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Fujiwara no Tadaie

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Fujiwara no Tadaie
藤原忠家
Tadaie outside the screen
Born1033
DiedDecember 19, 1091
FatherFujiwara no Nagaie
In this Japanese name, the surname is Fujiwara.

Fujiwara no Tadaie (藤原 忠家, 1033 – December 19, 1091), also known as Mikohidari Tadaie, was a Japanese statesman, courtier, politician, poet and calligrapher during the Heian period.

In 1090 he ordained as a Buddhist monk and undertook the precepts a year later. He died several months later.

Career at court

He was a minister during the reigns of Emperor Go-Reizei, Emperor Shirakawa and Emperor Horikawa.

Tadaie did well at court, rising to the Senior Second Rank and the office of Dainagon (Major Counselor).

Poet

In this period of Japanese history, the duties of Imperial courtiers included an expectation that each would create and present poems.

An incident from Tadaie's life is featured in a poem which captured a fleeting moment and a gallant gesture:

Rōmaji English
Haru no yo no
Yume bakari naru
Te-makura ni
Kainaku tatan
Na koso oshi kere
If I had made thy proffered arm
A pillow for my head
For but the moment's time, in which
A summer's dream had fled,
What would the world have said?

Calligrapher

Examples of calligraphy attributable to Tadaie are identified variously by the Japanese government as a "National Treasure", as an "Important Art Object" and as an "Important Cultural Property".

Genealogy

Tadaie's grandfather was Fujiwara no Michinaga; and his father was Fujiwara no Nagaie. The son of Tadaie was Fujiwara no Toshitada (1071–1123). This lineage was identified as the Mikohidari lineage within the Hokke branch of the Fujiwara clan.

Tadaie was the grandfather of the poet Fujiwara no Toshinari (1114–1204), who was also known as Shunzei. Tadaie was the great-grandfather of Fujiwara no Sadaie, also known as Fujiwara no Teika.

Notes

  1. Museen der Stadt Koln. (1975). "Fujiwara no Toshitada," in Sho : Pinselschrift und Malerei in Japan vom 7.-19. Jahrhundert, p. 84; excerpt, "... Staatsratsmitglieds (State Council Member) Fujiwara no Tadaie ...."
  2. Sato, Hiroaki (2008). Japanese Women Poets: An Anthology. p. 122, no. 174.
  3. Carter, Steven D (1993). Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology. p. 227, no. 67.
  4. ^ Journal of Asian Culture (1989), Vol. 13, p. 166.
  5. Carter, Steven D. (2007). Householders: the Reizei Family in Japanese History, p. 374; excerpt, "... courtiers at the Palace presented poems on the idea of "Enjoying Artificial Cherry Blossoms," at the time of Retired Emperor Go-Reizei"
  6. Porter, William N. (1909). A Hundred Verses from Old Japan, being a Translation of the Hyaku-nin-isshiu, pp. 148-149; excerpt, "... lady-in- waiting at the Court of the Emperor Goreizei ... was present one day at a long and tedious court function, and, feeling very tired and sleepy, she called to a servant for a pillow; ... Tadaie, gallantly offered her his arm, with a request that she would rest her head there, and she replied with this verse."
  7. Tokyo National Museum, "Essay on Ten Styles of Japanese Poems" Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine (National Treasure) n.b., the manuscript's calligraphy is attributable to Tadaie according to a curatorial note by Kohitsu Ryōsa (1572-1662) at the end of the scroll; compare "Segment from the Michinari Shu Poetry Anthology" (Important Art Object) in "Courtly Art: Heian to Muromachi Periods (8c-16c)"; compare "Record of Various Poem Contests," (Important Cultural Property); retrieved 2011-07-26.
  8. Nagako, Fujiwara et al. (1977). The Emperor Horikawa Diary, p. 57; excerpt, "Toshitada was a grandson of Fujiwara no Michinaga's son Nagaie. This Nagaie had been well-known as a poet, and the poetic tradition was kept alive in the family by his son Tadaie and grandson Toshitada. Toshitada's son, Toshinari and grandson Sadaie (Teika) rank among the greatest of all Japanese poets."
  9. National Institutes for Cultural Heritage, "Essay on Ten Styles of Japanese Poems" Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine (National Treasure)
  10. Keene, Donald. (1999). Seeds in the Heart, p. 681 n2; excerpt, "... the Sino-Japanese versions of their names were used by their contemporaries, and this practice is still observed."

