Ernst Christian Kapp (15 October 1808 – 30 January 1896) was a German-American philosopher of technology and geographer, and a follower of Carl Ritter.
He was prosecuted for sedition in the late 1840s for publishing a small article entitled 'Der konstituierte Despotismus und die konstitutionelle Freiheit' (1849) and was subsequently forced to leave Germany. He then emigrated to the German pioneer settlements of central Texas where he worked as a farmer, geographer and inventor.
He was one of the early German Free Thinkers in Sisterdale, Texas. In 1853, he was elected the President of the Freethinker abolitionist organization Die Freie Verein (The Free Society), which called for a meeting of abolitionist German Texans in conjunction with 14 May 1854 Staats-Saengerfest (State Singing Festival) in San Antonio, Texas. The convention adopted a political, social and religious platform, including:
1) Equal pay for equal work; 2) Direct election of the President of the United States; 3) Abolition of capital punishment; 4) Slavery is an evil, the abolition of which is a requirement of democratic principles...; 5) Free schools – including universities – supported by the state, without religious influence; and 6) Total separation of church and state.
After the Civil War he left the US for a visit to Germany, but fell ill during the voyage. Urged by his physician not to risk the return trip at his age, he re-entered the academic world.
Reflecting on his frontier experience, Kapp wrote "Grundlinien einer Philosophie der Technik" (Elements of a Philosophy of Technology) (1877). This work, among many other things, formulates a philosophy of technology in which tools and weapons are identified as different forms of 'organ projections', although this idea may have been loosely covered as early as Aristotle. Furthermore, in chapters 12 & 13, it notably analyses language and the state as extensions of mental life, long before such ideas were popularised by Marshall McLuhan.
References
- Lich, Glen E: Sisterdale, Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 9 May 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- Jordan, Terry G: Kapp, Ernest from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 9 May 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- Goyne, Minetta Algelt (1982). Lone Star and Double Eagle: Civil War Letters of a German-Texas Family. Texas Christian Univ Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-912646-68-8.
- Biesele, Rudolph L: German Attitude Toward the Civil War from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 9 May 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- Biesele, R L. "The Texas State Convention of Germans in 1854". The Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2010. The Texas State Historical Association
- Mitcham, Carl (1994). Thinking through Technology: The Path between Engineering and Philosophy. University of Chicago Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-226-53198-4.
External links
- Handbook of Texas Online
- Biographical and bibliographical notes on Ernst Kapp Archived 7 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- Regent Universities notes on Ernst Kapp & Marshall McLuhan
- Elements of a Philosophy of Technology on Google Books
- Grundlinien einer Philosophie der Technik on Google Books
- Grundlinien einer Philosophie der Technik on Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin
- Viktor Hantzsch: Kapp, Ernst. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 51, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1906, p. 31–33 (in German)
- 1808 births
- 1896 deaths
- American abolitionists
- 19th-century American geographers
- 19th-century American male writers
- American people of German descent
- 19th-century German philosophers
- Freethought writers
- German abolitionists
- German-American culture in Texas
- German philosophers of technology
- Emigrants from the German Confederation to the United States
- German geographers
- 19th-century German male writers
- American philosophers of technology