russia Ilion Kilen 28 5 8 41
62 Manuel Torres  Colombia Chambacunero 20 2 21 43
Samantha Lam  Hong Kong Tresor 28 1 14 43
64 Katharina Offel  Ukraine Lord Spezi 16 1 27 44
65 Huang Zuping  China Pablo II 36 0 10 46
66 Li Zhenqiang  China Jumpy des Fontaines 32 7 9 48
67 Zhao Zhiwen  China Tadonia 32 0 17 49
68 Zhang Bin  China Coertis 24 7 30 61
69 Sharn Wordley  New Zealand Rockville 24 1 47 72
70 Katie McVean  New Zealand Forest 40 5 72 117
Pedro Veniss  Brazil Un Blanc de Blancs Eliminated 0 Elim.
Jamal Rahimov  Azerbaijan Ionesco de Brekka Eliminated 1 Elim.
Jillian Terceira  Bermuda Chaka III Eliminated 5 Elim.
Oleksandr Onyshchenko  Ukraine Codar Eliminated 18 Elim.
John Whitaker  Great Britain Peppermill DNS 5 DNF
Karim El Zoghby  Egypt Aladin DNS 52 DNF
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 0 0 1 1 Q, DPG

Round 3

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round 1+2 Total
1 Tony Andre Hansen  Norway Camiro 0 1 2 3 Q
2 Jos Lansink  Belgium Cumano 0 2 2 4 Q
McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 4 0 0 4 Q
Edwina Alexander  Australia Itot du Chateau 0 0 4 4 Q
Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 4 0 0 4 Q
6 Ben Maher  Great Britain Rolette 0 0 5 5 Q
7 Denis Lynch  Ireland Lantinus 4 2 2 8 Q
Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 4 1 3 8 Q
Ian Millar  Canada In Style 0 0 8 8 Q
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 4 0 4 8 Q
11 Laura Kraut  United States Cedric 0 0 9 9 Q
12 Steve Guerdat  Switzerland Jalisca Solier 4 1 5 10 Q
13 Niklaus Schurtenberger  Switzerland Cantus 8 0 4 12 Q
14 Pius Schwizer  Switzerland Nobless M 4 1 8 13 Q
15 Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 4 0 10 14 Q
16 Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 4 0 11 15 Q
17 Ramzy Al Duhami  Saudi Arabia Allah Jabek 8 1 7 16 Q
Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 8 0 8 16 Q
Stein Endresen  Norway Le Beau 12 0 4 16 Q
Tim Stockdale  Great Britain Corlato 8 0 8 16 Q
Will Simpson  United States Carlsson vom Dach 8 0 8 16 3/NOC
22 Jean-Claude Van Geenberghe  Ukraine Quintus 4 0 13 17 Q
Antonio Chedraui  Mexico Don Porfirio 8 0 9 17 Q
Morten Djupvik  Norway Casino 4 0 13 17 Q
25 Jill Henselwood  Canada Special Ed 0 0 19 19 Q
26 Bernardo Alves  Brazil Chupa Chup 8 0 12 20 Q
Peter Eriksson  Sweden Jaguar Mail 4 0 16 20 Q
28 Laurie Lever  Australia Drossel Dan 4 0 17 21 Q
Gerco Schröder  Netherlands Monaco 4 0 17 21 Q
30 Christian Ahlmann  Germany Coster 4 0 18 22 Q
Nick Skelton  Great Britain Russel 12 1 9 22 Q
32 Kirk Webby  New Zealand Sitah 12 0 12 24 Q
Federico Fernandez  Mexico Zorro 12 2 10 24 Q
Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 4 2 18 24 Q
35 Matt Williams  Australia Leconte 16 1 8 25 Q
36 Taizo Sugitani  Japan California 8 1 17 26
37 Camila Benedicto  Brazil Bonito Z 8 1 18 27
Christina Liebherr  Switzerland No Mercy 20 3 4 27
39 Lotta Schultz  Sweden Calibra II 20 0 10 30
40 Juan Andres Rodriguez  Guatemala Orestus 12 1 18 31
41 Helena Lundback  Sweden Erbblume 16 1 20 37
42 Marco Kutscher  Germany Cornet Obolensky 16 3 19 38
43 Pablo Barrios  Venezuela Sinatra 16 4 23 43
Vincent Voorn  Netherlands Alpapillon-Armanie 24 3 16 43
45 Patrick Lam  Hong Kong Urban 28 8 9 45
46 Alberto Michan  Mexico Chinobampo Lavita 24 1 21 46
Mac Cone  Canada Ole DNS 12 DNF
Bjorn Nagel  Ukraine Magic Bengtsson DNS 19 DNF
Peter McMahon  Australia Genoa DNS 20 DNF
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 4 2 1 7 Q, DPG