References

  • Porter, William N. (1909). A Hundred Verses from Old Japan, Being a Translation of the Hyaku-nin-isshiu. Oxford: Oxford University Press. OCLC 475094624
  • Sato, Hiroaki. (2008). Japanese Women Poets: an Anthology. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe.ISBN 9780765617835; OCLC 70131159
Fujiwara family tree
Kamatari
614–669
Fuhito
659–720
NANKE branchHOKKE branchSHIKIKE branchKYŌKE branch
Muchimaro
680–737		Fusasaki
681–737		Umakai
694–737		Maro
695–737
Toyonari
704–766		Nakamaro
706–764		OtomaroNagate
714–771		Matate
715–766		Uona
721–783		Kaedemaro
723–776		Yoshitsugu
716–777		Tamaro
722–783		Momokawa
732–779		Hamanari
724–790
Tsuginawa
727–796		Korekimi
727–789		Uchimaro
756–812		Sonohito
756–819		Otsugu
774–843
Fuyutsugu
775–826
Nagara
802–826		Yoshifusa
804–872		Yoshiyo
823–900
Mototsune
836–891
Tokihira
871–909		Tadahira
880–949
Saneyori
900–970		Morosuke
909–960
Yoritada
924–989		Koretada
924–972		Yoritada
925–977		Kaneie
929–990
Michitaka
953–995		Michikane
961–995		Michinaga
966–1028
Yorimichi
992–1074		Norimichi
996–1075
Morozane
1042–1101
Moromichi
1062–1099
Tadazane
1075–1162
Tadamichi
1097–1164		Yorinaga
1120–1156
Konoe
Family		Matsudono
Family		Kujō
Family
Konoe Motozane
1143–1166		Matsudono Motofusa
1144?–1231		Kujō Kanezane
1149–1207
Konoe Motomichi
1160–1233		Matsudono Moroie
1172–1238		Kujō Yoshitsune
1169–1206
Konoe Iezane
1179–1242		Kujō Michiie
1193–1252
Takatsukasa
Family		Nijō
Family		Ichijō
Family
Konoe Kanetsune
1210–1259		Takatsukasa Kanehira
1228–1294		Kujō Norizane
1211–1235		Nijō Yoshizane
1216–1271		Ichijō Sanetsune
1223–1284
Notes
  1. ^ Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era. New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099
  2. ^ Kanai, Madoka; Nitta, Hideharu; Yamagiwa, Joseph Koshimi (1966). A topical history of Japan. Sub-Committee on Far Eastern Language Instruction of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. p. 6.
  3. ^ Brown, Delmer M. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan: Volume 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521223522.
  4. ^ 平城宮兵部省跡. 奈良文化財研究所. 2005. p. 168.
  5. Yoshikawa, Toshiko (2006). 仲麻呂政権と藤原永手・八束（真楯）・千尋（御楯）. Hanawa Shobō (塙書房). ISBN 978-4-8273-1201-0.
  6. Tyler, Royall (1993). The Book of the Great Practice: The Life of the Mt. Fuji Ascetic Kakugyō Tōbutsu Kū (PDF). Asian Folklore Studies. p. 324.
  7. Yoneda, Yūsuke (2002). 藤原摂関家の誕生. 吉川弘文館. p. 139.
  8. Nakagawa, Osamu (1991). "藤原良継の変" [The Rise of Fujiwara no Yoshitsugu]. 奈良朝政治史の研究 [Political History of the Nara Period] (in Japanese). Takashina Shoten (高科書店).
  9. Kimoto, Yoshinobu (1998). 藤原式家官人の考察. 高科書店. p. 47. ISBN 978-4-87294-923-0.
  10. Takemitsu, Makoto (2013). 日本史の影の主役藤原氏の正体: 鎌足から続く1400年の歴史. PHP研究所. p. 103. ISBN 978-4569761046.
  11. http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~sg2h-ymst/hamanari.html
  12. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). In Japan Encyclopedia at Google Books; Brinkley, Frank et al. (1915).
