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Glaucium grandiflorum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Ranunculales
Family:	Papaveraceae
Genus:	Glaucium
Species:	G. grandiflorum
Binomial name
Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss. & A.Huet
Synonyms
Glaucium judaicum Bornm.

Glaucium grandiflorum, the great-flowered horned poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the horned poppy genus which is native to the Middle East.

Description

The species is a perennial flowering plant which has scalloped, blue-gray leaves. It flowers in the summer and fall with orange-red flowers that are 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in diameter. These flowers are on long stems which extend above the plant's foliage. The seed pods ripen in late summer.

Glaucium grandiflorum grows 6–40 centimetres (2.4–15.7 in) and can have one or more main stems. These stems are branched, and are covered with rather dense hairs. The petals are 1–4.5 centimetres (0.39–1.77 in) long. There are numerous stamens with anthers 1–4 millimetres (0.039–0.157 in) in length. Their filaments are monotronic in the upper half and broadened in the lower half. The pedicals, when fruiting, can be up to 9 centimetres (3.5 in) long, and are erect or contorted and hairy. The stigma are 4–9 millimetres (0.16–0.35 in) broad.

Phytochemistry

Numerous alkaloids have been isolated from the plant, including norchelidonine, dihydrochelerythrine, 8-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine, protopine, allocryptopine, corypalmine, and tetrahydropalmatine.

Taxonomy

Glaucium grandiflorum has two accepted infraspecific varieties:

• Glaucium grandiflorum var. haussknechtii (Bornm. & Fedde) A. Parsa
• Glaucium grandiflorum var. iranicum B. Mory

Distribution and habitat

Glaucium grandiflorum has a distribution from the Eastern Mediterranean to Iran.

Glaucium grandiflorum is found in disturbed habitats and shrub-steppes. It is found in the Irano-Turanian floristic region and is a glycophyte.

Gallery

References

1. ^ World Plants (March 2014). "Glaucium grandiflorum". Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
2. "Glaucium grandiflorum (Grand-Flowered Horned Poppy)". gardenia.net. 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
3. Tavakkoli, Zahra; Assadi, Mostafa (2019). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Glaucium (Papaveraceae) in Iran". Acta Bot. Croat. 78: 57–65. doi:10.2478/botcro-2019-0003. S2CID 92680053.
4. el-Afifi, Fatma; al-Eisawi, Dawud (1986). "Alkaloids of Glaucium grandiflorum". Journal of Natural Products. 49 (6): 1166. doi:10.1021/np50048a055 – via pubs.acs.org.
5. Danin, Avinoam. "פרגה אדומה Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss. & A.Huet". Flora of Israel Online. Retrieved 12 February 2022.

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• Glaucium