Final round

Round A

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Total
1 Camila Benedicto  Brazil Bonito Z 0 0 0 Q
Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 0 0 0 Q
Stein Endresen  Norway Le Beau 0 0 0 Q
Tim Stockdale  Great Britain Corlato 0 0 0 Q
Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 0 0 0 Q
Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 0 0 0 Q
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 0 0 0 Q
Ben Maher  Great Britain Rolette 0 0 0 Q
Jos Lansink  Belgium Cumano 0 0 0 Q
Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 0 0 0 Q
11 Lotta Schultz  Sweden Calibra II 4 0 4 Q
Matt Williams  Australia Leconte 4 0 4 Q
Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 4 0 4 Q
Gerco Schröder  Netherlands Monaco 4 0 4 Q
Jill Henselwood  Canada Special Ed 4 0 4 Q
Jean-Claude Van Geenberghe  Ukraine Quintus 4 0 4 Q
Morten Djupvik  Norway Casino 4 0 4 Q
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 4 0 4 Q
Steve Guerdat  Switzerland Jalisca Solier 4 0 4 Q
McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 4 0 4 Q
Edwina Alexander  Australia Itot du Chateau 4 0 4 Q
23 Laurie Lever  Australia Drossel Dan 8 0 8
Ramzy Al Duhami  Saudi Arabia Allah Jabek 8 0 8
Pius Schwizer  Switzerland Nobless M 8 0 8
Niklaus Schurtenberger  Switzerland Cantus 8 0 8
Laura Kraut  United States Cedric 8 0 8
Ian Millar  Canada In Style 8 0 8
28 Alberto Michan  Mexico Chinobampo Lavita 12 0 12
Taizo Sugitani  Japan California 12 0 12
Federico Fernandez  Mexico Zorro 12 0 12
Nick Skelton  Great Britain Russel 12 0 12
32 Peter Eriksson  Sweden Jaguar Mail 16 0 16
33 Kirk Webby  New Zealand Sitah 24 0 24
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 4 0 4 Q, DPG

Round B

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round A Total
1 Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 0 0 0 0 Q
Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 0 0 0 0 Q
3 Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 0 0 4 4 B
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 0 0 4 4 B
McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 0 0 4 4 B
Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 4 0 0 4 B
Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 4 0 0 4 B
Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 4 0 0 4 B
9 Jean-Claude Van Geenberghe  Ukraine Quintus 4 0 4 8
Morten Djupvik  Norway Casino 4 0 4 8
Steve Guerdat  Switzerland Jalisca Solier 4 0 4 8
Edwina Alexander  Australia Itot du Chateau 4 0 4 8
Camila Benedicto  Brazil Bonito Z 8 0 0 8
Jos Lansink  Belgium Cumano 8 0 0 8
15 Gerco Schröder  Netherlands Monaco 12 0 4 16
Stein Endresen  Norway Le Beau 16 0 0 16
Tim Stockdale  Great Britain Corlato 16 0 0 16
18 Lotta Schultz  Sweden Calibra II 12 1 4 17
19 Ben Maher  Great Britain Rolette 20 0 0 20
20 Matt Williams  Australia Leconte 20 0 4 24
Jill Henselwood  Canada Special Ed DNF 4 DNF
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 4 0 4 8 B, DPG

Bronze medal jump-off

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Time (s)
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Beezie Madden  United States Authentic 0 35.25
4 Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum  Germany Shutterfly 0 35.37
5 McLain Ward  United States Sapphire 4 35.39
6 Ludger Beerbaum  Germany All Inclusive 4 36.16
7 Marc Houtzager  Netherlands Opium 8 36.77
8 Angelique Hoorn  Netherlands O'Brien 8 36.89
Rodrigo Pessoa  Brazil Rufus 0 37.04

Gold medal jump-off

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Time (s)
1st place, gold medalist(s) Eric Lamaze  Canada Hickstead 0 38.39
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Rolf-Göran Bengtsson  Sweden Ninja 4 38.39

References

  1. Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Equestrianism at the 2008 Beijing Equestrian Games: Mixed Jumping, Individual". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 12 April 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  2. ^ "Jumping, Individual, Open". Olympedia. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  3. "Four horses suspended for doping". France 24. 21 August 2008. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  4. ^ "Equestrian stripped of Beijing result for doping". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008.

External links

Olympic equestrian champions in individual jumping
Categories: