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Germanium(IV) iodide

Identifiers
CAS Number	13450-95-8
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	75317
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.271
EC Number	236-613-7
PubChem CID	83479
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7065469
InChI InChI=1S/GeI4/c2-1(3,4)5Key: CUDGTZJYMWAJFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES (I)(I)(I)I
Properties
Chemical formula	GeI4
Molar mass	580.248 g·mol
Appearance	red crystals (For colors at different temperatures, see this document)
Density	4.32 g·cm
Melting point	146 °C (419 K)
Solubility	Soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon disulfide, chloroform and benzene
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references

Germanium(IV) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula GeI₄.

Preparation

Germanium(IV) iodide can be obtained by the reaction of germanium and iodine or the reaction of germanium dioxide and 57% hydriodic acid:

GeO₂ + 4 HI → GeI₄ + 2 H₂O

Chemical properties

Germanium(IV) iodide reacts with tetraalkyl tin at 250 °C to form R₂SnI₂ and R₂GeI₂ (R= Et, Bu, Ph). It reacts with germanium and sulfur at high temperatures to produce red GeSI₂ and orange Ge₂S₃I₂. It reacts with diiron nonacarbonyl in an ionic liquid (Cl/AlCl₃) at 130 °C to obtain Ge₁₂₈I₄.

12 GeI₄ + 15 Fe₂(CO)₉ → Ge₁₂[Fe(CO)₃]₈I₄ + 22 FeI₂ + 111 CO↑

Physical properties

Germanium(IV) iodide is an orange-red crystalline solid that hydrolyzes in water. It is soluble in carbon disulfide and benzene, but less soluble in carbon tetrachloride and chloroform. It begins to decompose into germanium(II) iodide and iodine above its melting point. Germanium(IV) iodide crystallizes in the cubic crystal system, space group Pa3 (space group no. 205), with the lattice parameter a = 11.89 Å. The crystal structure consists of tetrahedral GeI₄ molecules.

References

1. ^ A. W. Laubengayer, P. L. Brandt (Feb 1932). "The Preparation of Germanium Tetrabromide and Germanium Tetraiodide". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 54 (2): 621–623. doi:10.1021/ja01341a502. ISSN 0002-7863. Archived from the original on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
2. ^ L. M. Dennis, F. E. Hance (Dec 1922). "GERMANIUM. IV. GERMANIUM TETRA-IODIDE". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 44 (12): 2854–2860. doi:10.1021/ja01433a020. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
3. ^ Schenk, P.W. (1963). "12. Silicon and Germanium". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbook of preparative inorganic chemistry (Second ed.). Academic Press. p. 719. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-395590-6.50020-X. ISBN 978-0-12-395590-6.
4. "Germanium tetraiodide". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
5. Kocheshkov, K. A.; Fomina, N. V.; Sheverdina, N. I.; Zemlyanskii, N. N.; Chernoplekova, V. A. Reaction of tetraalkyltin with germanium tetrahalides. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1973. 3: 711. ISSN: 0002-3353.
6. A.P. Velmuzhov, M.V. Sukhanov, A.D. Plekhovich, A.I. Suchkov, V.S. Shiryaev (Mar 2015). "Thermal decomposition study of GeSI2 and Ge2S3I2 glassy alloys". Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 411: 40–44. Bibcode:2015JNCS..411...40V. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.09.018. Retrieved 2021-01-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
7. Silke Wolf, Wim Klopper, Claus Feldmann (2018). "Ge 12 {Fe(CO) 3 } 8 (μ-I) 4 : a germanium–iron cluster with Ge 4 , Ge 2 and Ge units". Chemical Communications. 54 (10): 1217–1220. doi:10.1039/C7CC08091C. ISSN 1359-7345. PMID 29336437. Retrieved 2021-01-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
8. Holleman, Arnold F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (1995). Lehrbuch der anorganischen Chemie (101., verb. und stark erw. Aufl ed.). Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-012641-9.

• Germanium compounds
• Iodides