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Gallamine triethiodide

Clinical data
Trade names	Flaxedil
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
ATC code	M03AC02 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 2,2’,2’’-tris(N,N,N-triethylethanaminium) triiodide
CAS Number	65-29-2
PubChem CID	6172
IUPHAR/BPS	356
DrugBank	DB00483
ChemSpider	5937
UNII	Q3254X40X2
KEGG	D02292
ChEBI	CHEBI:503442
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200993
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C30H60N3O3 · 3 I (gallamine triethiodide) C24H45N3O3 (gallamine)
Molar mass	891.529 g/mol (gallamine triethiodide) 423.633 g/mol (gallamine)
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES ...O(c1c(OCC(CC)(CC)CC)cccc1OCC(CC)(CC)CC)CC(CC)(CC)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C24H45N3O3/c1-7-25(8-2)16-19-28-22-14-13-15-23(29-20-17-26(9-3)10-4)24(22)30-21-18-27(11-5)12-6/h13-15H,7-12,16-21H2,1-6H3 Key:ICLWTJIMXVISSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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Gallamine triethiodide (Flaxedil) is a non-depolarising muscle relaxant. It acts by combining with the cholinergic receptor sites in muscle and competitively blocking the transmitter action of acetylcholine. Gallamine is a non-depolarising type of blocker as it binds to the acetylcholine receptor but does not have the biological activity of acetyl choline. Gallamine triethiodide has a parasympatholytic effect on the cardiac vagus nerve, which causes tachycardia and occasionally hypertension. Very high doses cause histamine release.
Presence of iodine makes it radio opaque, and its ampule in a bag at airport's x-ray scanner raise the false suspicion of a bullet in the bag.

Gallamine triethiodide was commonly used to prevent muscle contractions during surgical procedures, but is now superseded by new neuromuscular blocking drugs with less side effects.

It was developed by Daniel Bovet in 1947.

The drug is no longer marketed in the United States, according to the FDA Orange Book.

See also

• Neuromuscular-blocking drug
• Curare

References

1. "Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil". Retrieved 2008-12-15.
2. "RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL". Retrieved 2008-12-15.
3. Morgenstern C, Splith G (October 1965). "". Der Anaesthesist (in German). 14 (10): 298–301. PMID 4380161.
4. Walts LF (1963). "Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia". Anesthesiology. 24: 119. doi:10.1097/00000542-196301000-00024. PMID 13998750.
5. Raghavendra T (July 2002). "Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 95 (7): 363–7. doi:10.1177/014107680209500713. PMC 1279945. PMID 12091515.

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