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FAM131A

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Human gene and the protein it encodes
FAM131A
Identifiers
AliasesFAM131A, C3orf40, FLAT715, PRO1378, family with sequence similarity 131 member A
External IDsMGI: 1925658; HomoloGene: 82234; GeneCards: FAM131A; OMA:FAM131A - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 3 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 3 (human)
Chromosome 3 (human)Genomic location for FAM131AGenomic location for FAM131A
Band3q27.1Start184,335,926 bp
End184,348,421 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 16 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 16 (mouse)
Chromosome 16 (mouse)Genomic location for FAM131AGenomic location for FAM131A
Band16 A3|16Start20,511,991 bp
End20,521,798 bp
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • prefrontal cortex

  • right frontal lobe

  • secondary oocyte

  • dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

  • Brodmann area 9

  • middle temporal gyrus

  • orbitofrontal cortex

  • Brodmann area 46

  • right hemisphere of cerebellum

  • cingulate gyrus
Top expressed in
  • dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell

  • primary visual cortex

  • superior frontal gyrus

  • hippocampus proper

  • spermatid

  • primary motor cortex

  • subiculum

  • muscle of thigh

  • prefrontal cortex

  • cingulate gyrus
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

131408

78408

Ensembl

ENSG00000175182

ENSMUSG00000050821

UniProt

Q6UXB0

Q8BWU3

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001171093
NM_144635
NM_001366133
NM_001366134

NM_133778

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001164564
NP_653236
NP_001353062
NP_001353063

NP_598539

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 184.34 – 184.35 MbChr 16: 20.51 – 20.52 Mb
PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

FAM131A (Family with Sequence Similarity 131 Member A) is a protein that is encoded by the FAM131A gene in humans. Aliases for FAM131A include C3orf40, FLAT715, and PRO1378.

Gene

The gene, FAM131A, which is found on the plus strand of chromosome 3 (3q27.1), spans 7,847 base pairs in humans. The FAM131A gene transcribes an mRNA sequence that is 2,437 nucleotides. FAM131A is most highly expressed in the brain, with a low tissue specificity.

Bolded text indicates conserved amino acids from distant orthologs
Conceptual Translation of Human FAM131A. Annotations indicate start codon, exon boundaries, polyadenylation signals, polyadenylation sites, disordered region, region excluded from isoform 2, and stop codon. Amino acids conserved from distant orthologs are bolded.

Protein

The FAM131A protein in humans is 366 amino acids in length, with a theoretical molecular weight of 39.5 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.59. There have only been two isoforms found for the protein this gene encodes in humans, and isoform two is shorter at the N-terminus than isoform one due to amino acids 1-85 being absent in isoform two. It was also determined that Asparagine, Threonine, and Isoleucine are represented less in the FAM131A protein in comparison to most human proteins. However, Serine is more highly represented in the FAM131A protein in comparison to most human proteins. The FAM131A protein is predicted to be contained within the nucleus and in the nucleolus, and is predicted to be primarily localized to the nucleoli rim within the cell.

Predicted tertiary structure of human FAM131A protein from AlphaFold.

Post-translational modifications

Five different post-translational modification sites have been predicted for the FAM131A protein. These include three different theoretical sumoylation sites and two different theoretical lysine acetylation sites.

Interacting proteins

A few proteins have been found to be co-expressed alongside the FAM131 protein, including Von Willebrand Factor A Domain-Containing 5B2 (VWA5B2), Grid 2 Interacting Protein (GRID2IP), and Chordin (CHRD).

Homology

Multiple sequence alignment of FAM131 in distant orthologs. The consensus sequences indicate highly conserved amino acids with an uppercase letter, moderately conserved amino acids with a lowercase letter, and low conservation of an amino acid with a dot.

Orthologs were found for FAM131A in mammals (sequence identity ranging from 73.6%-92.3%), reptiles (sequence identity ranging from 48.5%-56.4%), birds (sequence identity ranging from 49.6%-54.0%), amphibians (sequence identity ranging from 47.1%-52.1%), and fish (sequence identity ranging from 26.2%-56.5%). The furthest date of divergence was found in fish, specifically Pretromyzon marinus, otherwise known as the Sea lamprey, at 599 million years ago. FAM131A was not found in any invertebrates, which could indicate that FAM131A is restricted to vertebrates.

Table of orthologs

Species Name Common Name Date of Divergence (mya) Accession Number Sequence Length (AA) Sequence Identity to Human Protein
Homo sapiens Humans 0 NP_653236 366 100%
Mus musculus House mouse 87 NP_598539 361 92.3%
Phascolarctos cinereus Koala 160 XP_020861440 362 73.6%
Sarcophilus harrisii Tasmanian devil 160 XP_031823960 283 64.1%
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator 319 XP_019339708 324 56.4%
Gallus gallus Chicken 319 XP_003641841 338 54.0%
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle 319 XP_010571279 275 49.6%
Aptenodytes forsteri Emporer penguin 319 XP_009286349 275 49.6%
Python bivittatus Burmese python 319 XP_025029736 302 48.5%
Rhinatrema bivittatum Two-lined caecilian 353 XP_029472185 290 52.1%
Xenopus tropicalis Tropical clawed frog 353 XP_004914460 344 50.0%
Rana temporaria Common frog 353 XP_040205721 348 47.6%
Bufo bufo Common toad 353 XP_040284457 261 47.1%
Protopterus annectens West African lungfish 408 XP_043926343.1 361 56.5%
Danio rerio Zebrafish 431 NP_001093625 293 43.4%
Oryzias latipes Japanese rice fish 431 XP_004079308 338 34.4%
Cheilinus undulatus Humphead wrasse 431 XP_041660114 318 31.4%
Amblyraja radiata Thorny skate 464 XP_032888076 380 51.8%
Petromyzon marinus Sea lamprey 599 XP_032802778 383 26.2%

Clinical significance

Studies have found having high expression of FAM131A is prognostically unfavorable for patients with ovarian cancer or endometrial cancer.

References

  1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175182 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050821 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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  17. "AlphaFold Protein Structure Database". alphafold.ebi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2022-12-15.
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  23. "FAM131A protein (human) - STRING interaction network". string-db.org. Retrieved 2022-12-16.
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