Femoral nerve block - Misplaced Pages

Medical intervention

Femoral nerve block
Ultrasound guided femoral nerve block
Other names	Femoral block
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A femoral nerve block is a nerve block that uses local anesthetic to achieve analgesia in the leg. The block works by affecting the femoral nerve.

A femoral nerve block (FNB) results in anesthesia of the skin and muscles of the anterior thigh and most of the femur and knee joint, as well as the skin on the medial aspect of the leg below the knee joint.

The block can be performed using anatomical landmarks, ultrasound or a nerve stimulator.

For hip surgery, a femoral nerve block and fascia iliac block (FIB) are alternative methods for providing analgesic relief. A meta-analysis concluded that compared to FIB, the FNB decreased visual analog scale at 24 hrs and the incidence of nausea, vomiting and oversedation.

For knee surgery, a femoral nerve block may lead to delayed postoperative mobilization of the patient and greater risk of falls as it causes motor blockade of the quadriceps muscles. Due to the sparing of the thigh muscles the adductor canal block is becoming a preferred choice for providing post-operative analgesia for knee surgery.

References

Vloka JD, Hadzic A, Gautier P (13 July 2018). "Femoral Nerve Block - Landmarks and Nerve Stimulator Technique". The New York School of Regional Anesthesia.
Forouzan A, Masoumi K, Motamed H, Gousheh MR, Rohani A (2017). "Nerve Stimulator versus Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Nerve Block; a Randomized Clinical Trial". Emergency (Tehran, Iran). 5 (1): e54. PMC 5325926. PMID 28286861.
Li XD, Han C, Yu WL (2022). "Is Femoral Nerve Block Superior to Fascia Iliac Block in Hip Surgery? Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials". BioMed Research International. 2022: 4840501. doi:10.1155/2022/4840501. PMC 9135520. PMID 35647188.
Min H, Ouyang Y, Chen G (August 2020). "Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the use of adductor canal block can achieve similar pain control as femoral nerve block". Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 28 (8): 2675–2686. doi:10.1007/s00167-020-05933-6. PMID 32166390. S2CID 212681626.
ElShawady KB, Zaki GF, Abdelhamid HS, Elfawy DM, Elfar MM (December 2022). "Adductor canal block vs. femoral nerve block in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using levobupivacaine: a comparative randomized controlled double-blind study". Ain-Shams Journal of Anaesthesiology. 14 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1186/s42077-022-00272-9. S2CID 252760404.

v t e Anesthesia and anesthesiology
Types	General Sedation Procedural sedation and analgesia Twilight anesthesia Local Continuous wound infiltration Topical Neuraxial blockade Combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia Epidural anesthesia Spinal anaesthesia Nerve block Brachial plexus block Fascia iliaca block Femoral nerve block Inferior alveolar nerve block Intercostal nerve block Interpleural block Intravenous regional anesthesia Occipital nerve block Paracervical block Pudendal nerve block Retrobulbar block Sciatic nerve block Transverse abdominis plane block Total intravenous anaesthesia
Pharmacologic agents	Anticholinergics Antiemetics Butyrophenones Benzodiazepines General anesthetics Inhalational anesthetics Local anesthetics Neuromuscular-blocking drugs Opioids Sedatives
Techniques	Airway management Anesthesia provision in the US Bronchoscopy Dogliotti's principle Intravenous therapy Laryngoscopy Tracheal intubation Rapid sequence induction
Scientific principles	Blood–gas partition coefficient Concentration effect Fink effect Minimum alveolar concentration Second gas effect
Measurements	ASA physical status classification system Baricity Bispectral index Body mass index Capnography Entropy monitoring Fick principle Goldman index Guedel's classification Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring Mallampati score Neuromuscular monitoring Pain scale Thyromental distance
Instruments	Anaesthetic machine Anesthetic vaporizer Arterial catheter Bronchial blocker Double-lumen endobronchial tube Gas cylinder Laryngeal mask airway Laryngeal tube Magill forceps Relative analgesia machine Tracheal tube
Complications	Allergic reactions Anesthesia awareness Drug-induced amnesia Effects of early-life exposures to anesthesia on the brain Emergence delirium Local anesthetic toxicity Malignant hyperthermia Perioperative mortality Postanesthetic shivering Postoperative nausea and vomiting Postoperative residual curarization
Subspecialties	Cardiothoracic Critical emergency medicine Geriatric Intensive care medicine Obstetric Oral sedation dentistry Pain medicine
Professions	Anesthesiologist Anesthesiologist assistant Nurse anesthetist Operating department practitioners Certified anesthesia technician Certified anesthesia technologist Anaesthetic technician Physicians' assistant (anaesthesia)
History	ACE mixture Helsinki Declaration for Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology History of general anesthesia History of neuraxial anesthesia History of tracheal intubation
Organizations	American Association of Nurse Anesthetists American Society of Anesthesia Technologists & Technicians American Society of Anesthesiologists Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland Royal College of Anaesthetists Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists Australian Society of Anaesthetists International Anesthesia Research Society European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
Category Outline

Routes of administration, dosage forms

Oral

Digestive tract (enteral)

Solids	Tablet Capsule Pastille Time release technology Osmotic delivery system
Liquids	Decoction Elixir Electuary Emulsion Effervescent powder or tablet Herbal tea Hydrogel Molecular encapsulation Powder Softgel Solution Suspension Syrup Tincture

Oral mucosa (buccal, sublabial, sublingual)

Solids	Orally disintegrating tablet Film Lollipop Sublingual drops Lozenges Effervescent tablet Chewing gum
Liquids	Mouthwash Toothpaste Ointment Spray

Respiratory tract (inhalation)

Solids	Dry-powder inhaler Smoking	0 0
Liquids	Anesthetic vaporizer Heated humidified high-flow therapy Medical inhalants Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) Nebulizer Vaporizer
Gas	Oxygen mask and Nasal cannula Oxygen concentrator Anaesthetic machine Medical inhalants Relative analgesia machine

Ophthalmic,
otic, nasal

Intrauterine device (IUD)

Extra-amniotic infusion

Intravesical infusion

DMSO solution

Transfersome vesicles

(into tissue/blood)

Skin (transdermal)	Intradermal Subcutaneous Injector pen Transdermal implant
Organs	Intracavernous Intravitreal Intra-articular
Central nervous system	Intracerebral Intrathecal Epidural
Circulatory, musculoskeletal	Intravenous Intracardiac Intramuscular Intraosseous Intraperitoneal Nanocell injection Patient-controlled analgesia pump PIC line

Category:

Regional anesthesia

See also

References