Ford 10R 60 · 10R 80 · 10R 140 GM 10L 80 · 10L 90 GM 10L 1000 (Allison) | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Ford · General Motors |
Production | 2017–present |
Body and chassis | |
Class | 10-speed longitudinal automatic transmission |
Related | ZF 8HP · MB 9G-Tronic |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | Ford 6R 60 · 6R 80 · 6R 140 GM 8L 45 · 8L 90 |
The Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission is part of a joint venture between Ford Motor Company and General Motors to design and engineer two transmissions: a longitudinal 10-speed transmission and a transverse 9-speed trans-axle. Each company manufactures its own unique version of the transmissions in its own factories. The 10-speed transmission was designed by Ford, while the 9-speed transmission was designed by GM.
GearModel | R | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Total Span |
Span Center |
Avg. Step |
Compo- nents |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ford 10R 80 · 2017 GM 10L 80 · 2017 GM 10L 90 · 2018 |
−4.866 | 4.696 | 2.985 | 2.146 | 1.769 | 1.520 | 1.275 | 1.000 | 0.854 | 0.689 | 0.636 | 7.386 | 1.728 | 1.249 | 4 Gearsets 2 Brakes 4 Clutches |
Ford 10R 140 · 2020 |
−4.695 | 4.615 | 2.919 | 2.132 | 1.773 | 1.519 | 1.277 | 1.000 | 0.851 | 0.687 | 0.632 | 7.299 | 1.708 | 1.247 | |
GM 10L 1000 (Allison) · 2020 |
−4.545 | 4.538 | 2.868 | 2.061 | 1.715 | 1.482 | 1.258 | 1.000 | 0.851 | 0.688 | 0.632 | 7.182 | 1.694 | 1.245 | |
Ford 10R 60 · 2020 | −4.885 | 4.714 | 2.997 | 2.149 | 1.769 | 1.521 | 1.275 | 1.000 | 0.853 | 0.689 | 0.636 | 7.416 | 1.731 | 1.249 |
- Differences in gear ratios have a measurable, direct impact on vehicle dynamics, performance, waste emissions as well as fuel mileage
Production
The 10R 80 was first produced at the Ford Livonia Transmission Plant in Livonia, Michigan, and the Hydra-Matic 10L 80 is made at the General Motors Romulus Powertrain Plant, in Romulus, Michigan. GM's Silao, Mexico, transmission plant started 10L 80 production in 2018, while Ford's Sharonville Transmission plant started 10R 80 production in 2018.
Specifications
Layout
The transmission is based on the well-known 8-speed automatic transmission 8HP from ZF. A unique triple-clutch assembly on a dedicated intermediate shaft, placed in the middle of the architecture, replaces two ordinary clutches and is the key for packaging the 10-speed unit into the same space as the previous transmission.
Compared to the 8-speed architecture, the transmission offers smaller steps between the lower gears, which benefits acceleration at low speeds. However, the individual gears are even more unevenly distributed than there. Furthermore, it was not possible to achieve any significant improvement in the steps, particularly in the upper gears, where it is more important than in the lower gears. It was also not possible to increase the total span. The gear step from 9th to 10th gear is unfavorably small at less than 9 %. These factors largely cancel out the advantage of the additional gears.
With Assessment | Planetary Gearset: Teeth | Count | Total Center |
Avg. | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model Type |
Version First Delivery |
S1 R1 |
S2 R2 |
S3 R3 |
S4 R4 |
Brakes Clutches |
Ratio Span |
Gear Step | |||
Gear Ratio |
R |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Step | |||||||||||
Δ Step | |||||||||||
Shaft Speed |
|||||||||||
Δ Shaft Speed |
|||||||||||
Ford 10R 80 GM 10L 80 GM 10L 90 |
800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) · 2017 900 N⋅m (664 lb⋅ft) · 2018 |
45 95 |
51 89 |
73 119 |
23 85 |
2 4 |
7.3864 1.7277 |
1.2488 | |||
Gear Ratio |
−4.8661 |
4.6957 |
2.9851 |
2.1462 |
1.7690 |
1.5201 |
1.2751 |
1.0000 |
0.8536 |
0.6892 |
0.6357 |
Step | 1.0363 | 1.0000 | 1.5730 | 1.3909 | 1.2132 | 1.1638 | 1.1921 | 1.2751 | 1.1715 | 1.2386 | 1.0841 |
Δ Step | 1.1310 | 1.1465 | 1.0425 | 0.9762 | 0.9349 | 1.0885 | 0.9458 | 1.1425 | |||
Speed | –0.9650 | 1.0000 | 1.5730 | 2.1879 | 2.6543 | 3.0890 | 3.6825 | 4.6956 | 5.5008 | 6.8134 | 7.3864 |
Δ Speed | 0.9650 | 1.0000 | 0.5730 | 0.6148 | 0.4665 | 0.4347 | 0.5935 | 1.0131 | 0.8052 | 1.3126 | 0.5730 |
Ford 10R 140 |
1,400 N⋅m (1,033 lb⋅ft) · 2020 | 58 122 |
50 86 |
69 111 |
26 94 |
2 4 |
7.2987 1.7084 |
1.2471 | |||
Gear Ratio |
−4.6951 |
4.6154 |
2.9186 |
2.1319 |
1.7733 |
1.5188 |
1.2773 |
1.0000 |
0.8514 |
0.6871 |
0.6324 |
Step | 1.0173 | 1.0000 | 1.5814 | 1.3690 | 1.2022 | 1.1676 | 1.1891 | 1.2773 | 1.1746 | 1.2391 | 1.0866 |
Δ Step | 1.1551 | 1.1388 | 1.0297 | 0.9819 | 0.9310 | 1.0874 | 0.9479 | 1.1404 | |||
Speed | –0.9830 | 1.0000 | 1.5814 | 2.1650 | 2.6027 | 3.0388 | 3.6135 | 4.6154 | 5.4211 | 6.7174 | 7.2987 |
Δ Speed | 0.9830 | 1.0000 | 0.5814 | 0.5836 | 0.4377 | 0.4360 | 0.5747 | 1.0019 | 0.8058 | 1.2962 | 0.5814 |
GM 10L 1000 (Allison) |
1,400 N⋅m (1,033 lb⋅ft) · 2020 | 53 103 |
53 91 |
65 103 |
26 92 |
2 4 |
7.1817 1.6935 |
1.2449 | |||
Gear Ratio |
−4.5448 |
4.5385 |
2.8681 |
2.0609 |
1.7153 |
1.4817 |
1.2583 |
1.0000 |
0.8506 |
0.6877 |
0.6319 |
Step | 1.0014 | 1.0000 | 1.5824 | 1.3916 | 1.2015 | 1.1576 | 1.1776 | 1.2583 | 1.1757 | 1.2368 | 1.0883 |
Δ Step | 1.1371 | 1.1583 | 1.0379 | 0.9830 | 0.9358 | 1.0703 | 0.9506 | 1.1365 | |||
Speed | –0.9986 | 1.0000 | 1.5824 | 2.2022 | 2.6459 | 3.0629 | 3.6068 | 4.5386 | 5.3358 | 6.5993 | 7.1817 |
Δ Speed | 0.9986 | 1.0000 | 0.5824 | 0.6198 | 0.4437 | 0.4170 | 0.5439 | 0.9317 | 0.7974 | 1.2635 | 0.5824 |
Ford 10R 60 | 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) · 2020 | 45 95 |
51 89 |
73 119 |
28 104 |
2 4 |
7.4157 1.7312 |
1.2493 | |||
Gear Ratio |
−4.8854 |
4.7143 |
2.9969 |
2.1488 |
1.7690 |
1.5209 |
1.2755 |
1.0000 |
0.8535 |
0.6890 |
0.6357 |
Step | 1.0363 | 1.0000 | 1.5730 | 1.3947 | 1.2147 | 1.1631 | 1.1924 | 1.2755 | 1.1717 | 1.2389 | 1.0837 |
Δ Step | 1.1279 | 1.1482 | 1.0443 | 0.9754 | 0.9349 | 1.0886 | 0.9458 | 1.1431 | |||
Speed | –0.9650 | 1.0000 | 1.5730 | 2.1979 | 2.6648 | 3.0996 | 3.6961 | 4.7143 | 5.5235 | 6.8143 | 7.4157 |
Δ Speed | 0.9650 | 1.0000 | 0.5730 | 0.6208 | 0.4710 | 0.4347 | 0.5965 | 1.0182 | 0.8092 | 1.3192 | 0.5730 |
Ratio R & Even |
|||||||||||
Ratio Odd |
|||||||||||
Algebra And Actuated Shift Elements | |||||||||||
Brake A | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | |||||
Brake B | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
Clutch C | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
Clutch D | ❶ | (❶) | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||
Clutch E | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
Clutch F | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | |||
| |||||||||||
Applications
Ford
10R 60
- 2020–present Ford Explorer
- 2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility:
- Only available on the 3.3L V6 engine option.
- 2021–present Ford Bronco
- 2024–present Ford Ranger
10R 80 MHT
- 2020–present Ford Explorer HEV
- 2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility HEV
- 2020–present Lincoln Aviator HEV
10R 80
- 2017–present Ford F-150:
- 2017–present in 3.5L EcoBoost models
- 2018–present in all other models except the 2018–2020 with 3.3L V6
- 2018–present Ford Mustang
- 2018–present Ford Expedition
- 2018–present Lincoln Navigator
- 2019–present Ford Ranger
- 2019–present Ford Everest
- 2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility:
- Only available on the 3.0L EcoBoost V6 engine option.