  13. Kimoto, Yoshinobu (2004). "『牛屋大臣』藤原是公について" [On "Ushiya-Daijin" Fujiwara no Korekimi]. 奈良時代の藤原氏と諸氏族 [The Fujiwara Clan and Other Clans of the Nara Period] (in Japanese). Ohfu.
  14. Kurihara, Hiromu. 藤原内麿家族について [The Family of Fujiwara no Uchimaro]. Japanese History (日本歴史) (in Japanese) (511).
  15. Kurihara, Hiromu (2008). "藤原冬嗣家族について" [Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu's Family]. 平安前期の家族と親族 [Family and Relatives During the Early Heian Period] (in Japanese). Azekura Shobo (校倉書房). ISBN 978-4-7517-3940-2.
  16. ^ 公卿補任 [Kugyō Bunin] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1982.
  17. Kitayama, Shigeo (1973). 日本の歴史4 平安京 [History of Japan IV: Heian-kyō] (in Japanese). Chūkō Bunko (中公文庫). p. 242.
  18. 日本古代氏族人名辞典（普及版） [Dictionary of Names from Ancient Japanese Clans (Trade Version)] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 2010. ISBN 978-4-642-01458-8.
  19. ^ Nobuyoshi, Yamamoto (2003). 摂関政治史論考 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02394-8.
  20. Haruo, Sasayama (2003). "藤原兼通の政権獲得過程". 日本律令制の展開 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02393-1.
  21. Frederic, Louis (2002). "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  22. ^ Papinot, Edmond (1910). Historical and geographical dictionary of Japan. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha.
  23. Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  24. Varley, Paul (2000). Japanese Culture. Fourth Edition. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Press.
  25. Uejima, Susumu (2010). "日本中世社会の形成と王権". 中世庄園制の形成過程―〈立庄〉再考 (in Japanese). The University of Nagoya Press. ISBN 978-4-8158-0635-4.
  26. Owada, Tetsuo (2003). 日本史諸家系図人名辞典 (in Japanese). Kodansha. ISBN 978-4062115780.
  27. "卷之一百四十二 列傳第六十九". 大日本史 (in Japanese). 1715.
  28. Kimoto, Yoshinobu (2000). "後二条師通記と藤原師通". 平安朝官人と記録の研究―日記逸文にあらわれたる平安公卿の世界 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4273031565.
  29. Araki, Hiroshi (2009). "中世の皇統迭立と文学形成 1院政期から中世への視界 坂上の宝剣と壺切―談話録に見る皇統・儀礼の古代と中世―". 皇統迭立と文学形成 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4-7576-0513-8.
  30. ^ Sansom, George (1958). A history of Japan to 1334. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0804705232.
  31. "The World Turned Upside Down" translated by Kathe Roth, p. 27
  32. Yamada, Akiko (2010). 中世前期女性院宮の研究 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4784214969.
  33. ^ Natanabe, Naohiko (1994). 古代史論叢 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4797106558.
  34. ^ "藤原北家．近衛". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 57.
  35. ^ "藤原北家．九条". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 77.
  36. "藤原北家．近衛". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 65.
  37. Jinson . 大乗院日記目録.
  38. "藤原北家．九条". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 80.
  39. ネケト. 二条家（摂家） (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2004-08-15. Retrieved 2007-09-09.
  40. ネケト. 一条家（摂家） (in Japanese). Retrieved 2007-08-18.
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