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Preferred IUPAC name (5E)-6,10-Dimethylundeca-5,9-dien-2-one | |
Other names 6,10-dimethyl-(5E)-5,9-undecadien-2-one, (E)-geranylacetone | |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.021.155 |
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Properties | |
Chemical formula | C13H22O |
Molar mass | 194.318 g·mol |
Density | 0.8698 g/cm (20 °C) |
Boiling point | 126–8 °C (259–46 °F; 399–281 K) 10 mm Hg |
Hazards | |
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Pictograms | |
Signal word | Warning |
Hazard statements | H315, H411 |
Precautionary statements | P264, P273, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P313, P362, P391, P501 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references |
Geranylacetone is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)(CH2)2CH=C(CH3)(CH2)2CH=C(CH3)2. A colorless oil, it is the product of coupling geranyl and acetonyl groups. It is a precursor to synthetic squalene.
Synthesis and occurrence
Geranylacetone can be produced by transesterification of ethyl acetoacetate with linalool:
- EtOC(O)CH2C(O)CH3 + C10H17OH → C10H17OC(O)CH2C(O)CH3 + EtOH
The esterification of linalool can also be effected with ketene or isopropenyl methyl ether. The resulting linalyl ester undergoes Carroll rearrangement to give geranylacetone. Geranyl acetone is a precursor to isophytol, which is used in the manufacture of Vitamin E. Other derivatives of geranyl acetone are farnesol and nerolidol.
Geranylacetone is a flavor component of many plants including rice, mango, and tomatoes.
Together with other ketones, geranylacetone results from the degradation of vegetable matter by ozone.
Biosynthesis
It arises by the oxidation of certain carotenoids. Such reaction are catalyzed by carotenoid oxygenase.
References
- Eggersdorfer, Manfred (2000). "Terpenes". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a26_205. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- Sell, Charles S. (2006). "Terpenoids". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.2005181602120504.a01.pub2. ISBN 0471238961.
- Pino, Jorge A.; Mesa, Judith; Muñoz, Yamilie; Martí, M. Pilar; Marbot, Rolando (2005). "Volatile Components from Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 53 (6): 2213–2223. doi:10.1021/jf0402633. PMID 15769159.
- Fruekilde, P.; Hjorth, J.; Jensen, N.R.; Kotzias, D.; Larsen, B. (1998). "Ozonolysis at Vegetation Surfaces". Atmospheric Environment. 32 (11): 1893–1902. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00485-8.
- Simkin, Andrew J.; Schwartz, Steven H.; Auldridge, Michele; Taylor, Mark G.; Klee, Harry J. (2004). "The Tomato Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 1 Genes Contribute to the Formation of the Flavor Volatiles β-Ionone, Pseudoionone, and Geranylacetone". The Plant Journal. 40 (6): 882–892. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02263.x. PMID 15584954.