- 2020–present Ford Transit
- 2023–present VW Amarok
10R 140
- 2020–present Ford Super Duty
General Motors
Source
10L 60
- 2020–2024 Chevrolet Camaro V6
10L 80 MF6
- 2018–present Chevrolet Suburban
- 2018–present Cadillac Escalade
- 2018–present Chevrolet Tahoe
- 2018–present GMC Yukon Denali
- 2019–2024 Chevrolet Camaro SS
- 2019–present Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra 1500 (except V6 and 4-cylinder models, which use the 6L80 and 8L90 respectively)
10L 90 MX0
- 2017–2024 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1
- 2019–2020 Cadillac CT6
- 2020–present Cadillac CT5
- 2020–present Cadillac CT4
10L 1000 (Allison) MGM · MGU
- 2020–present Chevrolet Silverado HD/GMC Sierra HD
Lawsuits
At least five class action lawsuits have been filed regarding vehicles equipped with Ford's 10R 80 transmission. Several have since been consolidated to a single case being heard in Illinois. The lawsuits allege safety issues due to harsh and erratic shifting, which causes jerking, lunging, clunking and hesitation between gears. At least one case also cites sudden loss of power due to transmission issues. It is also alleged that Ford is aware of these issues and has not sufficiently fixed them, and has told consumers the behavior of the transmission is normal.
McCabe v. Ford Motor Company cites 38 different NHTSA complaints regarding the 10R 80 transmission. The complaints encompass the 2019–2022 Ford Ranger, 2018–2021 Ford Expedition, 2018–2022 Ford Mustang, 2018–2021 Lincoln Navigator, and 2021 Ford F-150.
Some of the lawsuits have been dismissed or partially dismissed. As of October 2023, at least one of these lawsuits is still ongoing.
References
- "Ford and GM finally consummate 9- and 10-speed joint development - SAE International". articles.sae.org. Archived from the original on 2018-03-25. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
- "Timur Apakidze · Exclusive: An Inside Look At Ford's New 10 Speed Transmission". TTAC · The Truth About Cars. 2014-12-01. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
- Martinez, Michael (20 April 2018). "No thanks, Ford says to 9-speed offered by GM". Automotive News. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- Tracy, David (23 April 2018). "Why Ford Isn't Using GM's Nine-Speed Automatic Transmission". Jalopnik. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- Ford 10R80, GM 10L80 10 Speed Transmission - 10R80, 10L80 10 Speed Automatic Transmission Specs
- Game of chicken: GM bets on Mexican-made pickup trucks
- "New Programs Update May 2017". @FordOnline. Ford. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
- "Holy Shift! A Look inside GM's new 10-Speed Automatic - Advanced design, GM control system support capability, enhanced efficiency". Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- "F150Hub: Ford 10R80 Automatic Transmission Specs, Ratios". Retrieved 15 July 2019.
- ^ "Timur Apakidze · Saturation Dive: Ford 10 Speed Transmission Power Flow". TTAC · The Truth About Cars. 2014-12-23. Retrieved 2024-01-25.
- "F450-XL Hub: Ford 10R140 Automatic Transmission Specs 2020, Ratios". Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- "GMC Sierra HD Specs 2020, Ratios". Retrieved 7 June 2020.
- "Ford Explorer Specs 2020, Ratios" (PDF). Retrieved 18 June 2023.
- "GM Global Propulsion Systems – USA Information Guide Model Year 2018" (PDF). General Motors Powertrain. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
- https://web.archive.org/web/20230512213219/https://i.imgur.com/S9il0A8.png
- https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/FordCA.pdf. Smith v. Ford Motor Company. Case 5:20-cv-00211. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- ^ https://www.classaction.org/media/mccabe-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. McCabe v. Ford Motor Company. Case 1:23-cv-10829. Document 1. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247/pdf/USCOURTS-paed-2_20-cv-00247-0.pdf. Orndorff v Ford Motor Company. Case 2:20-cv-00247-KSM. Document 13. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- ^ https://app.ediscoveryassistant.com/case_law/51364-o-connor-v-ford-motor-co. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045. Document Filed: July 20, 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- https://www.classaction.org/media/o-connor-v-ford-motor-company.pdf. O'Connor v Ford Motor Co. Case 1:19-cv-05045.Document 7. Filed 8 August 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- Foote, Brett (17 November 2020). "FORD F-150 10R 80 TRANSMISSION LAWSUIT DISMISSED IN ILLINOIS SUPREME COURT". Ford Authority. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- Foote, Brett (8 November 2021). "FORD F-150 10R80 TRANSMISSION LAWSUIT SURVIVES PARTIAL DISMISSAL". Ford Authority.