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| Fort-Shevchenko Форт-Шевченко | |
|---|---|
 Fort-Shevchenko from the air | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Fort-ShevchenkoLocation in Kazakhstan | |
| Coordinates: 44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E / 44.517; 50.267 | |
| Country | Kazakhstan |
| Region | Mangystau Region |
| Population | |
| • Total | 5,559 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (+5) |
Fort-Shevchenko (Kazakh: Форт-Шевченко) is a military-base town and administrative centre of Tupkaragan District in Mangystau Region of Kazakhstan on the eastern shore of Caspian Sea. Primary industries include fishing and the extraction of stone. Population: 5,559 (2016 estimate).
History
The city was founded as a military stronghold by the Imperial Russian Navy in 1846 after nearby New Alexander Fort, built in 1834 overlooking Dead Kultuk, was deemed too remote. Until 1857, Fort Shevchenko was known as Novopetrovskoye (Новопетровское) and from 1857 to 1939 as Fort-Aleksandrovskii (Форт-Александровский). It was named for Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who was assigned to military service here during his exile. Today the town is used by the Kazakhstan Navy as a base.
The coat of arms of Fort Alexandrovsky was approved October 22, 1908, along with other arms of the Transcaspian field: It is black and silver depicting the fortress and two fish.
Russian Civil War
Fort Alexandrovsky was the site of naval action on 21 May 1919, when a Squadron of the British Caspian Flotilla attacked the port.
Climate
| Climate data for Fort-Shevchenko (1991–2020, extremes 1848–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
25.2 (77.4) |
31.1 (88.0) |
37.4 (99.3) |
40.6 (105.1) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
22.3 (72.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
24.2 (75.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.9 (78.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
12.7 (54.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.4 (47.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
10.8 (51.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.0 (−16.6) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
−19.7 (−3.5) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11 (0.4) |
7 (0.3) |
11 (0.4) |
20 (0.8) |
10 (0.4) |
5 (0.2) |
10 (0.4) |
6 (0.2) |
9 (0.4) |
9 (0.4) |
13 (0.5) |
9 (0.4) |
120 (4.7) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 88 | 114 | 158 | 225 | 300 | 329 | 337 | 315 | 260 | 193 | 103 | 74 | 2,496 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
Landmarks
There are several landmarks of significance; Shevchenko Memorial Museum, National History, and ethnographic museums. The Shevchenko Memorial Museum opened in 1932 near where he had been hiding. There are also some remnants of the fortress, a monument to Shevchenko and a state grave of Civil War heroes.
31 km from the city is the necropolis Beysenbay and up the coast the site Bautino (Баутино).
References
- ^ "Республика Казахстан". Archived from the original (RAR) on 2016-04-22.
- Travel Guide to Fort Shevchenko and Bautino – Planet Esoterica
- Halpern, Paul (2013). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4094-2756-8.
- "Weather and Climate- The Climate of Fort-Shevchenko" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 5 January 2022.
- "Fort Sevcenko (Fort-Shevchenko) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
External links
Media related to Fort-Shevchenko at Wikimedia Commons
44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E / 44.517; 50.267
| Mangystau Region | ||
|---|---|---|
| Capital: Aktau | ||
| Districts |  | |
| Major cities | ||
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